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Robinson JP, Nash KL, Blanchard JL, Jacobsen NS, Maire E, Graham NA, MacNeil MA, Zamborain‐Mason J, Allison EH, Hicks CC. Managing fisheries for maximum nutrient yield. FISH AND FISHERIES (OXFORD, ENGLAND) 2022; 23:800-811. [PMID: 35912069 PMCID: PMC9303942 DOI: 10.1111/faf.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Wild-caught fish are a bioavailable source of nutritious food that, if managed strategically, could enhance diet quality for billions of people. However, optimising nutrient production from the sea has not been a priority, hindering development of nutrition-sensitive policies. With fisheries management increasingly effective at rebuilding stocks and regulating sustainable fishing, we can now begin to integrate nutritional outcomes within existing management frameworks. Here, we develop a conceptual foundation for managing fisheries for multispecies Maximum Nutrient Yield (mMNY). We empirically test our approach using size-based models of North Sea and Baltic Sea fisheries and show that mMNY is predicted by the relative contribution of nutritious species to total catch and their vulnerability to fishing, leading to trade-offs between catch and specific nutrients. Simulated nutrient yield curves suggest that vitamin D, which is deficient in Northern European diets, was underfished at fishing levels that returned maximum catch weights. Analysis of global catch data shows there is scope for nutrient yields from most of the world's marine fisheries to be enhanced through nutrient-sensitive fisheries management. With nutrient composition data now widely available, we expect our mMNY framework to motivate development of nutrient-based reference points in specific contexts, such as data-limited fisheries. Managing for mMNY alongside policies that promote access to fish could help close nutrient gaps for coastal populations, maximising the contribution of wild-caught fish to global food and nutrition security.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirsty L. Nash
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
- Centre for Marine SocioecologyUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Julia L. Blanchard
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Nis S. Jacobsen
- Technical University of DenmarkNational Institute of Aquatic ResourcesLyngbyDenmark
| | - Eva Maire
- Lancaster Environment CentreLancaster UniversityLancasterUK
| | | | - M. Aaron MacNeil
- Ocean Frontier InstituteDepartment of BiologyDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Jessica Zamborain‐Mason
- College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef StudiesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Edward H. Allison
- Lancaster Environment CentreLancaster UniversityLancasterUK
- WorldFishJalan Batu MaungBatu MaungBayan Lepas, PenangMalaysia
- School of Marine and Environmental AffairsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
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2
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Heilpern SA, Sethi SA, Barthem RB, Batista VDS, Doria CRC, Duponchelle F, Vasquez AG, Goulding M, Isaac V, Naeem S, Flecker AS. Biodiversity underpins fisheries resilience to exploitation in the Amazon river basin. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220726. [PMID: 35673861 PMCID: PMC9174703 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inland fisheries feed greater than 150 million people globally, yet their status is rarely assessed due to their socio-ecological complexity and pervasive lack of data. Here, we leverage an unprecedented landings time series from the Amazon, Earth's largest river basin, together with theoretical food web models to examine (i) taxonomic and trait-based signatures of exploitation in inland fish landings and (ii) implications of changing biodiversity for fisheries resilience. In both landings time series and theory, we find that multi-species exploitation of diverse inland fisheries results in a hump-shaped landings evenness curve. Along this trajectory, abundant and large species are sequentially replaced with faster growing and smaller species. Further theoretical analysis indicates that harvests can be maintained for a period of time but that continued biodiversity depletion reduces the pool of compensating species and consequently diminishes fisheries resilience. Critically, higher fisheries biodiversity can delay fishery collapse. Although existing landings data provide an incomplete snapshot of long-term dynamics, our results suggest that multi-species exploitation is affecting freshwater biodiversity and eroding fisheries resilience in the Amazon. More broadly, we conclude that trends in landings evenness could characterize multi-species fisheries development and aid in assessing their sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian A. Heilpern
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Suresh A. Sethi
- U.S. Geological Survey, New York Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Carolina R. C. Doria
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil,Laboratoire Mixte International – Evolution et Domestication de l'Ichtyofaune Amazonienne (LMI - EDIA), IIAP - UAGRM – IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Duponchelle
- Laboratoire Mixte International – Evolution et Domestication de l'Ichtyofaune Amazonienne (LMI - EDIA), IIAP - UAGRM – IRD, Montpellier, France,Institute of Research for Development (IRD), MARBEC (Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD), Montpellier, France
| | - Aurea García Vasquez
- Laboratoire Mixte International – Evolution et Domestication de l'Ichtyofaune Amazonienne (LMI - EDIA), IIAP - UAGRM – IRD, Montpellier, France,Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
| | | | - Victoria Isaac
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem, Brazil
| | - Shahid Naeem
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander S. Flecker
- Deparment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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3
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Optimal Harvest Problem for Fish Population—Structural Stabilization. MATHEMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/math10060986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The influence of environmental conditions and fishery on a typical pelagic or semi-pelagic fish population is studied. A mathematical model of population dynamics with a size structure is constructed. The problem of the optimal harvest of a population in unstable environment conditions is investigated and an optimality system to the problem research is constructed. The solutions properties in various cases have also been investigated. Environmental conditions influence the fish population through recruitment. Modelling of recruitment rate is made by using a stochastic imitation of environmental conditions. In the case of stationary environment, a population model admits nontrivial equilibrium state. The parameters of fish population are obtained from this equilibrium condition. The variability of environment leads to large oscillations of generation size. The fluctuations of the fish population density follow the dynamics of recruitment rate fluctuations but have smaller gradients than recruitment. The dynamics of the optimal fishing effort is characterized by high variability. The population and the average size of individuals decrease under the influence of fishery. In general, the results of computer calculations indicate the stabilization of the population dynamics under influence of size structure. Optimal harvesting also contributes to stabilization.
