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Sun S, Song F, Shi L, Zhang K, Gu Y, Sun J, Luo J. Transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed circular RNAs in the testis and ovary of golden pompano (Trachinotus blochii). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 45:101052. [PMID: 36563610 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.101052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The artificial breeding of golden pompano (Trachinotus blochii) has expanded greatly in recent years, and after long-term breeding efforts, clear sexual dimorphisms have been observed in T. blochii growth traits, with females growing faster. As sponges of microRNA (miRNAs), circular RNAs (CircRNAs) can alleviate miRNA inhibition of target mRNA. However, few studies have examined sex-related CircRNAs and none of those have looked at T. blochii. To further understand the role of CircRNAs in sex differentiation and sexual size dimorphism in T. blochii, six CircRNA libraries were constructed from the testes and ovaries of T. blochii. A total of 1522 CircRNAs were found distributed over all 24 chromosomes of T. blochii. 135 differentially expressed CircRNAs (DECs) were identified by screening, These DECs were then subjected to GO enrichment, which found 47 enriched pathways. A number of CircRNAs were enriched in cellular processes and metabolic processes. According to the KEGG pathway analysis, a series of sex differentiation pathways were enriched, including the GnRH, calcium, and MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, we selected two CircRNAs from the DECs named circ-cacna1b and circ-octc. We found that the cacna1b gene is regulated by 7 miRNAs, 3 of which were regulated by circ-cacna1b, i.e., mmu-miR-138-5p, fru-miR-138, and pma-miR-138b. In addition, the miRNA named pma-miR-138b can regulate sex-related genes, such as sox9 and dmrt1, among others. The co-expression network of CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA showed circ-cacna1b may play a crucial role in T. blochii sex differentiation by regulating pma-miR-138b to affect the expression of sex differentiation genes. The circ-octc may be one of the largest contributors to sexual size dimorphism during growth through its effect on lipid metabolism. These findings could broaden our understanding of CircRNAs and provide new insight into their function in sex differentiation and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Feibiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Liping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Kaixi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yue Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Junlong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Shafqat A, Kashir J, Alsalameh S, Alkattan K, Yaqinuddin A. Fertilization, Oocyte Activation, Calcium Release and Epigenetic Remodelling: Lessons From Cancer Models. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:781953. [PMID: 35309905 PMCID: PMC8931327 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.781953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocyte activation deficiency (OAD) is the basis of Total Fertilisation Failure (TFF) and is attributed to mutations in the PLCζ gene—termed male factor infertility. This derives abnormal Ca2+ oscillations and could be the main cause of primary disruptions in the gene expression of Ca2+-related proteins. Epigenetic mechanisms are universally accepted as key regulators of gene expression. However, epigenetic dysregulations have not been considered as potential mechanisms of oocyte-borne OAD. Herein, we discuss changes in the DNA methylome during oogenesis and embryogenesis. We further highlight key pathways comprising the oocyte Ca2+ toolkit, which could be targets of epigenetic alterations, especially aberrations in DNA methylation. Considering that the vast majority of epigenetic modifications examined during fertilization revolve around alterations in DNA methylation, we aim in this article to associate Ca2+-specific mechanisms with these alterations. To strengthen this perspective, we bring evidence from cancer research on the intricate link between DNA methylation and Ca2+ signaling as cancer research has examined such questions in a lot more detail. From a therapeutic standpoint, if our hypothesis is proven to be correct, this will explain the cause of TFF in idiopathic cases and will open doors for novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Junaid Kashir
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khaled Alkattan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Yaqinuddin
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Ahmed Yaqinuddin,
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Bronchain O, Philippe-Caraty L, Anquetil V, Ciapa B. Precise regulation of presenilin expression is required for sea urchin early development. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs258382. [PMID: 34313316 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Presenilins (PSENs) are widely expressed across eukaryotes. Two PSENs are expressed in humans, where they play a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Each PSEN can be part of the γ-secretase complex, which has multiple substrates, including Notch and amyloid-β precursor protein (AβPP) - the source of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides that compose the senile plaques during AD. PSENs also interact with various proteins independently of their γ-secretase activity. They can then be involved in numerous cellular functions, which makes their role in a given cell and/or organism complex to decipher. We have established the Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin embryo as a new model to study the role of PSEN. In the sea urchin embryo, the PSEN gene is present in unduplicated form and encodes a protein highly similar to human PSENs. Our results suggest that PSEN expression must be precisely tuned to control the course of the first mitotic cycles and the associated intracellular Ca2+ transients, the execution of gastrulation and, probably in association with ciliated cells, the establishment of the pluteus. We suggest that it would be relevant to study the role of PSEN within the gene regulatory network deciphered in the sea urchin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odile Bronchain
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Laetitia Philippe-Caraty
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Vincent Anquetil
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau (ICM), F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Ciapa
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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Leyria J, Orchard I, Lange AB. What happens after a blood meal? A transcriptome analysis of the main tissues involved in egg production in Rhodnius prolixus, an insect vector of Chagas disease. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008516. [PMID: 33057354 PMCID: PMC7591069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-sucking hemipteran Rhodnius prolixus is a vector of Chagas disease, one of the most neglected tropical diseases affecting several million people, mostly in Latin America. The blood meal is an event with a high epidemiological impact since adult mated females feed several times, with each meal resulting in a bout of egg laying, and thereby the production of hundreds of offspring. By means of RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) we have examined how a blood meal influences mRNA expression in the central nervous system (CNS), fat body and ovaries in order to promote egg production, focusing on tissue-specific responses under controlled nutritional conditions. We illustrate the cross talk between reproduction and a) lipids, proteins and trehalose metabolism, b) neuropeptide and neurohormonal signaling, and c) the immune system. Overall, our molecular evaluation confirms and supports previous studies and provides an invaluable molecular resource for future investigations on different tissues involved in successful reproductive events. These analyses serve as a starting point for new investigations, increasing the chances of developing novel strategies for vector population control by translational research, with less impact on the environment and more specificity for a particular organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Leyria
