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Wang R, Yao B, Tan Z, Mao C, Ma Y, Qu J. Effect of Warming on Personality of Mosquitofish ( Gambusia affinis) and Medaka Fish ( Oryzias latipes). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2101. [PMID: 39061563 PMCID: PMC11273402 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Global warming may accelerate the process of biological invasions, and invasive species that can quickly adapt to new environments will have a negative impact on native species. Animal personalities have significant implications for ecology and evolution. However, few studies have simultaneously examined the combined effects of climate warming and biological invasions on native species. In this study, we hypothesized that temperature was positively correlated with personality, and invasive species had stronger personalities than native species. Accordingly, we established control (20 °C) and warming groups (20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C) to rear mosquitofish and medaka fish, individuals acclimatized to rearing temperatures for 7 days, then measured their personalities (sociability, exploration, novelty, and boldness). The results showed that individuals exhibited repeatable variation along the four behavioral axes across all temperature conditions, providing evidence for the presence of personalities. Significant positive correlations were found between each pair of behaviors, indicating the presence of behavioral syndrome. Sociability and exploration were most affected by temperature, showing increasing trends in sociability, exploration, and novelty in both invasive and native species with rising temperatures. Compared to medaka fish, mosquitofish exhibited higher exploration and lower sociability at elevated temperatures, while showing little change in boldness. Our results provide evidence that increased temperatures may promote biological invasions and pose a potential threat to the survival of native species. These findings are significant for understanding the complex impacts of climate change on ecosystems and for formulating effective biodiversity preservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (R.W.); (Z.T.)
- Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (B.Y.); (C.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, Xining 810008, China
| | - Baohui Yao
- Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (B.Y.); (C.M.)
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People’s Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Zhaoxian Tan
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (R.W.); (Z.T.)
- Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (B.Y.); (C.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, Xining 810008, China
| | - Chengjie Mao
- Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (B.Y.); (C.M.)
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People’s Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yonggui Ma
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (R.W.); (Z.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People’s Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Jiapeng Qu
- Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (B.Y.); (C.M.)
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People’s Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University, Xining 810016, China
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2
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Cameron H, Marshall D. Estimating the relationship between fitness and metabolic rate: which rate should we use? Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20220491. [PMID: 38186283 PMCID: PMC10772602 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
As physiologists seek to better understand how and why metabolism varies, they have focused on how metabolic rate covaries with fitness-that is, selection. Evolutionary biologists have developed a sophisticated framework for exploring selection, but there are particular challenges associated with estimating selection on metabolic rate owing to its allometric relationship with body mass. Most researchers estimate selection on mass and absolute metabolic rate; or selection on mass and mass-independent metabolic rate (MIMR)-the residuals generated from a nonlinear regression. These approaches are sometimes treated as synonymous: their coefficients are often interpreted in the same way. Here, we show that these approaches are not equivalent because absolute metabolic rate and MIMR are different traits. We also show that it is difficult to make sound biological inferences about selection on absolute metabolic rate because its causal relationship with mass is enigmatic. By contrast, MIMR requires less-desirable statistical practices (i.e. residuals as a predictor), but provides clearer causal pathways. Moreover, we argue that estimates of selection on MIMR have more meaningful interpretations for physiologists interested in the drivers of variation in metabolic allometry. This article is part of the theme issue 'The evolutionary significance of variation in metabolic rates'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Cameron
- Centre for Geometric Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Dustin Marshall
- Centre for Geometric Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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3
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Dixit T. A synthesis of coevolution across levels of biological organization. Evolution 2024; 78:211-220. [PMID: 38085659 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