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4
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Benoit DM, Giacomini HC, Chu C, Jackson DA. Identifying influential parameters of a multi-species fish size spectrum model for a northern temperate lake through sensitivity analyses. Ecol Modell 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Evaluating management options for two fisheries that conflict through predator–prey interactions of target species. Ecol Modell 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.108740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Zakharova L, Meyer K, Seifan M. Trait-based modelling in ecology: A review of two decades of research. Ecol Modell 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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7
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McGregor VL, Fulton EA, Dunn MR. Spawning stock recruitment creates misleading dynamics under predation release in ecosystem and multi-species models. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7308. [PMID: 31372318 PMCID: PMC6660827 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem and multi-species models are used to understand ecosystem-wide effects of fishing, such as population expansion due to predation release, and further cascading effects. Many are based on fisheries models that focus on a single, depleted population, and may not always behave as expected in a multi-species context. The spawning stock recruitment (SSR) relationship, a curve linking the number of juvenile fish to the existing adult biomass, can produce dynamics that are counter-intuitive and change scenario outcomes. We analysed the Beverton–Holt SSR curve and found a population with low resilience when depleted becomes very productive under persistent predation release. To avoid implausible increases in biomass, we propose limiting recruitment to its unfished level. This allows for specification of resilience when a population is depleted, without sudden and excessive increase when the population expands. We demonstrate this dynamic and solution within an end-to-end ecosystem model, focusing on myctophids under fishing-induced predation release. We present one possible solution, but the specification of stock-recruitment models should continue to be a topic of discussion amongst multi-species and ecosystem modellers and empiricists going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidette L McGregor
- Fisheries, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd, Wellington, New Zealand.,School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Matthew R Dunn
- Fisheries, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd, Wellington, New Zealand
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8
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Climate change impacts on marine ecosystems through the lens of the size spectrum. Emerg Top Life Sci 2019; 3:233-243. [PMID: 33523153 PMCID: PMC7289007 DOI: 10.1042/etls20190042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is a complex global issue that is driving countless shifts in the structure and function of marine ecosystems. To better understand these shifts, many processes need to be considered, yet they are often approached from incompatible perspectives. This article reviews one relatively simple, integrated perspective: the abundance-size spectrum. We introduce the topic with a brief review of some of the ways climate change is expected to impact the marine ecosystem according to complex numerical models while acknowledging the limits to understanding posed by complex models. We then review how the size spectrum offers a simple conceptual alternative, given its regular power law size-frequency distribution when viewed on sufficiently broad scales. We further explore how anticipated physical aspects of climate change might manifest themselves through changes in the elevation, slope and regularity of the size spectrum, exposing mechanistic questions about integrated ecosystem structure, as well as how organism physiology and ecological interactions respond to multiple climatic stressors. Despite its application by ecosystem modellers and fisheries scientists, the size spectrum perspective is not widely used as a tool for monitoring ecosystem adaptation to climate change, providing a major opportunity for further research.
