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Charbonnier S, Vogt G, Forel MB, Hieu N, Devillez J, Laville T, Poulet-Crovisier N, King A, Briggs DEG. The La Voulte-sur-Rhône Konservat-Lagerstätte reveals the male and female internal anatomy of the Middle Jurassic clawed lobster Eryma ventrosum. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17744. [PMID: 39085260 PMCID: PMC11291483 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The biology of extinct animals is usually reconstructed from external morphological characters and comparison with present-day analogues. Internal soft organs are very rarely preserved in fossils and require high-tech approaches for visualization. Here, we report the internal anatomy of a female and male of the ~ 162 Myr-old lobster Eryma ventrosum from the Jurassic La Voulte-sur-Rhône Konservat-Lagerstätte in France using X-ray synchrotron tomography. The Erymidae is an extinct, species-rich, widespread and ecologically important Mesozoic family of decapod crustaceans. Our investigation revealed the anatomy of the locomotory, respiratory, circulatory, excretory, digestive, nervous and sensory, and reproductive systems at a resolution resembling low-magnification histology. Particularly notable is the detailed preservation of the small brain and the fragile hepatopancreas, the main metabolic organ of decapods that decays rapidly post-mortem. The remarkable preservation shows that the internal anatomy of Eryma ventrosum is closer to that of Nephropidae (clawed lobsters) than Astacidae (freshwater crayfish), their closest living relatives based on skeletal morphology. The microanatomy of the gonads and hepatopancreas indicates that the two specimens investigated were a young, well-nourished female and male prior to sexual maturity. The analysis of the soft anatomy reveals remarkable conservatism over 160 Myr and offers new insights into feeding, reproduction, life history and lifestyle of an important component of the macrozoobenthos of Middle Jurassic seas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Charbonnier
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7207, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie-Paris, CR2P, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
| | - Günter Vogt
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marie-Béatrice Forel
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7207, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie-Paris, CR2P, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Nathan Hieu
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7207, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie-Paris, CR2P, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Julien Devillez
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7207, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie-Paris, CR2P, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Laville
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7207, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie-Paris, CR2P, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Poulet-Crovisier
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7207, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie-Paris, CR2P, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Andrew King
- Synchrotron Soleil, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Derek E G Briggs
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale Peabody Museum, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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2
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Sabroux R, Corbari L, Hassanin A. Phylogeny of sea spiders (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) inferred from mitochondrial genome and 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023; 182:107726. [PMID: 36754337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The phylogeny of sea spiders has been debated for more than a century. Despite several molecular studies in the last twenty years, interfamilial relationships remain uncertain. In the present study, relationships within Pycnogonida are examined in the light of a new dataset composed of 160 mitochondrial genomes (including 152 new sequences) and 130 18S rRNA gene sequences (including 120 new sequences), from 141 sea spider morphospecies representing 26 genera and 9 families. Node congruence between mitochondrial and nuclear markers was analysed to identify the most reliable relationships. We also reanalysed a multilocus dataset previously published and showed that the high percentages of missing data make phylogenetic conclusions difficult and uncertain. Our results support the monophyly of most families currently accepted, except Callipallenidae and Nymphonidae, the monophyly of the superfamilies Ammotheoidea (Ammotheidae + Pallenopsidae), Nymphonoidea (Nymphonidae + Callipallenidae), Phoxichilidioidea (Phoxichilidiidae + Endeidae) and Colossendeoidea (Colossendeidae + Pycnogonidae + Rhynchothoracidae), and the sister-group relationship between Ammotheoidea and Phoxichilidioidea. We discuss the morphological evolution of sea spiders, identifying homoplastic characters and possible synapomorphies. We also discuss the palaeontological and phylogenetic arguments supporting either a radiation of sea spiders prior to Jurassic or a progressive diversification from Ordovician or Cambrian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Sabroux
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE, UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 51, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laure Corbari
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE, UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 51, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Hassanin
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE, UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 51, 75005 Paris, France.