In evolutionary ecology, coevolution is typically defined as reciprocal evolution of interacting species. However, outside the context of interacting species, the term "coevolution" is also used at levels of biological organization within species (e.g., between males and females, between cells, and between genes or proteins). Furthermore, although evolution is typically defined as "genetic change over time", coevolution need not involve genetic changes in the interacting parties, since cultures can also evolve. In this review, I propose that coevolution be defined more broadly as "reciprocal adaptive evolution at any level of biological organisation". The classification of reciprocal evolution at all levels of biological organization as coevolution would maintain consistency in terminology. More importantly, the broader definition should facilitate greater integration of coevolution research across disciplines. For example, principles usually discussed only in the context of coevolution between species or coevolution between genes (e.g., tight and diffuse coevolution, and compensatory coevolution, respectively) could be more readily applied to new fields. The application of coevolutionary principles to new contexts could also provide benefits to society, for instance in deducing the dynamics of coevolution between cancer cells and cells of the human immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Dixit
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
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4
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Lou Y, Zhao Q, Hu Y, Chen L, Liu P, Fang Y, Lloyd H, Sun Y. Personality-dependent nest site selection and nest success during incubation in wild chestnut thrushes. iScience 2023; 26:107419. [PMID: 37575181 PMCID: PMC10415915 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In birds, little is known about how individuals choose nest sites based on their personality traits. Here, we investigate whether a female's personality (activity and breathing rate) can affect patterns of nest site selection at different spatial scales in a wild population of chestnut thrush (Turdus rubrocanus) and determine whether nest site characteristics and female personality traits affect clutch size and nest success during incubation. We found that neither activity nor breathing rate were associated with large-scale nesting habitat variables. At the fine-scale level, more active females chose nest sites with greater nest lateral concealment. Females with higher breathing rates laid smaller clutch sizes than individuals with lower breathing rates. Nests of females with lower breathing rate had higher nest success during incubation. This work highlights the relationships between personality and nest site selection in birds, and the important role of female personality traits in reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiang Lou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qingshan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yunbiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, China
| | - Yun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huw Lloyd
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University. Manchester M15GD, UK
| | - Yuehua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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5
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Broggi J, Nilsson JÅ. Individual response in body mass and basal metabolism to the risks of predation and starvation in passerines. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:286531. [PMID: 36628936 PMCID: PMC10086538 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.244744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Wintering energy management in small passerines has focused on the adaptive regulation of the daily acquisition of energy reserves within a starvation-predation trade-off framework. However, the possibility that the energetic cost of living, i.e. basal metabolic rate (BMR), is being modulated as part of the management energy strategy has been largely neglected. Here, we addressed this possibility by experimentally exposing captive great tits (Parus major) during winter to two consecutive treatments of increased starvation and predation risk for each individual bird. Body mass and BMR were measured prior to and after each week-long treatment. We predicted that birds should be lighter but with a higher metabolic capacity (higher BMR) as a response to increased predation risk, and that birds should increase internal reserves while reducing their cost of living (lower BMR) when exposed to increased starvation risk. Wintering great tits kept a constant body mass independently of a week-long predation or starvation treatment. However, great tits reduced the cost of living (lower BMR) when exposed to the starvation treatment, while BMR remained unaffected by the predation treatment. Energy management in wintering small birds partly relies on BMR regulation, which challenges the current theoretical framework based on body mass regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juli Broggi
- Department of Biology, Section of Evolutionary Ecology, University of Lund, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden.,Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Av. Américo Vespucio 26, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.,Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales - CSIC, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Jan-Åke Nilsson
- Department of Biology, Section of Evolutionary Ecology, University of Lund, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden
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6
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Vasilieva NA. Pace-of-Life Syndrome (POLS): Evolution of the Concept. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022070238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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7