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9
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Lundström NLP, Loeuille N, Meng X, Bodin M, Brännström Å. Meeting Yield and Conservation Objectives by Harvesting Both Juveniles and Adults. Am Nat 2019; 193:373-390. [PMID: 30794450 DOI: 10.1086/701631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable yields that are at least 80% of the maximum sustainable yield are sometimes referred to as "pretty good yields" (PGY). The range of PGY harvesting strategies is generally broad and thus leaves room to account for additional objectives besides high yield. Here, we analyze stage-dependent harvesting strategies that realize PGY with conservation as a second objective. We show that (1) PGY harvesting strategies can give large conservation benefits and (2) equal harvesting rates of juveniles and adults is often a good strategy. These conclusions are based on trade-off curves between yield and four measures of conservation that form in two established population models, one age-structured model and one stage-structured model, when considering different harvesting rates of juveniles and adults. These conclusions hold for a broad range of parameter settings, although our investigation of robustness also reveals that (3) predictions of the age-structured model are more sensitive to variations in parameter values than those of the stage-structured model. Finally, we find that (4) measures of stability that are often quite difficult to assess in the field (e.g., basic reproduction ratio and resilience) are systematically negatively correlated with impacts on biomass and size structure, so that these later quantities can provide integrative signals to detect possible collapses.
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10
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Xia S, Yamakawa T. A size-structured matrix model to simulate dynamics of marine community size spectrum. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198415. [PMID: 29879156 PMCID: PMC5991710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several types of size-based models have been developed to model the size spectra of marine communities, in which abundance scales strongly with body size, using continuous differential equations. In this study, we develop a size-structured matrix model, which can be seen as a discretization of the Mckendrick-von Foerster equation, to simulate the dynamics of marine communities. The developed model uses a series of simple body size power functions to describe the basic processes of predator–prey interactions, reproduction, metabolism, and non-predation mortality based on the principle of mass balance. Linear size spectra with slopes of approximately –1 are successfully reproduced by this model. Several examples of numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the model’s behavior. Size spectra with cut-offs and/or waves are also found for certain parameter values. The matrix model is flexible and can be freely manipulated by users to answer different questions and is executed over a shorter numerical calculation running time than continuous models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Xia
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (SX); (TY)
| | - Takashi Yamakawa
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (SX); (TY)
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11
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Species co-occurrence analysis predicts management outcomes for multiple threats. Nat Ecol Evol 2018; 2:465-474. [PMID: 29403077 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mitigating the impacts of global anthropogenic change on species is conservation's greatest challenge. Forecasting the effects of actions to mitigate threats is hampered by incomplete information on species' responses. We develop an approach to predict community restructuring under threat management, which combines models of responses to threats with network analyses of species co-occurrence. We discover that contributions by species to network co-occurrence predict their recovery under reduction of multiple threats. Highly connected species are likely to benefit more from threat management than poorly connected species. Importantly, we show that information from a few species on co-occurrence and expected responses to alternative threat management actions can be used to train a response model for an entire community. We use a unique management dataset for a threatened bird community to validate our predictions and, in doing so, demonstrate positive feedbacks in occurrence and co-occurrence resulting from shared threat management responses during ecosystem recovery.
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12
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Climate vulnerability and resilience in the most valuable North American fishery. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:1831-1836. [PMID: 29358389 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1711122115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Managing natural resources in an era of increasing climate impacts requires accounting for the synergistic effects of climate, ecosystem changes, and harvesting on resource productivity. Coincident with recent exceptional warming of the northwest Atlantic Ocean and removal of large predatory fish, the American lobster has become the most valuable fishery resource in North America. Using a model that links ocean temperature, predator density, and fishing to population productivity, we show that harvester-driven conservation efforts to protect large lobsters prepared the Gulf of Maine lobster fishery to capitalize on favorable ecosystem conditions, resulting in the record-breaking landings recently observed in the region. In contrast, in the warmer southern New England region, the absence of similar conservation efforts precipitated warming-induced recruitment failure that led to the collapse of the fishery. Population projections under expected warming suggest that the American lobster fishery is vulnerable to future temperature increases, but continued efforts to preserve the stock's reproductive potential can dampen the negative impacts of warming. This study demonstrates that, even though global climate change is severely impacting marine ecosystems, widely adopted, proactive conservation measures can increase the resilience of commercial fisheries to climate change.
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13
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Ecosystem approach to fisheries: Exploring environmental and trophic effects on Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) reference point estimates. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185575. [PMID: 28957387 PMCID: PMC5619794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of estimation of fisheries Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) reference points using an ecosystem model built for Mille Lacs Lake, the second largest lake within Minnesota, USA. Data from single-species modelling output, extensive annual sampling for species abundances, annual catch-survey, stomach-content analysis for predatory-prey interactions, and expert opinions were brought together within the framework of an Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) ecosystem model. An increase in the lake water temperature was observed in the last few decades; therefore, we also incorporated a temperature forcing function in the EwE model to capture the influences of changing temperature on the species composition and food web. The EwE model was fitted to abundance and catch time-series for the period 1985 to 2006. Using the ecosystem model, we estimated reference points for most of the fished species in the lake at single-species as well as ecosystem levels with and without considering the influence of temperature change; therefore, our analysis investigated the trophic and temperature effects on the reference points. The paper concludes that reference points such as MSY are not stationary, but change when (1) environmental conditions alter species productivity and (2) fishing on predators alters the compensatory response of their prey. Thus, it is necessary for the management to re-estimate or re-evaluate the reference points when changes in environmental conditions and/or major shifts in species abundance or community structure are observed.
