Hamiltonian flow over saddles for exploring molecular phase space structures

Structurally Flexible Oxocarbenium/Borohydride Ion Pair: Dynamics of Hydride Transfer on the Background of Conformational Roaming

We apply Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics to the practically significant [dioxane-H⁽⁺⁾-acetone][(C₆F₅)₃B-H^(-)] and [Et₂O-H⁽⁺⁾-OCPr₂][(C₆F₅)₃B-H^(-)] ion pair intermediates. Dynamics of hydride transfer in cation/anion ion pair takes place on the background of large-amplitude configurational changes. Geometry of oxocarbenium/borohydride ion pairs is flexible, meaning that we uncover significant actual structural disorder at a finite temperature. Therefore, although the starting structure can be fairly close to the configurational area of the hydride transfer transition state (TS) and despite a low potential energy barrier (ca. 1.5 kcal/mol, according to the literature), already at T ≈ 325 K the system can remain ignorant of the TS region and move round and about ("roam") in the configurational space for a period of time in the range between 10 and 100 ps. This indicates structural flexibility of oxocarbenium/borohydride ion pair on apparently a flat potential energy "landscape" of cation/anion interaction, and this has not been taken into consideration by the free energy estimations in static considerations made thus far. The difference between the dynamics-based representation of the system versus the static representation amounts to the difference between quasi-bimolecular versus unimolecular descriptions of the hydride transfer step.