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Cassano J, Naug D. Metabolic rate shapes differences in foraging efficiency among honeybee foragers. Behav Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arac090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Metabolic rate is the rate at which organisms process energy and is often considered as the fundamental driver of life history processes. The link between metabolic rate and life history is critically mediated via foraging, which shapes the energy acquisition patterns of an individual. This predicts that individuals with different metabolic rates likely vary in their foraging strategies, although such a link has rarely been empirically investigated in the context of optimal foraging theory—a powerful framework for understanding how animals maximize their foraging returns. Many central place foragers such as honeybees maximize their energetic efficiency rather than the rate of energetic gain, given the critical role of energetic costs in foraging decisions. We therefore tested if individuals with low and high metabolic rates differ in efficiency maximization, using genetic lines of honeybees with different metabolic rates. Our results show that low metabolic rate foragers visit more flowers during a foraging trip and have a higher energetic efficiency than high metabolic rate foragers in both low and high resource conditions. We discuss the significance of these results in the context of division of labor and the adaptive role of phenotypic diversity in metabolic rate in a social insect colony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Cassano
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University , 1878 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 , USA
| | - Dhruba Naug
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University , 1878 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 , USA
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8
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Size-dependent fitness trade-offs of foraging in the presence of predators for prey with different growth patterns. THEOR ECOL-NETH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12080-022-00535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Dammhahn M, Lange P, Eccard JA. The landscape of fear has individual layers: an experimental test of among‐individual differences in perceived predation risk during foraging. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Dammhahn
- Animal Ecology, Inst. for Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Univ. of Potsdam Potsdam Germany
| | - Pauline Lange
- Animal Ecology, Inst. for Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Univ. of Potsdam Potsdam Germany
| | - Jana A. Eccard
- Animal Ecology, Inst. for Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Univ. of Potsdam Potsdam Germany
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10
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Morales-Piñeyrúa JT, Damián JP, Banchero G, Blache D, Sant'Anna AC. Metabolic profile and productivity of dairy Holstein cows milked by a pasture-based automatic milking system during early lactation: Effects of cow temperament and parity. Res Vet Sci 2022; 147:50-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Li H, Zhang X, Wu Y, Zhang F, Li C. Environmental temperature during early life affects the personality of mosquitofish in adulthood. Curr Zool 2021; 67:481-488. [PMID: 34616946 PMCID: PMC8489117 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Personality has been observed in a variety of animal taxa with important implications in ecology and evolution. Exploring the influence of environmental temperature during early life on personality could help to understand the ontogeny of this phenotypic trait in animals. In this study, we reared newborn mosquitofish Gambusia affinis at high (30°C) and low (25°C) water temperatures and measured their shyness and exploration upon sexual maturity. We tested the repeatability of each behavioral trait; the correlation between them; and the effects of rearing temperature, sex, and body length on the behaviors. When growing up at low temperatures, female fish exhibited repeatability in shyness and exploration, and males exhibited marginal repeatability in shyness. However, neither of the 2 behaviors were repeatable when the fish were reared at high temperatures. There was a negative correlation between shyness and exploration, indicating that the 2 behaviors comprise a behavioral syndrome in this species. Mosquitofish reared at high temperatures were more explorative than those reared at low temperatures, while there was no difference in shyness between the 2 treatments. Body length and sex had no significant effects on the average values of the 2 behaviors. The results indicate that environmental temperature during early life could shape the personality of mosquitofish and modify the average of the behavioral traits. These findings might provide insights to understand the ontogeny of animal personality and how changes in environmental temperature influence animal dispersal by shaping their personality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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12
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13