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Orchard
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Angela B. Lange
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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5
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Kashir J. Increasing associations between defects in phospholipase C zeta and conditions of male infertility: not just ICSI failure? J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:1273-1293. [PMID: 32285298 PMCID: PMC7311621 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01748-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Oocyte activation is a fundamental event at mammalian fertilization. In mammals, this process is initiated by a series of characteristic calcium (Ca2+) oscillations, induced by a sperm-specific phospholipase C (PLC) termed PLCzeta (PLCζ). Dysfunction/reduction/deletion of PLCζ is associated with forms of male infertility where the sperm is unable to initiate Ca2+ oscillations and oocyte activation, specifically in cases of fertilization failure. This review article aims to systematically summarize recent advancements and controversies in the field to update expanding clinical associations between PLCζ and various male factor conditions. This article also discusses how such associations may potentially underlie defective embryogenesis and recurrent implantation failure following fertility treatments, alongside potential diagnostic and therapeutic PLCζ approaches, aiming to direct future research efforts to utilize such knowledge clinically. METHODS An extensive literature search was performed using literature databases (PubMed/MEDLINE/Web of Knowledge) focusing on phospholipase C zeta (PLCzeta; PLCζ), oocyte activation, and calcium oscillations, as well as specific male factor conditions. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Defective PLCζ or PLCζ-induced Ca2+ release can be linked to multiple forms of male infertility including abnormal sperm parameters and morphology, sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidation, and abnormal embryogenesis/pregnancies. Such sperm exhibit absent/reduced levels, and abnormal localization patterns of PLCζ within the sperm head. CONCLUSIONS Defective PLCζ and abnormal patterns of Ca2+ release are increasingly suspected a significant causative factor underlying abnormalities or insufficiencies in Ca2+ oscillation-driven early embryogenic events. Such cases could potentially strongly benefit from relevant therapeutic and diagnostic applications of PLCζ, or even alternative mechanisms, following further focused research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Kashir
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. .,School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. .,Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Bonetti TC, Haddad DC, Domingues TS, Alegretti JR, Motta ELA, Seeley K, Silva ID. Expressed proteins and activated pathways in conditioned embryo culture media from IVF patients are diverse according to infertility factors. JBRA Assist Reprod 2019; 23:352-360. [PMID: 31251011 PMCID: PMC6798601 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20190039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Given that the embryo culture medium secretome reflects the embryo development, we hypothesize that protein profiles are affected according to infertility factors, which can be responsible for detrimental embryonic developmental competence. The aim of this study was to screen the protein profile of conditioned embryo culture media in patients presenting deep infiltrating endometriosis (ENDO) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) undergoing IVF, by proteomics approaches. The control group was constituted by tubal factor patients. METHODS Patients underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment as routine and oocytes were fertilized by ICSI. The embryos were group cultured until day 3 of development, and after transfer the culture media were collected. For the proteomics analysis, two pools of samples were prepared for groups CONTROL and PCOS, and 4 pools of samples for group DIE. Samples were prepared to deplete high abundant proteins and followed evaluated by high throughput proteomics approach. RESULTS The embryonic organ and tissue development were physiological functions activated, based on proteins identified in the 3 study groups of samples. The samples coming from DIE patients presented a high calcium activity and on the other hand, embryos coming from PCOS patients showed a decreased calcium action. Other pathways as grow factors through the EGF signaling pathway overexpressed in ENDO culture medium and protein kinase A in PCOS were also observed. CONCLUSIONS Proteomic embryonic secretome will advance our knowledge of early embryogenesis and additionally could lead to improved selection of embryos for transfer warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Cs Bonetti
- Disciplina de Ginecologia Endocrinológica, Departamento de Ginecologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM). Brasil
| | - Debora Cm Haddad
- Setor Integrado de Reprodução Humana, Departamento de Urologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM). Brasil
| | - Thais S Domingues
- Disciplina de Ginecologia Endocrinológica, Departamento de Ginecologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM). Brasil.,Huntington - Medicina Reprodutiva. Brasil
| | | | - Eduardo LA Motta
- Disciplina de Ginecologia Endocrinológica, Departamento de Ginecologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM). Brasil.,Huntington - Medicina Reprodutiva. Brasil
| | - Kent Seeley
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, Center for Drug Discovery and Innovation (CDDI), University of South Florida (USF). USA
| | - Ismael Dcg Silva
- Disciplina de Ginecologia Endocrinológica, Departamento de Ginecologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM). Brasil
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7
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Webb SE, Miller AL. The Use of Complementary Luminescent and Fluorescent Techniques for Imaging Ca 2+ Signaling Events During the Early Development of Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1929:73-93. [PMID: 30710268 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9030-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