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Ballesteros JA, Setton EVW, Santibáñez-López CE, Arango CP, Brenneis G, Brix S, Corbett KF, Cano-Sánchez E, Dandouch M, Dilly GF, Eleaume MP, Gainett G, Gallut C, McAtee S, McIntyre L, Moran AL, Moran R, López-González PJ, Scholtz G, Williamson C, Woods HA, Zehms JT, Wheeler WC, Sharma PP. Phylogenomic Resolution of Sea Spider Diversification through Integration of Multiple Data Classes. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:686-701. [PMID: 32915961 PMCID: PMC7826184 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in invertebrate phylogenomics over the past decade, the higher-level phylogeny of Pycnogonida (sea spiders) remains elusive. Due to the inaccessibility of some small-bodied lineages, few phylogenetic studies have sampled all sea spider families. Previous efforts based on a handful of genes have yielded unstable tree topologies. Here, we inferred the relationships of 89 sea spider species using targeted capture of the mitochondrial genome, 56 conserved exons, 101 ultraconserved elements, and 3 nuclear ribosomal genes. We inferred molecular divergence times by integrating morphological data for fossil species to calibrate 15 nodes in the arthropod tree of life. This integration of data classes resolved the basal topology of sea spiders with high support. The enigmatic family Austrodecidae was resolved as the sister group to the remaining Pycnogonida and the small-bodied family Rhynchothoracidae as the sister group of the robust-bodied family Pycnogonidae. Molecular divergence time estimation recovered a basal divergence of crown group sea spiders in the Ordovician. Comparison of diversification dynamics with other marine invertebrate taxa that originated in the Paleozoic suggests that sea spiders and some crustacean groups exhibit resilience to mass extinction episodes, relative to mollusk and echinoderm lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús A Ballesteros
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Emily V W Setton
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | - Claudia P Arango
- Queensland Museum, Biodiversity Program, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Georg Brenneis
- Zoologisches Institut und Museum, Cytologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Saskia Brix
- Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), c/o Biocenter Grindel (CeNak), Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kevin F Corbett
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Esperanza Cano-Sánchez
- Biodiversidad y Ecología Acuática, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Merai Dandouch
- Department of Biology, California State University-Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA
| | - Geoffrey F Dilly
- Department of Biology, California State University-Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA
| | - Marc P Eleaume
- Départment Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Guilherme Gainett
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Cyril Gallut
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Concarneau, France
| | - Sean McAtee
- Department of Biology, California State University-Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA
| | - Lauren McIntyre
- Department of Biology, California State University-Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA
| | - Amy L Moran
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai’I at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Randy Moran
- Department of Biology, California State University-Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA
| | - Pablo J López-González
- Biodiversidad y Ecología Acuática, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gerhard Scholtz
- Institut für Biologie, Vergleichende Zoologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clay Williamson
- Department of Biology, California State University-Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA
| | - H Arthur Woods
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT
| | - Jakob T Zehms
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Ward C Wheeler
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York City, NY
| | - Prashant P Sharma
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI
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Jauvion C, Audo D, Charbonnier S, Vannier J. Virtual dissection and lifestyle of a 165 -million-year-old female polychelidan lobster. ARTHROPOD STRUCTURE & DEVELOPMENT 2016; 45:122-132. [PMID: 26577513 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Polychelidan lobsters are fascinating crustaceans that were known as fossils before being discovered in the deep-sea. They differ from other crustaceans by having four to five pairs of claws. Although recent palaeontological studies have clarified the systematics and phylogeny of the group, the biology of extant polychelidans and--first of all--their anatomy are poorly documented. Numerous aspects of the evolutionary history of the group remain obscure, in particular, how and when polychelidans colonized the deep-sea and became restricted to it. Surprisingly, the biology of extant polychelidans and the anatomy of all species, fossil and recent, are poorly documented. Here, X-ray microtomography (XTM), applied to an exceptionally well-preserved specimen from the La Voulte Lagerstätte, reveals for the first time vital aspects of the external and internal morphology of Voulteryon parvulus (Eryonidae), a 165-million-year-old polychelidan: 1) its mouthparts (maxillae and maxillipeds), 2) its digestive tract and 3) its reproductive organs. Comparisons with dissected specimens clearly identify this specimen as a female with mature ovaries. This set of new information offers new insights into the feeding and reproductive habits of Mesozoic polychelidans. Contrasting with other Jurassic polychelidans that lived in shallow-water environments, V. parvulus spawned in, and probably inhabited, relatively deep-water environments, as do the survivors of the group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Jauvion
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5276 CNRS, Laboratoire de géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnement, bâtiment GEODE, 2, rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France.