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Personality and behavioral syndromes in two Peromyscus species: presence, lack of state dependence, and lack of association with home range size. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-020-02951-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Eccard JA, Liesenjohann T, Dammhahn M. Among-individual differences in foraging modulate resource exploitation under perceived predation risk. Oecologia 2020; 194:621-634. [PMID: 33141325 PMCID: PMC7683444 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Foraging is risky and involves balancing the benefits of resource acquisition with costs of predation. Optimal foraging theory predicts where, when and how long to forage in a given spatiotemporal distribution of risks and resources. However, significant variation in foraging behaviour and resource exploitation remain unexplained. Using single foragers in artificial landscapes of perceived risks and resources with diminishing returns, we aimed to test whether foraging behaviour and resource exploitation are adjusted to risk level, vary with risk during different components of foraging, and (co)vary among individuals. We quantified foraging behaviour and resource exploitation for 21 common voles (Microtus arvalis). By manipulating ground cover, we created simple landscapes of two food patches varying in perceived risk during feeding in a patch and/or while travelling between patches. Foraging of individuals was variable and adjusted to risk level and type. High risk during feeding reduced feeding duration and food consumption more strongly than risk while travelling. Risk during travelling modified the risk effects of feeding for changes between patches and resulting evenness of resource exploitation. Across risk conditions individuals differed consistently in when and how long they exploited resources and exposed themselves to risk. These among-individual differences in foraging behaviour were associated with consistent patterns of resource exploitation. Thus, different strategies in foraging-under-risk ultimately lead to unequal payoffs and might affect lower trophic levels in food webs. Inter-individual differences in foraging behaviour, i.e. foraging personalities, are an integral part of foraging behaviour and need to be fully integrated into optimal foraging theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana A Eccard
- Animal Ecology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany. .,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Thilo Liesenjohann
- Animal Ecology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Melanie Dammhahn
- Animal Ecology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Costs of exploratory behavior: the energy trade-off hypothesis and the allocation model tested under caloric restriction. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4156. [PMID: 32139739 PMCID: PMC7058060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to maintain the energy balance, animals often exhibit several physiological adjustments when subjected to a decrease in resource availability. Specifically, some rodents show increases in behavioral activity in response to food restriction; a response regarded as a paradox because it would imply an investment in locomotor activity, despite the lack of trophic resources. Here, we aim to explore the possible existence of trade-offs between metabolic variables and behavioral responses when rodents are faced to stochastic deprivation of food and caloric restriction. Adult BALB/c mice were acclimatized for four weeks to four food treatments: two caloric regimens (ad libitum and 60% restriction) and two periodicities (continuous and stochastic). In these mice, we analyzed: exploratory behavior and home-cage behavior, basal metabolic rate, citrate synthase and cytochrome oxidase c enzyme activity (in liver and skeletal muscle), body temperature and non-shivering thermogenesis. Our results support the model of allocation, which indicates commitments between metabolic rates and exploratory behavior, in a caloric restricted environment. Specifically, we identify the role of thermogenesis as a pivotal budget item, modulating the reallocation of energy between behavior and basal metabolic rate. We conclude that brown adipose tissue and liver play a key role in the development of paradoxical responses when facing decreased dietary availability.
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16
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Katz K, Naug D. A mechanistic model of how metabolic rate can interact with resource environment to influence foraging success and lifespan. Ecol Modell 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.108899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Wright J, Bolstad GH, Araya-Ajoy YG, Dingemanse NJ. Life-history evolution under fluctuating density-dependent selection and the adaptive alignment of pace-of-life syndromes. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:230-247. [PMID: 30019372 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel perspective on life-history evolution that combines recent theoretical advances in fluctuating density-dependent selection with the notion of pace-of-life syndromes (POLSs) in behavioural ecology. These ideas posit phenotypic co-variation in life-history, physiological, morphological and behavioural traits as a continuum from the highly fecund, short-lived, bold, aggressive and highly dispersive 'fast' types at one end of the POLS to the less fecund, long-lived, cautious, shy, plastic and socially responsive 'slow' types at the other. We propose that such variation in life histories and the associated individual differences in behaviour can be explained through their eco-evolutionary dynamics with population density - a single and ubiquitous selective factor that is present in all biological systems. Contrasting regimes of environmental stochasticity are expected to affect population density in time and space and create differing patterns of fluctuating density-dependent selection, which generates variation in fast versus slow life histories within and among populations. We therefore predict that a major axis of phenotypic co-variation in life-history, physiological, morphological and behavioural traits (i.e. the POLS) should align with these stochastic fluctuations in the multivariate fitness landscape created by variation in density-dependent selection. Phenotypic plasticity and/or genetic (co-)variation oriented along this major POLS axis are thus expected to facilitate rapid and adaptively integrated changes in various aspects of life histories within and among populations and/or species. The fluctuating density-dependent selection POLS framework presented here therefore provides a series of clear testable predictions, the investigation of which should further our fundamental understanding of life-history evolution and thus our ability to predict natural population dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Wright