We have visualized many of the Ca2+ signaling events that occur during the early stages of zebrafish development using complementary luminescent and fluorescent imaging techniques. We initially microinject embryos with the luminescent Ca2+ reporter, f-holo-aequorin, and using a custom-designed luminescent imaging system, we can obtain pan-embryonic visual information continually for up to the first ~24 h postfertilization (hpf). Once we know approximately when and where to look for these Ca2+ signaling events within a complex developing embryo, we then repeat the experiment using a fluorescent Ca2+ reporter such as calcium green-1 dextran and use confocal laser scanning microscopy to provide time-lapse series of higher-resolution images. These protocols allow us to identify the specific cell types and even the particular subcellular domain (e.g., nucleus or cytoplasm) generating the Ca2+ signal. Here, we outline the techniques we use to precisely microinject f-holo-aequorin or calcium green-1 dextran into embryos without affecting their viability or development. We also describe how to inject specific regions of early embryos in order to load localized embryonic domains with a particular Ca2+ reporter. These same techniques can also be used to introduce other membrane-impermeable reagents into embryos, including Ca2+ channel antagonists, Ca2+ chelators, fluorescent dyes, RNA, and DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Webb
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Andrew L Miller
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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8
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Gap junction-dependent coordination of intercellular calcium signalling in the developing appendicularian tunicate Oikopleura dioica. Dev Biol 2019; 450:9-22. [PMID: 30905687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We characterized spontaneous Ca2+ signals in Oikopleura dioica embryos from pre-fertilization to gastrula stages following injection of GCaMP6 mRNA into unfertilized eggs. The unfertilized egg exhibited regular, transient elevations in intracellular Ca2+ concentration with an average duration of 4-6 s and an average frequency of about 1 every 2.5 min. Fertilization was accompanied by a longer Ca2+ transient that lasted several minutes. Thereafter, regular Ca2+ transients were reinstated that spread within seconds among blastomeres and gradually increased in duration (by about 50%) and decreased in frequency (by about 20%) by gastrulation. Peak amplitudes also exhibited a dynamic, with a transitory drop occurring at about the 4-cell stage and a subsequent rise. Each peak was preceded by about 15 s by a smaller and shorter Ca2+ increase (about 5% of the main peak amplitude, average duration 3 s), which we term the "minipeak". By gastrulation, Ca2+ transients exhibited a stereotyped initiation site on either side of the 32-64-cell embryo, likely in the nascent muscle precursor cells, and spread thereafter symmetrically in a stereotyped spatial pattern that engaged blastomeres giving rise to all the major tissue lineages. The rapid spread of the transients relative to the intertransient interval created a coordinated wave that, on a coarse time scale, could be considered an approximate synchronization. Treatment with the divalent cations Ni2+ or Cd2+ gradually diminished peak amplitudes, had only moderate effects on wave frequency, but markedly disrupted wave synchronization and normal development. The T-type Ca2+ channel blocker mibefradil similarly disrupted normal development, and eliminated the minipeaks, but did not affect wave synchronization. To assess the role of gap junctions in calcium wave spread and coordination, we first characterized the expression of two Oikopleura connexins, Od-CxA and Od-CxB, both of which are expressed during pre-gastrulation and gastrula stages, and then co-injected double-stranded inhibitory RNAs together with CGaMP6 to suppress connexin expression. Connexin mRNA knockdown led to a gradual increase in Ca2+ transient peak width, a decrease of interpeak interval and a marked disruption of wave synchronization. As seen with divalent cations and mibefradil, this desynchronization was accompanied by a disruption of normal development.
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Watabe M, Izaki K, Fujino S, Maruyama M, Kojima C, Hiraiwa A, Ueno S, Iwao Y. The electrical block to polyspermy induced by an intracellular Ca
2+
increase at fertilization of the clawed frogs,
Xenopus laevis
and
Xenopus tropicalis. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:387-403. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mami Watabe
- Laboratory of Reproductive Developmental BiologyGraduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Kenta Izaki
- Laboratory of Reproductive Developmental BiologyGraduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Shohei Fujino
- Laboratory of Reproductive Developmental BiologyGraduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Mei Maruyama
- Laboratory of Reproductive Developmental BiologyGraduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Chiho Kojima
- Laboratory of Reproductive Developmental BiologyGraduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Azusa Hiraiwa
- Laboratory of Reproductive Developmental BiologyGraduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Shuichi Ueno
- Laboratory of Reproductive Developmental BiologyGraduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Iwao
- Laboratory of Reproductive Developmental BiologyGraduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
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10
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Universality and Diversity of a Fast, Electrical Block to Polyspermy During Fertilization in Animals. DIVERSITY AND COMMONALITY IN ANIMALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-56609-0_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Comparative Analysis of Spontaneous and Stimulus-Evoked Calcium Transients in Proliferating and Differentiating Human Midbrain-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:9605432. [PMID: 29201062 PMCID: PMC5671755 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9605432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous cytosolic calcium transients and oscillations have been reported in various tissues of nonhuman and human origin but not in human midbrain-derived stem cells. Using confocal microfluorimetry, we studied spontaneous calcium transients and calcium-regulating mechanisms in a human ventral mesencephalic stem cell line undergoing proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Spontaneous calcium transients were detected in a large fraction of both proliferating (>50%) and differentiating (>55%) cells. We provide evidence for the existence of intracellular calcium stores that respond to muscarinic activation of the cells, having sensitivity for ryanodine and thapsigargin possibly reflecting IP3 receptor activity and the presence of ryanodine receptors and calcium ATPase pumps. The observed calcium transient activity potentially supports the existence of a sodium-calcium antiporter and the existence of calcium influx induced by depletion of calcium stores. We conclude that the cells have developed the most important mechanisms governing cytosolic calcium homeostasis. This is the first comparative report of spontaneous calcium transients in proliferating and differentiating human midbrain-derived stem cells that provides evidence for the mechanisms that are likely to be involved. We propose that the observed spontaneous calcium transients may contribute to mechanisms involved in cell proliferation, phenotypic differentiation, and general cell maturation.
