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Wadop Ngouongo YJ, Djolieu Funaye M, Djuidjé Kenmoé G, Kofané TC. Stochastic resonance in deformable potential with time-delayed feedback. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2021; 379:20200234. [PMID: 33455548 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the stochastic resonance (SR) phenomenon with memory effects for a Brownian particle in a potential whose shape is subjected to deformation. We model the deformation in the system by the Remoissenet-Peyrard potential and the memory effects by the time-delayed feedback. The question of the possible influence of time-delayed feedback on the occurrence of SR is then of our interest. We examine numerically the effect of feedback strength as well as time delay on SR phenomenon in terms of hysteresis loop area. It is found that time-delayed feedback has a significant effect on SR and can induce double resonances in the system. We show that the properties of SR are varying, depending on interdependence between feedback strength, time delay and shape parameter. This article is part of the theme issue 'Vibrational and stochastic resonance in driven nonlinear systems (part 1)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Wadop Ngouongo
- Laboratory of Mechanics, Materials and Structures, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, PO Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - M Djolieu Funaye
- Laboratory of Mechanics, Materials and Structures, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, PO Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - G Djuidjé Kenmoé
- Laboratory of Mechanics, Materials and Structures, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, PO Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - T C Kofané
- Laboratory of Mechanics, Materials and Structures, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, PO Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
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2
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Mao X, Li X, Ding W, Wang S, Zhou X, Qiao L. Dynamics of a multiplex neural network with delayed couplings. APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS 2021; 42:441-456. [PMID: 33551533 PMCID: PMC7852048 DOI: 10.1007/s10483-021-2709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multiplex networks have drawn much attention since they have been observed in many systems, e.g., brain, transport, and social relationships. In this paper, the nonlinear dynamics of a multiplex network with three neural groups and delayed interactions is studied. The stability and bifurcation of the network equilibrium are discussed, and interesting neural activities of the network are explored. Based on the neuron circuit, transfer function circuit, and time delay circuit, a circuit platform of the network is constructed. It is shown that delayed couplings play crucial roles in the network dynamics, e.g., the enhancement and suppression of the stability, the patterns of the synchronization between networks, and the generation of complicated attractors and multi-stability coexistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Mao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100 China
| | - Xingyong Li
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100 China
| | - Weijie Ding
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100 China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100 China
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100 China
| | - Lei Qiao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100 China
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3
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Protachevicz PR, Borges FS, Iarosz KC, Baptista MS, Lameu EL, Hansen M, Caldas IL, Szezech JD, Batista AM, Kurths J. Influence of Delayed Conductance on Neuronal Synchronization. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1053. [PMID: 33013451 PMCID: PMC7494968 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the brain, the excitation-inhibition balance prevents abnormal synchronous behavior. However, known synaptic conductance intensity can be insufficient to account for the undesired synchronization. Due to this fact, we consider time delay in excitatory and inhibitory conductances and study its effect on the neuronal synchronization. In this work, we build a neuronal network composed of adaptive integrate-and-fire neurons coupled by means of delayed conductances. We observe that the time delay in the excitatory and inhibitory conductivities can alter both the state of the collective behavior (synchronous or desynchronous) and its type (spike or burst). For the weak coupling regime, we find that synchronization appears associated with neurons behaving with extremes highest and lowest mean firing frequency, in contrast to when desynchronization is present when neurons do not exhibit extreme values for the firing frequency. Synchronization can also be characterized by neurons presenting either the highest or the lowest levels in the mean synaptic current. For the strong coupling, synchronous burst activities can occur for delays in the inhibitory conductivity. For approximately equal-length delays in the excitatory and inhibitory conductances, desynchronous spikes activities are identified for both weak and strong coupling regimes. Therefore, our results show that not only the conductance intensity, but also short delays in the inhibitory conductance are relevant to avoid abnormal neuronal synchronization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R Protachevicz
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Science-Physics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Fernando S Borges
- Center for Mathematics, Computation, and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kelly C Iarosz
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Telêmaco Borba, FATEB, Telêmaco Borba, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Murilo S Baptista
- Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, SUPA, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Ewandson L Lameu
- Cell Biology and Anatomy Department, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Matheus Hansen
- Graduate Program in Science-Physics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Iberê L Caldas
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José D Szezech
- Graduate Program in Science-Physics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Antonio M Batista
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Science-Physics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Jürgen Kurths
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.,Department Complexity Science, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
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4