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir H Bolstad
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), N-7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Yimen G Araya-Ajoy
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Niels J Dingemanse
- Behavioural Ecology, Department of Biology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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18
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Mathot KJ, Dingemanse NJ, Nakagawa S. The covariance between metabolic rate and behaviour varies across behaviours and thermal types: meta‐analytic insights. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:1056-1074. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley J. Mathot
- Canada Research Chair in Integrative Ecology, Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Alberta CW405 Biological Sciences Building, T6G 2E9 Edmonton Alberta Canada
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchDepartment of Coastal Systems and Utrecht University 1790 AB, den Burg, Texel The Netherlands
| | - Niels J. Dingemanse
- Behavioural Ecology, Department Biology IILudwig‐Maximilians University of Munich Grosshadener Strasse 2, DE‐82152, Planegg‐Martinsried, Munich Germany
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney New South Wales 2010 Australia
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19
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Louison MJ, Stein J, Suski C. Metabolic phenotype is not associated with vulnerability to angling in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). CAN J ZOOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2017-0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prior work has described a link between an individual’s metabolic rate and a willingness to take risks. One context in which high metabolic rates and risk-prone behaviors may prove to be maladaptive is in fish that strike fishing lures only to be captured by anglers. It has been shown that metabolic phenotype may be altered by angling; however, little work has assessed metabolic rate in fish and its relationship to angling vulnerability in a realistic angling trial. To address this, we subjected a set of bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, 1819) to a series of angling sessions. Following this, a subset of 23 fish that had been captured at least once and 25 fish that had not been captured were assessed for metabolic phenotype (standard and maximum metabolic rates, postexercise oxygen consumption, and recovery time) via intermittent flow respirometry. Contrary to predictions, captured and uncaptured fish did not differ in any measurement of metabolic rate. These results suggest that metabolic phenotype is not a determinant of angling vulnerability within the studied context. It is possible, therefore, that previously described alterations in metabolic phenotype owing to angling pressure may be context-specific and may not apply to all species and angling contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Louison
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - J.A. Stein
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - C.D. Suski
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Energetic trade-offs and feedbacks between behavior and metabolism influence correlations between pace-of-life attributes. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-018-2460-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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21
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Niemelä PT, Dingemanse NJ. Meta-analysis reveals weak associations between intrinsic state and personality. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:20172823. [PMID: 29491175 PMCID: PMC5832713 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual differences in behaviour characterize humans and animals alike. A hot field in behavioural ecology asks why this variation in 'personality' evolved. Theory posits that selection favours the integration of 'intrinsic state' and behaviour. Metabolism, hormones, energetic reserves and structural size have particularly been proposed as states covarying with behaviour among-individuals, either genetically or through plasticity integration. We conducted a meta-analysis estimating the amount of among-individual variation in behaviour attributable to variation in state. Our literature search showed that only 22% of the studies claiming to estimate individual-level associations between state and behaviour actually did so. Our meta-analysis revealed that relatively aggressive, bold, explorative and/or active individuals had relatively high metabolic rates, hormone levels, body weights and/or body sizes. The proportion of among-individual variation common to state and behaviour was nevertheless small (approx. 5%). This means that (i) adaptive explanations involving intrinsic states fail to explain much individual variation in behaviour, (ii) empiricists should consider nonlinear, additive or interactive effects of (multiple) intrinsic states, (iii) explanations not involving intrinsic states might be important, or (iv) empirical tests of state-dependent personality theory were inappropriate. Our meta-analysis highlights the importance of feedback between empiricists and theoreticians in the study of adaptive behavioural variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petri T Niemelä
- Behavioural Ecology, Department of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Niels J Dingemanse