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12
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Xu XY, Yip KR, Shin PKS, Cheung SG. Predator-prey interaction between muricid gastropods and mussels under ocean acidification. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 124:911-916. [PMID: 28088370 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Predation of the muricid gastropod Thais clavigera on two-sized groups of the mussel Brachidontes variabilis was studied under three pCO2 levels, 380, 950, and 1250μatm. At 950μatm pCO2 level, the prey handling time decreased significantly and large-sized B. variabilis were preferred by T. clavigera. However, the prey consumption rate was independent of pCO2 levels, although the prey searching time increased significantly at elevated pCO2. These findings indicated that the predator-prey interaction between T. clavigera and B. variabilis was altered under ocean acidification, which will have a long-term impact on the population dynamics of the interacting species.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-Y Xu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - K R Yip
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - P K S Shin
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; The State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - S G Cheung
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; The State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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13
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Nemova NN, Kyaivyaryainen EI, Krupnova MY. Dynamics of activity of intracellular cysteine-dependent proteases and some peptidases in embryogenesis of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. Russ J Dev Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360417040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Shmukler YB, Nikishin DA. Ladder-Shaped Ion Channel Ligands: Current State of Knowledge. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E232. [PMID: 28726749 PMCID: PMC5532674 DOI: 10.3390/md15070232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ciguatoxins (CTX) and brevetoxins (BTX) are polycyclic ethereal compounds biosynthesized by the worldwide distributed planktonic and epibenthic dinoflagellates of Gambierdiscus and Karenia genera, correspondingly. Ciguatera, evoked by CTXs, is a type of ichthyosarcotoxism, which involves a variety of gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms, while BTXs cause so-called neurotoxic shellfish poisoning. Both types of toxins are reviewed together because of similar mechanisms of their action. These are the only molecules known to activate voltage-sensitive Na⁺-channels in mammals through a specific interaction with site 5 of its α-subunit and may compete for it, which results in an increase in neuronal excitability, neurotransmitter release and impairment of synaptic vesicle recycling. Most marine ciguatoxins potentiate Nav channels, but a considerable number of them, such as gambierol and maitotoxin, have been shown to affect another ion channel. Although the extrinsic function of these toxins is probably associated with the function of a feeding deterrent, it was suggested that their intrinsic function is coupled with the regulation of photosynthesis via light-harvesting complex II and thioredoxin. Antagonistic effects of BTXs and brevenal may provide evidence of their participation as positive and negative regulators of this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri B Shmukler
- Group of Embryophysiology, N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26, Vavilov st, 119334 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Denis A Nikishin
- Group of Embryophysiology, N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26, Vavilov st, 119334 Moscow, Russia.
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Torrezan-Nitao E, Boni R, Marques-Santos LF. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) desensitization increases sea urchin spermatozoa fertilization rate. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:1071-83. [PMID: 27449751 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) is a protein complex whose opening promotes an abrupt increase in mitochondrial inner membrane permeability. Calcium signaling pathways are described in gametes and are involved in the fertilization process. Although mitochondria may act as Ca(2+) store and have a fast calcium-releasing mechanism through MPTP, its contribution to fertilization remains unclear. The work aimed to investigate the MPTP phenomenon in sea urchin spermatozoa and its role on the fertilization. Several pharmacological tools were used to evaluate the MPTP's physiology. Our results demonstrated that MPTP occurs in male gametes in a Ca(2+) - and voltage-dependent manner and it is sensitive to cyclosporine A. Additionally, our data show that MPTP opening does not alter ROS generation in sperm cells. Inhibition of MPTP in spermatozoa strongly improved the fertilization rate, which may involve mechanisms that increase the spermatozoa lifespan. The present work is the first report of the presence of a voltage- and Ca(2+) -dependent MPTP in gametes of invertebrates and indicates MPTP opening as another evolutionary feature shared by sea urchins and mammals. Studies about MPTP in sea urchin male gametes may contribute to the elucidation of several mechanisms involved in sperm infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elis Torrezan-Nitao
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Raianna Boni
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Luis Fernando Marques-Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
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16
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Golpour A, Pšenička M, Niksirat H. Subcellular localization of calcium deposits during zebrafish (Danio rerio) oogenesis. Micron 2016; 80:6-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Hepler PK. The Cytoskeleton and Its Regulation by Calcium and Protons. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 170:3-22. [PMID: 26722019 PMCID: PMC4704593 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Calcium and protons exert control over the formation and activity of the cytoskeleton, usually by modulating an associated motor protein or one that affects the structural organization of the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Hepler
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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18
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Hewitt PG, Singh PK, Kumar A, Gnewuch C, Liebisch G, Schmitz G, Borlak J. A rat toxicogenomics study with the calcium sensitizer EMD82571 reveals a pleiotropic cause of teratogenicity. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 47:89-101. [PMID: 24977338 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The calcium sensitizer and PDEIII inhibitor EMD82571 caused exencephaly, micrognathia, agnathia and facial cleft in 58% of fetuses. In pursue of mechanisms and to define adverse outcome pathways pregnant Wistar rats were dosed daily with either EMD82571 (50 or 150mg/kg/day) or retinoic acid (12mg/kg/day) on gestational days 6-11 and 6-17, respectively. Hypothesis driven and whole genome microarray experiments were performed with whole embryo, maternal liver, embryonic liver and malformed bone at gestational days 12 and 20. This revealed regulation of genes critically involved in osteogenesis, odontogenesis, differentiation and development and extracellular matrix. Importantly, repression of osteocalcin and members of TGF-β/BMP signaling hampered osteo- and odontogenesis. Furthermore, EMD82571 impaired neurulation by inhibiting mid hinge point formation to cause neural tube defects. Taken collectively, a molecular rationale for the observed teratogenicity induced by EMD82571 is presented that links molecular initiating events with AOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip G Hewitt