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Mittal S, Mukhopadhyay A, Chakraborty S. Evolutionary dynamics of the delayed replicator-mutator equation: Limit cycle and cooperation. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:042410. [PMID: 32422824 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.042410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Game theory deals with strategic interactions among players and evolutionary game dynamics tracks the fate of the players' populations under selection. In this paper, we consider the replicator equation for two-player-two-strategy games involving cooperators and defectors. We modify the equation to include the effect of mutation and also delay that corresponds either to the delayed information about the population state or in realizing the effect of interaction among players. By focusing on the four exhaustive classes of symmetrical games-the Stag Hunt game, the Snowdrift game, the Prisoners' Dilemma game, and the Harmony game-we analytically and numerically analyze the delayed replicator-mutator equation to find the explicit condition for the Hopf bifurcation bringing forth stable limit cycle. The existence of the asymptotically stable limit cycle imply the coexistence of the cooperators and the defectors; and in the games, where defection is a stable Nash strategy, a stable limit cycle does provide a mechanism for evolution of cooperation. We find that while mutation alone can never lead to oscillatory cooperation state in two-player-two-strategy games, the delay can change the scenario. On the other hand, there are situations when delay alone cannot lead to the Hopf bifurcation in the absence of mutation in the selection dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Mittal
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Archan Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Sagar Chakraborty
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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5
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Rombouts J, Gelens L, Erneux T. Travelling fronts in time-delayed reaction-diffusion systems. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2019; 377:20180127. [PMID: 31329070 PMCID: PMC6661327 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2018.0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We review a series of key travelling front problems in reaction-diffusion systems with a time-delayed feedback, appearing in ecology, nonlinear optics and neurobiology. For each problem, we determine asymptotic approximations for the wave shape and its speed. Particular attention is devoted to their validity and all analytical solutions are compared to solutions obtained numerically. We also extend the work by Erneux et al. (Erneux et al. 2010 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368, 483-493 (doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0228)) by considering the case of a slowly propagating front subject to a weak delayed feedback. The delay may either speed up the front in the same direction or reverse its direction. This article is part of the theme issue 'Nonlinear dynamics of delay systems'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rombouts
- Laboratory of Dynamics in Biological Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lendert Gelens
- Laboratory of Dynamics in Biological Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Erneux
- Optique Nonlinéaire Théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Plaine C.P. 231, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
- e-mail:
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6
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Zhang L, Stepan G, Insperger T. Saturation limits the contribution of acceleration feedback to balancing against reaction delay. J R Soc Interface 2019; 15:rsif.2017.0771. [PMID: 29386400 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A nonlinear model for human balancing subjected to a saturated delayed proportional-derivative-acceleration (PDA) feedback is analysed. Compared to the proportional-derivative (PD) controller, it is confirmed that the PDA controller improves local stability even for large feedback delays. However, it is shown that the saturated PDA controller typically introduces subcritical Hopf bifurcation into the system, which can also lead to falling for large enough perturbations. The subcriticality becomes stronger as the acceleration feedback gain increases or the saturation torque limit decreases. These explain some features of human balancing failure related to the increased reaction delay of inactive elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, People's Republic of China
| | - Gabor Stepan
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamas Insperger
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary.,Economics and MTA-BME Lendület Human Balancing Research Group, 1521 Budapest, Hungary
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7
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Erneux T, Javaloyes J, Wolfrum M, Yanchuk S. Introduction to Focus Issue: Time-delay dynamics. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2017; 27:114201. [PMID: 29195312 DOI: 10.1063/1.5011354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The field of dynamical systems with time delay is an active research area that connects practically all scientific disciplines including mathematics, physics, engineering, biology, neuroscience, physiology, economics, and many others. This Focus Issue brings together contributions from both experimental and theoretical groups and emphasizes a large variety of applications. In particular, lasers and optoelectronic oscillators subject to time-delayed feedbacks have been explored by several authors for their specific dynamical output, but also because they are ideal test-beds for experimental studies of delay induced phenomena. Topics include the control of cavity solitons, as light spots in spatially extended systems, new devices for chaos communication or random number generation, higher order locking phenomena between delay and laser oscillation period, and systematic bifurcation studies of mode-locked laser systems. Moreover, two original theoretical approaches are explored for the so-called Low Frequency Fluctuations, a particular chaotical regime in laser output which has attracted a lot of interest for more than 30 years. Current hot problems such as the synchronization properties of networks of delay-coupled units, novel stabilization techniques, and the large delay limit of a delay differential equation are also addressed in this special issue. In addition, analytical and numerical tools for bifurcation problems with or without noise and two reviews on concrete questions are proposed. The first review deals with the rich dynamics of simple delay climate models for El Nino Southern Oscillations, and the second review concentrates on neuromorphic photonic circuits where optical elements are used to emulate spiking neurons. Finally, two interesting biological problems are considered in this Focus Issue, namely, multi-strain epidemic models and the interaction of glucose and insulin for more effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Erneux
- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Julien Javaloyes
- Departament de Fisica, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | - Serhiy Yanchuk