| | - Denis Audo
- Université de Rennes 1, EA 7316, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc CS 74205, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - Sylvain Charbonnier
- Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Centre de Recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P, UMR 7207), Sorbonne Universités-MNHN, CNRS, UPMC-Paris 6, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Jean Vannier
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5276 CNRS, Laboratoire de géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnement, bâtiment GEODE, 2, rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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Vannier J, Schoenemann B, Gillot T, Charbonnier S, Clarkson E. Exceptional preservation of eye structure in arthropod visual predators from the Middle Jurassic. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10320. [PMID: 26785293 PMCID: PMC4735654 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vision has revolutionized the way animals explore their environment and interact with each other and rapidly became a major driving force in animal evolution. However, direct evidence of how ancient animals could perceive their environment is extremely difficult to obtain because internal eye structures are almost never fossilized. Here, we reconstruct with unprecedented resolution the three-dimensional structure of the huge compound eye of a 160-million-year-old thylacocephalan arthropod from the La Voulte exceptional fossil biota in SE France. This arthropod had about 18,000 lenses on each eye, which is a record among extinct and extant arthropods and is surpassed only by modern dragonflies. Combined information about its eyes, internal organs and gut contents obtained by X-ray microtomography lead to the conclusion that this thylacocephalan arthropod was a visual hunter probably adapted to illuminated environments, thus contradicting the hypothesis that La Voulte was a deep-water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Vannier
- Université Lyon 1, UMR 5276 du CNRS, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnement, Bâtiment GEODE, 2, rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Brigitte Schoenemann
- Department of Neurobiology/Animal Physiology, Biocenter Cologne, Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zülpicherstrasse 47b, D-50674 Köln, Germany
- Institute of Biology Education (Zoology), University of Cologne, Herbert Lewinstrasse 2, D-50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Thomas Gillot
- Université Lyon 1, UMR 5276 du CNRS, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnement, Bâtiment GEODE, 2, rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Centre de Géosciences, MINES-ParisTech, 33, rue Saint Honoré, 77300 Fontainebleau, France
| | - Sylvain Charbonnier
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre de Recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P, UMR 7207), Sorbonne Universités-MNHN, CNRS, UPMC-Paris6, Case postale 38, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Euan Clarkson
- University of Edinburgh, School of Geosciences, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, UK
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Studying sources of incongruence in arthropod molecular phylogenies: Sea spiders (Pycnogonida) as a case study. C R Biol 2010; 333:438-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2010.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Revised: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Dunlop JA. Geological history and phylogeny of Chelicerata. ARTHROPOD STRUCTURE & DEVELOPMENT 2010; 39:124-142. [PMID: 20093195 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chelicerata probably appeared during the Cambrian period. Their precise origins remain unclear, but may lie among the so-called great appendage arthropods. By the late Cambrian there is evidence for both Pycnogonida and Euchelicerata. Relationships between the principal euchelicerate lineages are unresolved, but Xiphosura, Eurypterida and Chasmataspidida (the last two extinct), are all known as body fossils from the Ordovician. The fourth group, Arachnida, was found monophyletic in most recent studies. Arachnids are known unequivocally from the Silurian (a putative Ordovician mite remains controversial), and the balance of evidence favours a common, terrestrial ancestor. Recent work recognises four principal arachnid clades: Stethostomata, Haplocnemata, Acaromorpha and Pantetrapulmonata, of which the pantetrapulmonates (spiders and their relatives) are probably the most robust grouping. Stethostomata includes Scorpiones (Silurian-Recent) and Opiliones (Devonian-Recent), while Haplocnemata includes Pseudoscorpiones (Devonian-Recent) and Solifugae (Carboniferous-Recent). Recent works increasingly favour diphyletic mite origins, whereby Acaromorpha comprises Actinotrichida (Devonian-Recent), Anactinotrichida (Cretaceous-Recent) and Ricinulei (Carboniferous-Recent). The positions of the Phalangiotarbida (Devonian-Permian) and Palpigradi (Neogene-Recent) are poorly resolved. Finally, Pantetrapulmonata includes the following groups (listed here in their most widely recovered phylogenetic sequence): Trigonotarbida (Silurian-Permian), Uraraneida (Devonian-Permian), Araneae (Carboniferous-Recent), Haptopoda (Carboniferous), Amblypygi (?Devonian-Recent), Thelyphonida (Carboniferous-Recent) and Schizomida (Paleogene-Recent).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Dunlop
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity at the Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, Berlin, Germany.
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