- Non-Clinical Safety, Merck Serono, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Prafull Kumar Singh
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Arun Kumar
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Carsten Gnewuch
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Juergen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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19
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Webb SE, Miller AL. Calcium signaling in extraembryonic domains during early teleost development. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 304:369-418. [PMID: 23809440 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407696-9.00007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
It is becoming recognized that the extraembryonic domains of developing vertebrates, that is, those that make no cellular contribution to the embryo proper, act as important signaling centers that induce and pattern the germ layers and help establish the key embryonic axes. In the embryos of teleost fish, in particular, significant progress has been made in understanding how signaling activity in extraembryonic domains, such as the enveloping layer, the yolk syncytial layer, and the yolk cell, might help regulate development via a combination of inductive interactions, cellular dynamics, and localized gene expression. Ca(2+) signaling in a variety of forms that include propagating waves and standing gradients is a feature found in all three teleostean extraembryonic domains. This leads us to propose that in addition to their other well-characterized signaling activities, extraembryonic domains are well suited (due to their relative stability and continuity) to act as Ca(2+) signaling centers and conduits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Webb
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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20
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Zhang H, Cheung SG, Shin PKS. The larvae of congeneric gastropods showed differential responses to the combined effects of ocean acidification, temperature and salinity. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 79:39-46. [PMID: 24456853 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The tolerance and physiological responses of the larvae of two congeneric gastropods, the intertidal Nassarius festivus and subtidal Nassarius conoidalis, to the combined effects of ocean acidification (pCO2 at 380, 950, 1250 ppm), temperature (15, 30°C) and salinity (10, 30 psu) were compared. Results of three-way ANOVA on cumulative mortality after 72-h exposure showed significant interactive effects in which mortality increased with pCO2 and temperature, but reduced at higher salinity for both species, with higher mortality being obtained for N. conoidalis. Similarly, respiration rate of the larvae increased with temperature and pCO2 level for both species, with a larger percentage increase for N. conoidalis. Larval swimming speed increased with temperature and salinity for both species whereas higher pCO2 reduced swimming speed in N. conoidalis but not N. festivus. The present findings indicated that subtidal congeneric species are more sensitive than their intertidal counterparts to the combined effects of these stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Zhang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - S G Cheung
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul K S Shin
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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21
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Webb SE, Karplus E, Miller AL. Retrospective on the development of aequorin and aequorin-based imaging to visualize changes in intracellular free [Ca2+]. Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 82:563-86. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Webb
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Kowloon Hong Kong
| | | | - Andrew L. Miller
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Kowloon Hong Kong
- Marine Biological Laboratory; Woods Hole Massachusetts
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22
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Idema T, Dubuis JO, Kang L, Manning ML, Nelson PC, Lubensky TC, Liu AJ. The syncytial Drosophila embryo as a mechanically excitable medium. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77216. [PMID: 24204774 PMCID: PMC3813724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitosis in the early syncytial Drosophila embryo is highly correlated in space and time, as manifested in mitotic wavefronts that propagate across the embryo. In this paper we investigate the idea that the embryo can be considered a mechanically-excitable medium, and that mitotic wavefronts can be understood as nonlinear wavefronts that propagate through this medium. We study the wavefronts via both image analysis of confocal microscopy videos and theoretical models. We find that the mitotic waves travel across the embryo at a well-defined speed that decreases with replication cycle. We find two markers of the wavefront in each cycle, corresponding to the onsets of metaphase and anaphase. Each of these onsets is followed by displacements of the nuclei that obey the same wavefront pattern. To understand the mitotic wavefronts theoretically we analyze wavefront propagation in excitable media. We study two classes of models, one with biochemical signaling and one with mechanical signaling. We find that the dependence of wavefront speed on cycle number is most naturally explained by mechanical signaling, and that the entire process suggests a scenario in which biochemical and mechanical signaling are coupled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon Idema
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julien O. Dubuis
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Louis Kang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - M. Lisa Manning
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Philip C. Nelson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tom C. Lubensky
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Andrea J. Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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23
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Mizuno H, Sassa T, Higashijima SI, Okamoto H, Miyawaki A. Transgenic zebrafish for ratiometric imaging of cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca2+ response in teleost embryo. Cell Calcium 2013; 54:236-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Sartain CV, Wolfner MF. Calcium and egg activation in Drosophila. Cell Calcium 2012; 53:10-5. [PMID: 23218670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In many animals, a rise in intracellular calcium levels is the trigger for egg activation, the process by which an arrested mature oocyte transitions to prepare for embryogenesis. In nearly all animals studied to date, this calcium rise, and thus egg activation, is triggered by the fertilizing sperm. However in the insects that have been examined, fertilization is not necessary to activate their oocytes. Rather, these insects' eggs activate as they transit through the female's reproductive tract, regardless of male contribution. Recent studies in Drosophila have shown that egg activation nevertheless requires calcium and that the downstream events and molecules of egg activation are also conserved, despite the difference in initial trigger. Genetic studies have uncovered essential roles for the calcium-dependent enzyme calcineurin and its regulator calcipressin, and have hinted at roles for calmodulin, in Drosophila egg activation. Physiological and in vitro studies have led to a model in which mechanical forces that impact the Drosophila oocyte as it moves through the reproductive tract triggers the influx of calcium from the external environment, thereby initiating egg activation. Future research will aim to test this model, as well as to determine the spatiotemporal dynamics of cytoplasmic calcium flux and mode of signal propagation in this unique system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline V Sartain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
