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Manning Smith R, Alonso-Chavez V, Helps J, Shaw MW, van den Bosch F. Modelling lifestyle changes in Insect endosymbionts, from insect mutualist to plant pathogen. Evol Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-020-10071-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSeveral insect endosymbionts have evolved to become plant pathogens, but the causes of this transition are currently unknown. In this paper, we use adaptive dynamics to develop hypotheses to explain why an insect endosymbiont would evolve to become a plant pathogen. We develop a model of facultative insect endosymbionts, capable of both vertical transmission within the insect population and horizontal transmission between insect and plant populations. We assume that an evolutionary trade-off between vertical and horizontal transmission exists. The transmission method of an endosymbiont is correlated with the nature of the symbiotic relationship between host and symbiont. We assume that vertical transmission represents an insect endosymbiont lifestyle and horizontal transmission represents a plant pathogen lifestyle. Our results suggest that temperature increases, increased agricultural intensification, disease dynamics within the plant host, insect mating system and change in the host plant of the insect may influence an evolutionary transition from an insect endosymbiont to a plant pathogen.
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Luo J, Liu MX, Ren QY, Chen Z, Tian ZC, Hao JW, Wu F, Liu XC, Luo JX, Yin H, Wang H, Liu GY. Micropathogen Community Analysis in Hyalomma rufipes via High-Throughput Sequencing of Small RNAs. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:374. [PMID: 28861401 PMCID: PMC5559533 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ticks are important vectors in the transmission of a broad range of micropathogens to vertebrates, including humans. Because of the role of ticks in disease transmission, identifying and characterizing the micropathogen profiles of tick populations have become increasingly important. The objective of this study was to survey the micropathogens of Hyalomma rufipes ticks. Illumina HiSeq2000 technology was utilized to perform deep sequencing of small RNAs (sRNAs) extracted from field-collected H. rufipes ticks in Gansu Province, China. The resultant sRNA library data revealed that the surveyed tick populations produced reads that were homologous to St. Croix River Virus (SCRV) sequences. We also observed many reads that were homologous to microbial and/or pathogenic isolates, including bacteria, protozoa, and fungi. As part of this analysis, a phylogenetic tree was constructed to display the relationships among the homologous sequences that were identified. The study offered a unique opportunity to gain insight into the micropathogens of H. rufipes ticks. The effective control of arthropod vectors in the future will require knowledge of the micropathogen composition of vectors harboring infectious agents. Understanding the ecological factors that regulate vector propagation in association with the prevalence and persistence of micropathogen lineages is also imperative. These interactions may affect the evolution of micropathogen lineages, especially if the micropathogens rely on the vector or host for dispersal. The sRNA deep-sequencing approach used in this analysis provides an intuitive method to survey micropathogen prevalence in ticks and other vector species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Min-Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Qiao-Yun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Ze Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Zhan-Cheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Jia-Wei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Cui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Jian-Xun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China.,Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)Wallingford, United Kingdom.,Department of Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of OxfordOxford, United Kingdom
| | - Guang-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China
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Ferdy JB, Liu N, Sicard M. Transmission modes and the evolution of feminizing symbionts. J Evol Biol 2016; 29:2395-2409. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.-B. Ferdy
- Évolution et Diversité Biologique; UMR 5174 CNRS-UPS Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse Cedex 9 France
| | - N. Liu
- Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan; Saskatoon SK Canada
| | - M. Sicard
- Écologie et Biologie des Interactions; Équipe Écologie Évolution Symbiose; Université de Poitiers; UMR CNRS 7267; Poitiers Cedex France
- Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution; UMR 5554 CNRS-IRD-Université de Montpellier; Montpellier Cedex France
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Affiliation(s)
- Luděk Berec
- Department of Biosystematics and Ecology; Biology Centre CAS; Institute of Entomology; Branišovská 31 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science; Institute of Mathematics and Biomathematics; University of South Bohemia; Branišovská 1760 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Maxin
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Valparaiso University; 1900 Chapel Drive Valparaiso IN 46383 USA
| | - Veronika Bernhauerová
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Masaryk University; Kotlářská 2 61137 Brno Czech Republic
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