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14
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Tromeur E, Loeuille N. Balancing yield with resilience and conservation objectives in harvested predator-prey communities. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.03985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Tromeur
- Sorbonne Univ., UPMC Univ Paris 06, Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris-Est Créteil, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Inst. of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES Paris), 7 quai St Bernard, FR-75252; Paris France
- AgroParisTech, Univ Paris-Saclay; Paris France
| | - Nicolas Loeuille
- Sorbonne Univ., UPMC Univ Paris 06, Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris-Est Créteil, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Inst. of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES Paris), 7 quai St Bernard, FR-75252; Paris France
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15
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Blanchard JL, Heneghan RF, Everett JD, Trebilco R, Richardson AJ. From Bacteria to Whales: Using Functional Size Spectra to Model Marine Ecosystems. Trends Ecol Evol 2017; 32:174-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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17
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Exploring the structural and functional properties of the Lake Victoria food web, and the role of fisheries, using a mass balance model. Ecol Modell 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Edwards AM, Robinson JPW, Plank MJ, Baum JK, Blanchard JL. Testing and recommending methods for fitting size spectra to data. Methods Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Edwards
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada 3190 Hammond Bay Road Nanaimo BC V9T 6N7 Canada
- Department of Biology University of Victoria PO Box 1700 STN CSC Victoria BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - James P. W. Robinson
- Department of Biology University of Victoria PO Box 1700 STN CSC Victoria BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Michael J. Plank
- School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Canterbury Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
- Te Pūnaha Matatini, a New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence University of Auckland Auckland 1011 New Zealand
| | - Julia K. Baum
- Department of Biology University of Victoria PO Box 1700 STN CSC Victoria BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Julia L. Blanchard
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Private Bag 129 Hobart TAS 7001 Australia
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19
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Walters C, Christensen V, Fulton B, Smith AD, Hilborn R. Predictions from simple predator-prey theory about impacts of harvesting forage fishes. Ecol Modell 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Bush ER, Short RE, Milner‐Gulland EJ, Lennox K, Samoilys M, Hill N. Mosquito Net Use in an Artisanal East African Fishery. Conserv Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emma R. Bush
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural SciencesUniversity of Stirling Stirling Scotland FK9 4LA UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonSilwood Park Campus Buckhurst Road Ascot SL5 7PY UK
| | - Rebecca E. Short
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonSilwood Park Campus Buckhurst Road Ascot SL5 7PY UK
- Institute of ZoologyZoological Society of London Regent's Park London NW1 4RY UK
| | - E. J. Milner‐Gulland
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonSilwood Park Campus Buckhurst Road Ascot SL5 7PY UK
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PS UK
| | | | | | - Nicholas Hill
- Conservation ProgrammesZoological Society of London Regent's Park London NW1 4RY UK
- Centre for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of Exeter Penryn Cornwall TR10 9EZ UK
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21
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The efficacy of fisheries closure in rebuilding depleted stocks: Lessons from size-spectrum modeling. Ecol Modell 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Scott F, Blanchard JL, Andersen KH. mizer: an R package for multispecies, trait-based and community size spectrum ecological modelling. Methods Ecol Evol 2014; 5:1121-1125. [PMID: 25866613 PMCID: PMC4384942 DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Size spectrum ecological models are representations of a community of individuals which grow and change trophic level. A key emergent feature of these models is the size spectrum; the total abundance of all individuals that scales negatively with size. The models we focus on are designed to capture fish community dynamics useful for assessing the community impacts of fishing.We present mizer, an R package for implementing dynamic size spectrum ecological models of an entire aquatic community subject to fishing. Multiple fishing gears can be defined and fishing mortality can change through time making it possible to simulate a range of exploitation strategies and management options.mizer implements three versions of the size spectrum modelling framework: the community model, where individuals are only characterized by their size; the trait-based model, where individuals are further characterized by their asymptotic size; and the multispecies model where additional trait differences are resolved.A range of plot, community indicator and summary methods are available to inspect the results of the simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finlay Scott
- Maritime Affairs Unit, IPSC, European Commission Joint Research Centre Via Enrico Fermi 2749, I - 21027, Ispra (VA), Italy ; Centre for the Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Julia L Blanchard
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Ken H Andersen
- Centre for Ocean Life, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark 2920 Charlottenlund Slot, Charlottenlund, Denmark
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