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25
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Tarasov AI, Semplici F, Li D, Rizzuto R, Ravier MA, Gilon P, Rutter GA. Frequency-dependent mitochondrial Ca(2+) accumulation regulates ATP synthesis in pancreatic β cells. Pflugers Arch 2012; 465:543-54. [PMID: 23149488 PMCID: PMC3631125 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-012-1177-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells respond to increases in glucose concentration with enhanced metabolism, the closure of ATP-sensitive K+ channels and electrical spiking. The latter results in oscillatory Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and the activation of insulin release. The relationship between changes in cytosolic and mitochondrial free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]mit, respectively) during these cycles is poorly understood. Importantly, the activation of Ca2+-sensitive intramitochondrial dehydrogenases, occurring alongside the stimulation of ATP consumption required for Ca2+ pumping and other processes, may exert complex effects on cytosolic ATP/ADP ratios and hence insulin secretion. To explore the relationship between these parameters in single primary β cells, we have deployed cytosolic (Fura red, Indo1) or green fluorescent protein-based recombinant-targeted (Pericam, 2mt8RP for mitochondria; D4ER for the ER) probes for Ca2+ and cytosolic ATP/ADP (Perceval) alongside patch-clamp electrophysiology. We demonstrate that: (1) blockade of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake by shRNA-mediated silencing of the uniporter MCU attenuates glucose- and essentially blocks tolbutamide-stimulated, insulin secretion; (2) during electrical stimulation, mitochondria decode cytosolic Ca2+ oscillation frequency as stable increases in [Ca2+]mit and cytosolic ATP/ADP; (3) mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake rates remained constant between individual spikes, arguing against activity-dependent regulation (“plasticity”) and (4) the relationship between [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]mit is essentially unaffected by changes in endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ([Ca2+]ER). Our findings thus highlight new aspects of Ca2+ signalling in β cells of relevance to the actions of both glucose and sulphonylureas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei I Tarasov
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
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26
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Characterization of Ca(2+) signaling in the external yolk syncytial layer during the late blastula and early gastrula periods of zebrafish development. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2012; 1833:1641-56. [PMID: 23142640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Preferential loading of the complementary bioluminescent (f-aequorin) and fluorescent (Calcium Green-1 dextran) Ca(2+) reporters into the yolk syncytial layer (YSL) of zebrafish embryos, revealed the generation of stochastic patterns of fast, short-range, and slow, long-range Ca(2+) waves that propagate exclusively through the external YSL (E-YSL). Starting abruptly just after doming (~4.5h post-fertilization: hpf), and ending at the shield stage (~6.0hpf) these distinct classes of waves propagated at mean velocities of ~50 and ~4μm/s, respectively. Although the number and pattern of these waves varied between embryos, their initiation site and arcs of propagation displayed a distinct dorsal bias, suggesting an association with the formation and maintenance of the nascent dorsal-ventral axis. Wave initiation coincided with a characteristic clustering of YSL nuclei (YSN), and their associated perinuclear ER, in the E-YSL. Furthermore, the inter-YSN distance (IND) appeared to be critical such that Ca(2+) wave propagation occurred only when this was <~8μm; an IND >~8μm was coincidental with wave termination at shield stage. Treatment with the IP3R antagonist, 2-APB, the Ca(2+) buffer, 5,5'-dibromo BAPTA, and the SERCA-pump inhibitor, thapsigargin, resulted in a significant disruption of the E-YSL Ca(2+) waves, whereas exposure to the RyR antagonists, ryanodine and dantrolene, had no significant effect. These findings led us to propose that the E-YSL Ca(2+) waves are generated mainly via Ca(2+) release from IP3Rs located in the perinuclear ER, and that the clustering of the YSN is an essential step in providing a CICR pathway required for wave propagation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: 12th European Symposium on Calcium.
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27
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Liboff AR. Electromagnetic vaccination. Med Hypotheses 2012; 79:331-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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de Araújo Leite JC, Marques-Santos LF. Extracellular Ca2+influx is crucial for the early embryonic development of the sea urchinEchinometra lucunter. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2012; 318:123-33. [DOI: 10.1002/jezb.21450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Calcium Oscillations, Oocyte Activation, and Phospholipase C zeta. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 740:1095-121. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2888-2_50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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30
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Liang SL, Zhao QJ, Li XC, Jin YP, Wang YP, Su XH, Guan WJ, Ma YH. Dynamic analysis of Ca²+ level during bovine oocytes maturation and early embryonic development. J Vet Sci 2011; 12:133-42. [PMID: 21586872 PMCID: PMC3104167 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2011.12.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian oocyte maturation and early embryo development processes are Ca2+-dependent. In this study, we used confocal microscopy to investigate the distribution pattern of Ca2+ and its dynamic changes in the processes of bovine oocytes maturation, in vitro fertilization (IVF), parthenogenetic activation (PA) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryo development. During the germinal vesicle (GV) and GV breakdown stage, Ca2+ was distributed in the cortical ooplasm and throughout the oocytes from the MI to MII stage. In IVF embryos, Ca2+ was distributed in the cortical ooplasm before the formation of the pronucleus. In 4-8 cell embryos and morulas, Ca2+ was present throughout the blastomere. In PA embryos, Ca2+ was distributed throughout the blastomere at 48 h, similar to in the 4-cell and 8-cell phase and the morula. At 6 h after activation, there was almost no distribution of Ca2+ in the SCNT embryos. However, Ca2+ was distributed in the donor nucleus at 10 h and it was distributed throughout the blastomere in the 2-8 cell embryos. In this study, Ca2+ showed significant fluctuations with regularity of IVF and SCNT groups, but PA did not. Systematic investigation of the Ca2+ location and distribution changes during oocyte maturation and early embryo development processes should facilitate a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in oocyte maturation, reconstructed embryo activation and development, ultimately improving the reconstructed embryo development rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Li Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