- Institute of Mathematics, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Romeira B, Figueiredo JML, Javaloyes J. Delay dynamics of neuromorphic optoelectronic nanoscale resonators: Perspectives and applications. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2017; 27:114323. [PMID: 29195310 DOI: 10.1063/1.5008888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With the recent exponential growth of applications using artificial intelligence (AI), the development of efficient and ultrafast brain-like (neuromorphic) systems is crucial for future information and communication technologies. While the implementation of AI systems using computer algorithms of neural networks is emerging rapidly, scientists are just taking the very first steps in the development of the hardware elements of an artificial brain, specifically neuromorphic microchips. In this review article, we present the current state of the art of neuromorphic photonic circuits based on solid-state optoelectronic oscillators formed by nanoscale double barrier quantum well resonant tunneling diodes. We address, both experimentally and theoretically, the key dynamic properties of recently developed artificial solid-state neuron microchips with delayed perturbations and describe their role in the study of neural activity and regenerative memory. This review covers our recent research work on excitable and delay dynamic characteristics of both single and autaptic (delayed) artificial neurons including all-or-none response, spike-based data encoding, storage, signal regeneration and signal healing. Furthermore, the neural responses of these neuromorphic microchips display all the signatures of extended spatio-temporal localized structures (LSs) of light, which are reviewed here in detail. By taking advantage of the dissipative nature of LSs, we demonstrate potential applications in optical data reconfiguration and clock and timing at high-speeds and with short transients. The results reviewed in this article are a key enabler for the development of high-performance optoelectronic devices in future high-speed brain-inspired optical memories and neuromorphic computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Romeira
- Centro de Electrónica, Optoelectrónica e Telecomunicações (CEOT), Departmento de Física, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - José M L Figueiredo
- Centro de Electrónica, Optoelectrónica e Telecomunicações (CEOT), Departmento de Física, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Julien Javaloyes
- Departament de Física, Universitat de les Illes Balears, C/Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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9
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Weicker L, Friart G, Erneux T. Two distinct bifurcation routes for delayed optoelectronic oscillators. Phys Rev E 2017; 96:032206. [PMID: 29346867 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.032206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the coexistence of low- and high-frequency oscillations in a delayed optoelectronic oscillator. We identify two nearby Hopf bifurcation points exhibiting low and high frequencies and demonstrate analytically how they lead to stable solutions. We then show numerically that these two branches of solutions undergo higher order instabilities as the feedback rate is increased but remain separated in the bifurcation diagram. The two bifurcation routes can be followed independently by either progressively increasing or decreasing the bifurcation parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Weicker
- Chair in Photonics, LMOPS, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, F-57070 Metz, France
- Chair in Photonics, LMOPS, CentraleSupélec, Université de Lorraine, F-57070 Metz, France
| | - Gaetan Friart
- Optique Nonlinéaire Théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Plaine, CP 231, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Thomas Erneux
- Optique Nonlinéaire Théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Plaine, CP 231, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
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10
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Müller D, Otto A, Radons G. From dynamical systems with time-varying delay to circle maps and Koopman operators. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:062214. [PMID: 28709184 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.062214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the influence of the retarded access by a time-varying delay on the dynamics of delay systems. We show that there are two universality classes of delays, which lead to fundamental differences in dynamical quantities such as the Lyapunov spectrum. Therefore, we introduce an operator theoretic framework, where the solution operator of the delay system is decomposed into the Koopman operator describing the delay access and an operator similar to the solution operator known from systems with constant delay. The Koopman operator corresponds to an iterated map, called access map, which is defined by the iteration of the delayed argument of the delay equation. The dynamics of this one-dimensional iterated map determines the universality classes of the infinite-dimensional state dynamics governed by the delay differential equation. In this way, we connect the theory of time-delay systems with the theory of circle maps and the framework of the Koopman operator. In this paper, we extend our previous work [A. Otto, D. Müller, and G. Radons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 044104 (2017)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.118.044104] by elaborating the mathematical details and presenting further results also on the Lyapunov vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Müller
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Andreas Otto
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Günter Radons
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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11
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Romeira B, Avó R, Figueiredo JML, Barland S, Javaloyes J. Regenerative memory in time-delayed neuromorphic photonic resonators. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19510. [PMID: 26781583 PMCID: PMC4726037 DOI: 10.1038/srep19510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate a photonic regenerative memory based upon a neuromorphic oscillator with a delayed self-feedback (autaptic) connection. We disclose the existence of a unique temporal response characteristic of localized structures enabling an ideal support for bits in an optical buffer memory for storage and reshaping of data information. We link our experimental implementation, based upon a nanoscale nonlinear resonant tunneling diode driving a laser, to the paradigm of neuronal activity, the FitzHugh-Nagumo model with delayed feedback. This proof-of-concept photonic regenerative memory might constitute a building block for a new class of neuron-inspired photonic memories that can handle high bit-rate optical signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Romeira
- Centro de Electrónica, Optoelectrónica e Telecomunicações (CEOT), Departmento de Física, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - R Avó
- Centro de Electrónica, Optoelectrónica e Telecomunicações (CEOT), Departmento de Física, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - José M L Figueiredo