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31
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Zhang Y, Zhang HM, Shi Y, Lustgarten M, Li Y, Qi W, Zhang BX, Van Remmen H. Loss of manganese superoxide dismutase leads to abnormal growth and signal transduction in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2010; 49:1255-62. [PMID: 20638473 PMCID: PMC3418666 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Revised: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in the mitochondria plays an important role in cellular defense against oxidative damage. Homozygous MnSOD knockout (Sod2(-/-)) mice are neonatal lethal, indicating the essential role of MnSOD in early development. To investigate the potential cellular abnormalities underlying the aborted development of Sod2(-/-) mice, we examined the growth of isolated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from Sod2(-/-) mice. We found that the proliferation of Sod2(-/-) MEFs was significantly decreased compared with wild-type MEFs despite the absence of morphological differences. The Sod2(-/-) MEFs produced less cellular ATP, had lower O(2) consumption, generated more superoxide, and expressed less Prdx3 protein. Furthermore, the loss of MnSOD dramatically altered several markers involved in cell proliferation and growth, including decreased growth stimulatory function of mTOR signaling and enhanced growth inhibitory function of GSK-3β signaling. Interestingly, the G-protein-coupled receptor-mediated intracellular Ca(2+) signal transduction was also severely suppressed in Sod2(-/-) MEFs. Finally, the ratio of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-II/LC3-I, an index of autophagic activity, was increased in Sod2(-/-) MEFs, consistent with a reduction in mTOR signal transduction. These data demonstrate that MnSOD deficiency results in alterations in several key signaling pathways, which may contribute to the lethal phenotype of Sod2(-/-) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Hong-Mei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Michael Lustgarten
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Yan Li
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Wenbo Qi
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Bin-Xian Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas 78229
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Calcium is required for coelomocyte activation in earthworms. Mol Immunol 2010; 47:2047-56. [PMID: 20439116 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2010.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Revised: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of calcium signaling in activation of both innate and adaptive immunity is basically important, however, the evolutionary aspects are not clarified yet. Currently limited data are available about calcium levels of coelomocytes, cellular mediators of earthworm immunity. We aimed to observe basal and induced Ca(2+) levels of coelomocyte subgroups after various stimulations in Eisenia fetida and Allolobophora caliginosa using a Ca(2+)-sensitive dye. E. fetida chloragocytes had the highest basal Ca(2+) levels among subpopulations; however there was no detectable Ca(2+) influx after any stimuli, while coelomocytes showed strong Ca(2+) increase after ionomycin treatment, which could be attenuated using phorbol ester. A. caliginosa coelomocytes showed a weak response to ionophore, while chloragocytes, similar to those in E. fetida, exhibited no changes after this stimulation. Intracellular calcium is mainly stored in the endoplasmic reticulum of coelomocytes as proved by thapsigargin treatments. Among several mitogens only phytohemagglutinin caused increased Ca(2+) level in E. fetida coelomocytes, but not in A. caliginosa coelomocytes. Moreover, the chemoattractant fMLP revealed calcium influx of Eisenia coelomocytes. For the first time we observed various basal Ca(2+) levels and sensibility to Ca(2+) influx inducers (including mitogens and chemoattractant) of coelomocyte subgroups using flow cytometry. These observations suggest that Ca(2+) influx and signal transduction may play crucial roles in the innate immunity of the earthworm.
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van Dieck J, Brandt T, Teufel DP, Veprintsev DB, Joerger AC, Fersht AR. Molecular basis of S100 proteins interacting with the p53 homologs p63 and p73. Oncogene 2010; 29:2024-35. [PMID: 20140014 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
S100 proteins modulate p53 activity by interacting with its tetramerization (p53TET, residues 325-355) and transactivation (residues 1-57) domains. In this study, we characterized biophysically the binding of S100A1, S100A2, S100A4, S100A6 and S100B to homologous domains of p63 and p73 in vitro by fluorescence anisotropy, analytical ultracentrifugation and analytical gel filtration. We found that S100A1, S100A2, S100A4, S100A6 and S100B proteins bound different p63 and p73 tetramerization domain variants and naturally occurring isoforms with varying affinities in a calcium-dependent manner. Additional interactions were observed with peptides derived from the p63 and p73 N-terminal transactivation domains. Importantly, S100 proteins bound p63 and p73 with different affinities in their different oligomeric states, similarly to the differential modes of binding to p53. On the basis of our data, we hypothesize that S100 proteins regulate the oligomerization state of all three p53 family members and their isoforms, with a potential physiological relevance in developmental and disease-related processes. The regulation of the p53 family by S100 is complicated and depends on the target preference of each individual S100 protein, the concentration of the proteins and calcium, as well as the splicing variation of p63 or p73. Our results outlining the complexity of the interaction should be considered when studying the functional effects of S100 proteins in their biological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- J van Dieck
- MRC Centre for Protein Engineering, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
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35
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A new MAP kinase protein involved in estradiol-stimulated reproduction of the helminth parasite Taenia crassiceps. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:747121. [PMID: 20145710 PMCID: PMC2817376 DOI: 10.1155/2010/747121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MAP kinases (MAPK) are involved in the regulation of cellular
processes such as reproduction and growth. In parasites, the role
of MAPK has been scarcely studied. Here, we describe the
participation of an ERK-like protein in estrogen-dependent
reproduction of the helminth parasite Taenia
crassiceps. Our results show that 17β-estradiol
induces a concentration-dependent increase in the bud number of in
vitro cultured cysticerci. If parasites are also incubated in
presence of an ERK-inhibitor, the stimulatory effect of estrogen
is blocked. The expression of ERK-like mRNA and its corresponding
protein was detected in the parasite. The ERK-like protein was
over-expressed by all treatments. Nevertheless, a strong induction
of phosphorylation of this protein was observed only in response
to 17β-estradiol. Cross-contamination by host cells was
discarded by flow cytometry analysis. Parasite cells expressing
the ERK-like protein were exclusively located at the subtegument
tissue by confocal microscopy. Finally, the ERK-like protein was
separated by bidimensional electrophoresis and then sequenced,
showing the conserved TEY activation motif, typical of all known
ERK 1/2 proteins. Our results show that an ERK-like protein is
involved in the molecular signalling during the interaction
between the host and T. crassiceps, and may be
considered as target for anti-helminth drugs design.
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Webb SE, Rogers KL, Karplus E, Miller AL. The use of aequorins to record and visualize Ca(2+) dynamics: from subcellular microdomains to whole organisms. Methods Cell Biol 2010; 99:263-300. [PMID: 21035690 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-374841-6.00010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we describe the practical aspects of measuring [Ca(2+)] transients that are generated in a particular cytoplasmic domain, or within a specific organelle or its periorganellar environment, using bioluminescent, genetically encoded and targeted Ca(2+) reporters, especially those based on apoaequorin. We also list examples of the organisms, tissues, and cells that have been transfected with apoaequorin or an apoaequorin-BRET complex, as well as of the organelles and subcellular domains that have been specifically targeted with these bioluminescent Ca(2+) reporters. In addition, we summarize the various techniques used to load the apoaequorin cofactor, coelenterazine, and its analogs into cells, tissues, and intact organisms, and we describe recent advances in the detection and imaging technologies that are currently being used to measure and visualize the luminescence generated by the aequorin-Ca(2+) reaction within these various cytoplasmic domains and subcellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Webb
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Section and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
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37
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Wang LY, Wang DH, Zou XY, Xu CM. Mitochondrial functions on oocytes and preimplantation embryos. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2009; 10:483-92. [PMID: 19585665 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b0820379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oocyte quality has long been considered as a main limiting factor for in vitro fertilization (IVF). In the past decade, extensive observations demonstrated that the mitochondrion plays a vital role in the oocyte cytoplasm, for it can provide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for fertilization and preimplantation embryo development and also act as stores of intracellular calcium and proapoptotic factors. During the oocyte maturation, mitochondria are characterized by distinct changes of their distribution pattern from being homogeneous to heterogeneous, which is correlated with the cumulus apoptosis. Oocyte quality decreases with the increasing maternal age. Recent studies have shown that low quality oocytes have some age-related dysfunctions, which include the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, increase of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damages, chromosomal aneuploidies, the incidence of apoptosis, and changes in mitochondrial gene expression. All these dysfunctions may cause a high level of developmental retardation and arrest of preimplantation embryos. It has been suggested that these mitochondrial changes may arise from excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is closely associated with the oxidative energy production or calcium overload, which may trigger permeability transition pore opening and subsequent apoptosis. Therefore, mitochondria can be seen as signs for oocyte quality evaluation, and it is possible that the oocyte quality can be improved by enhancing the physical function of mitochondria. Here we reviewed recent advances in mitochondrial functions on oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-ya Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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38
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Leung CF, Miller AL, Korzh V, Chong SW, Sleptsova-Freidrich I, Webb SE. Visualization of stochastic Ca2+ signals in the formed somites during the early segmentation period in intact, normally developing zebrafish embryos. Dev Growth Differ 2009; 51:617-37. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-169x.2009.01123.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Lam PY, Webb SE, Leclerc C, Moreau M, Miller AL. Inhibition of stored Ca2+ release disrupts convergence-related cell movements in the lateral intermediate mesoderm resulting in abnormal positioning and morphology of the pronephric anlagen in intact zebrafish embryos. Dev Growth Differ 2009; 51:429-42. [PMID: 19382938 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-169x.2009.01106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ca(2+) is a highly versatile intra- and intercellular signal that has been reported to regulate a variety of different pattern-forming processes during early development. To investigate the potential role of Ca(2+) signaling in regulating convergence-related cell movements, and the positioning and morphology of the pronephric anlagen, we treated zebrafish embryos from 11.5 h postfertilization (hpf; i.e. just before the pronephric anlagen are morphologically distinguishable in the lateral intermediate mesoderm; LIM) to 16 hpf, with a variety of membrane permeable pharmacological reagents known to modulate [Ca(2+)](i). The effect of these treatments on pronephric anlagen positioning and morphology was determined in both fixed and live embryos via in situ hybridization using the pronephic-specific probes, cdh17, pax2.1 and sim1, and confocal imaging of BODIPY FL C(5)-ceramide-labeled embryos, respectively. We report that Ca(2+) released from intracellular stores via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors plays a significant role in the positioning and morphology of the pronephric anlagen, but does not affect the fate determination of the LIM cells that form these primordia. Our data suggest that when Ca(2+) release is inhibited, the resulting effects on the pronephric anlagen are a consequence of the disruption of normal convergence-related movements of LIM cells toward the embryonic midline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui Ying Lam
- Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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40
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Whitaker M, Smith J. Introduction. Calcium signals and developmental patterning. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2008; 363:1307-10. [PMID: 18192176 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2007.2248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium ions generate ubiquitous cellular signals. Calcium signals play an important role in development. The most obvious example is fertilization, where calcium signals and calcium waves are triggered by the sperm and are responsible for activating the egg from dormancy and cell cycle arrest. Calcium signals also appear to contribute to cell cycle progression during the rapid cell cycles of early embryos. There is increasing evidence that calcium signals are an essential component of the signalling systems that specify developmental patterning and cell fate. This issue arises from a Discussion Meeting that brought together developmental biologists studying calcium signals with those looking at other patterning signals and events. This short introduction provides some background to the papers in this issue, setting out the emerging view that calcium signals are central to dorsoventral axis formation, gastrulation movements, neural specification and neuronal cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Whitaker
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Bioscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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