- Centro de Electrónica, Optoelectrónica e Telecomunicações (CEOT), Departmento de Física, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - S Barland
- Institut Non-Linéaire de Nice, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS UMR 7335, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - J Javaloyes
- Departament de Física, Universitat de les Illes Baleares, C/Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Mallorca, Spain
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12
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Kantner M, Schöll E, Yanchuk S. Delay-induced patterns in a two-dimensional lattice of coupled oscillators. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8522. [PMID: 25687789 PMCID: PMC4330535 DOI: 10.1038/srep08522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We show how a variety of stable spatio-temporal periodic patterns can be created in 2D-lattices of coupled oscillators with non-homogeneous coupling delays. The results are illustrated using the FitzHugh-Nagumo coupled neurons as well as coupled limit cycle (Stuart-Landau) oscillators. A “hybrid dispersion relation” is introduced, which describes the stability of the patterns in spatially extended systems with large time-delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kantner
- Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics, Mohrenstr. 39, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckehard Schöll
- Technical University of Berlin, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Serhiy Yanchuk
- Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics, Mohrenstr. 39, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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13
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Weicker L, Erneux T, Rosin DP, Gauthier DJ. Multirhythmicity in an optoelectronic oscillator with large delay. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:012910. [PMID: 25679685 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.012910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An optoelectronic oscillator exhibiting a large delay in its feedback loop is studied both experimentally and theoretically. We show that multiple square-wave oscillations may coexist for the same values of the parameters (multirhythmicity). Depending on the sign of the phase shift, these regimes admit either periods close to an integer fraction of the delay or periods close to an odd integer fraction of twice the delay. These periodic solutions emerge from successive Hopf bifurcation points and stabilize at a finite amplitude following a scenario similar to Eckhaus instability in spatially extended systems. We find quantitative agreements between experiments and numerical simulations. The linear stability of the square waves is substantiated analytically by determining the stable fixed points of a map.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Weicker
- Optique Nonlinéaire Théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Plaine, CP 231, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium and Applied Physics Research Group (APHY), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium and OPTEL Research Group, CentraleSupélec, LMOPS (EA 4423), 2 rue Édouard Belin, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Thomas Erneux
- Optique Nonlinéaire Théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Plaine, CP 231, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - David P Rosin
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Daniel J Gauthier
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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14
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Zhang T, Zang H. Delay-induced Turing instability in reaction-diffusion equations. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 90:052908. [PMID: 25493859 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.052908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Time delays have been commonly used in modeling biological systems and can significantly change the dynamics of these systems. Quite a few works have been focused on analyzing the effect of small delays on the pattern formation of biological systems. In this paper, we investigate the effect of any delay on the formation of Turing patterns of reaction-diffusion equations. First, for a delay system in a general form, we propose a technique calculating the critical value of the time delay, above which a Turing instability occurs. Then we apply the technique to a predator-prey model and study the pattern formation of the model due to the delay. For the model in question, we find that when the time delay is small it has a uniform steady state or irregular patterns, which are not of Turing type; however, in the presence of a large delay we find spiral patterns of Turing type. For such a model, we also find that the critical delay is a decreasing function of the ratio of carrying capacity to half saturation of the prey density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonghua Zhang
- Department of Mathematics, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hong Zang
- Hubei Key Lab of Intelligent Robot, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
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15
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Porte X, D'Huys O, Jüngling T, Brunner D, Soriano MC, Fischer I. Autocorrelation properties of chaotic delay dynamical systems: A study on semiconductor lasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 90:052911. [PMID: 25493862 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.052911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed experimental characterization of the autocorrelation properties of a delayed feedback semiconductor laser for different dynamical regimes. We show that in many cases the autocorrelation function of laser intensity dynamics can be approximated by the analytically derived autocorrelation function obtained from a linear stochastic model with delay. We extract a set of dynamic parameters from the fit with the analytic solutions and discuss the limits of validity of our approximation. The linear model captures multiple fundamental properties of delay systems, such as the shift and asymmetric broadening of the different delay echoes. Thus, our analysis provides significant additional insight into the relevant physical and dynamical properties of delayed feedback lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Porte
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos, IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Campus Universitat Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Otti D'Huys
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Jüngling
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos, IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Campus Universitat Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Daniel Brunner
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos, IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Campus Universitat Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel C Soriano
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos, IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Campus Universitat Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos, IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Campus Universitat Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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D'Huys O, Jüngling T, Kinzel W. Stochastic switching in delay-coupled oscillators. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 90:032918. [PMID: 25314515 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.032918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A delay is known to induce multistability in periodic systems. Under influence of noise, coupled oscillators can switch between coexistent orbits with different frequencies and different oscillation patterns. For coupled phase oscillators we reduce the delay system to a nondelayed Langevin equation, which allows us to analytically compute the distribution of frequencies and their corresponding residence times. The number of stable periodic orbits scales with the roundtrip delay time and coupling strength, but the noisy system visits only a fraction of the orbits, which scales with the square root of the delay time and is independent of the coupling strength. In contrast, the residence time in the different orbits is mainly determined by the coupling strength and the number of oscillators, and only weakly dependent on the coupling delay. Finally we investigate the effect of a detuning between the oscillators. We demonstrate the generality of our results with delay-coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otti D'Huys
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Jüngling
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos, IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Campus Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Kinzel
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Weicker L, Erneux T, Keuninckx L, Danckaert J. Analytical and experimental study of two delay-coupled excitable units. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 89:012908. [PMID: 24580298 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.012908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the onset of time-periodic oscillations for a system of two identical delay-coupled excitable (nonoscillatory) units. We first analyze these solutions by using asymptotic methods. The oscillations are described as relaxation oscillations exhibiting successive slow and fast changes. The analysis highlights the determinant role of the delay during the fast transition layers. We then study experimentally a system of two coupled electronic circuits that is modeled mathematically by the same delay differential equations. We obtain quantitative agreements between analytical and experimental bifurcation diagrams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Weicker
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Optique Nonlinéaire Théorique, Campus Plaine, C. P. 231, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Thomas Erneux
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Optique Nonlinéaire Théorique, Campus Plaine, C. P. 231, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Lars Keuninckx
- Applied Physics Research Group (APHY), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Jan Danckaert
- Applied Physics Research Group (APHY), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
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18
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D'Huys O, Fischer I, Danckaert J, Vicente R. Spectral and correlation properties of rings of delay-coupled elements: comparing linear and nonlinear systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:056209. [PMID: 23004845 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.056209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The dynamical properties of delay-coupled systems are currently of great interest. So far the analysis has concentrated primarily on identical synchronization properties. Here we study the dynamics of rings of delay-coupled nodes, a topology that cannot show identical synchronization, and compare its properties to those of linear stochastic maps. We find that, in the long delay limit, the correlation functions and spectra of delay-coupled rings of nonlinear systems obey the same scaling laws as linear systems, indicating that important properties of the emerging solution result from network topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- O D'Huys
- Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
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19
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Weicker L, Erneux T, Jacquot M, Chembo Y, Larger L. Crenelated fast oscillatory outputs of a two-delay electro-optic oscillator. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:026206. [PMID: 22463299 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.026206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An electro-optic oscillator subject to two distinct delayed feedbacks has been designed to develop pronounced broadband chaotic output. Its route to chaos starts with regular pulsating gigahertz oscillations that we investigate both experimentally and theoretically. Of particular physical interest are the transitions to various crenelated fast time-periodic oscillations, prior to the onset of chaotic regimes. The two-delay problem is described mathematically by two coupled delay-differential equations, which we analyze by using multiple-time-scale methods. We show that the interplay of a large delay and a relatively small delay is responsible for the onset of fast oscillations modulated by a slowly varying square-wave envelope. As the bifurcation parameter progressively increases, this envelope undergoes a sequence of bifurcations that corresponds to successive fixed points of a sine map.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Weicker
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Optique Nonlinéaire Théorique, Campus Plaine, Code Postal 231, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
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20
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Batzel JJ, Kappel F. Time delay in physiological systems: analyzing and modeling its impact. Math Biosci 2011; 234:61-74. [PMID: 21945380 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2011] [Revised: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This article examines the functional and clinical impact of time delays that arise in human physiological systems, especially control systems. An overview of the mathematical and physiological contexts for considering time delays will be illustrated, from the system level to cell level, by examining models that incorporate time delays. This examination will highlight how such delays in combination with other system structures and parameters influence system dynamics. Model analysis that reveals the influence of delays can also reveal related physiological effects which may have medical consequences and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry J Batzel
- Institute for Mathematics and Scientific Computing, University of Graz, Austria.
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21
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Effect of the topology and delayed interactions in neuronal networks synchronization. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19900. [PMID: 21637767 PMCID: PMC3103524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As important as the intrinsic properties of an individual nervous cell stands the network of neurons in which it is embedded and by virtue of which it acquires great part of its responsiveness and functionality. In this study we have explored how the topological properties and conduction delays of several classes of neural networks affect the capacity of their constituent cells to establish well-defined temporal relations among firing of their action potentials. This ability of a population of neurons to produce and maintain a millisecond-precise coordinated firing (either evoked by external stimuli or internally generated) is central to neural codes exploiting precise spike timing for the representation and communication of information. Our results, based on extensive simulations of conductance-based type of neurons in an oscillatory regime, indicate that only certain topologies of networks allow for a coordinated firing at a local and long-range scale simultaneously. Besides network architecture, axonal conduction delays are also observed to be another important factor in the generation of coherent spiking. We report that such communication latencies not only set the phase difference between the oscillatory activity of remote neural populations but determine whether the interconnected cells can set in any coherent firing at all. In this context, we have also investigated how the balance between the network synchronizing effects and the dispersive drift caused by inhomogeneities in natural firing frequencies across neurons is resolved. Finally, we show that the observed roles of conduction delays and frequency dispersion are not particular to canonical networks but experimentally measured anatomical networks such as the macaque cortical network can display the same type of behavior.
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Masoller C, Rosso OA. Quantifying the complexity of the delayed logistic map. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2011; 369:425-438. [PMID: 21149381 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Statistical complexity measures are used to quantify the degree of complexity of the delayed logistic map, with linear and nonlinear feedback. We employ two methods for calculating the complexity measures, one with the 'histogram-based' probability distribution function and the other one with ordinal patterns. We show that these methods provide complementary information about the complexity of the delay-induced dynamics: there are parameter regions where the histogram-based complexity is zero while the ordinal pattern complexity is not, and vice versa. We also show that the time series generated from the nonlinear delayed logistic map can present zero missing or forbidden patterns, i.e. all possible ordinal patterns are realized into orbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Masoller
- Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear, Escola Tecnica Superior d'Enginyeries Industrial i Aeronautica de Terrassa, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Colom 11, 08222 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
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D'Huys O, Vicente R, Danckaert J, Fischer I. Amplitude and phase effects on the synchronization of delay-coupled oscillators. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2010; 20:043127. [PMID: 21198097 DOI: 10.1063/1.3518363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We consider the behavior of Stuart-Landau oscillators as generic limit-cycle oscillators when they are interacting with delay. We investigate the role of amplitude and phase instabilities in producing symmetry-breaking/restoring transitions. Using analytical and numerical methods we compare the dynamics of one oscillator with delayed feedback, two oscillators mutually coupled with delay, and two delay-coupled elements with self-feedback. Taking only the phase dynamics into account, no chaotic dynamics is observed, and the stability of the identical synchronization solution is the same in each of the three studied networks of delay-coupled elements. When allowing for a variable oscillation amplitude, the delay can induce amplitude instabilities. We provide analytical proof that, in case of two mutually coupled elements, the onset of an amplitude instability always results in antiphase oscillations, leading to a leader-laggard behavior in the chaotic regime. Adding self-feedback with the same strength and delay as the coupling stabilizes the system in the transverse direction and, thus, promotes the onset of identically synchronized behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- O D'Huys
- Department of Physics (DNTK), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussel, Belgium.
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