- Behavioural Ecology, Department of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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22
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Tigreros N, Wang EH, Thaler JS. Prey nutritional state drives divergent behavioural and physiological responses to predation risk. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Kendall BE, Fox GA, Stover JP. Boldness-aggression syndromes can reduce population density: behavior and demographic heterogeneity. Behav Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arx068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce E Kendall
- Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Gordon A Fox
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joseph P Stover
- Department of Mathematics, Lyon College, Batesville, AR, USA
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24
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Zwolak R. How intraspecific variation in seed-dispersing animals matters for plants. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017; 93:897-913. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Zwolak
- Department of Systematic Zoology, Faculty of Biology; Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89; 61-614 Poznań Poland
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25
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Goulet CT, Thompson MB, Michelangeli M, Wong BBM, Chapple DG. Thermal physiology: A new dimension of the pace-of-life syndrome. J Anim Ecol 2017. [PMID: 28626934 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Current syndrome research focuses primarily on behaviour with few incorporating components of physiology. One such syndrome is the pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) which describes covariation between behaviour, metabolism, immunity, hormonal response, and life-history traits. Despite the strong effect temperature has on behaviour, thermal physiology has yet to be considered within this syndrome framework. We proposed the POLS to be extended to include a new dimension, the cold-hot axis. Under this premise, it is predicted that thermal physiology and behaviour would covary, whereby individual positioning along the thermal continuum would coincide with that of the behavioural continuum. This hypothesis was tested by measuring thermal traits of delicate skinks (Lampropholis delicata) and linking it to their behaviour. Principal components analysis and structural equation modelling were used to determine if traits were structured within the POLS and to characterize the direction of their interactions. Model results supported the inclusion of the cold-hot axis into the POLS and indicated that thermal physiology was the driver of this relationship, in that thermal traits either constrained or promoted activity, exploration, boldness and social behaviour. This study highlights the need to integrate thermal physiology within a syndrome framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine T Goulet
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Mike B Thompson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Bob B M Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - David G Chapple
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
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26
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Braem M, Asher L, Furrer S, Lechner I, Würbel H, Melotti L. Development of the "Highly Sensitive Dog" questionnaire to evaluate the personality dimension "Sensory Processing Sensitivity" in dogs. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177616. [PMID: 28520773 PMCID: PMC5433715 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the personality dimension 'sensory processing sensitivity (SPS)', also referred to as "high sensitivity", involves deeper processing of sensory information, which can be associated with physiological and behavioral overarousal. However, it has not been studied up to now whether this dimension also exists in other species. SPS can influence how people perceive the environment and how this affects them, thus a similar dimension in animals would be highly relevant with respect to animal welfare. We therefore explored whether SPS translates to dogs, one of the primary model species in personality research. A 32-item questionnaire to assess the "highly sensitive dog score" (HSD-s) was developed based on the "highly sensitive person" (HSP) questionnaire. A large-scale, international online survey was conducted, including the HSD questionnaire, as well as questions on fearfulness, neuroticism, "demographic" (e.g. dog sex, age, weight; age at adoption, etc.) and "human" factors (e.g. owner age, sex, profession, communication style, etc.), and the HSP questionnaire. Data were analyzed using linear mixed effect models with forward stepwise selection to test prediction of HSD-s by the above-mentioned factors, with country of residence and dog breed treated as random effects. A total of 3647 questionnaires were fully completed. HSD-, fearfulness, neuroticism and HSP-scores showed good internal consistencies, and HSD-s only moderately correlated with fearfulness and neuroticism scores, paralleling previous findings in humans. Intra- (N = 447) and inter-rater (N = 120) reliabilities were good. Demographic and human factors, including HSP score, explained only a small amount of the variance of HSD-s. A PCA analysis identified three subtraits of SPS, comparable to human findings. Overall, the measured personality dimension in dogs showed good internal consistency, partial independence from fearfulness and neuroticism, and good intra- and inter-rater reliability, indicating good construct validity of the HSD questionnaire. Human and demographic factors only marginally affected the HSD-s suggesting that, as hypothesized for human SPS, a genetic basis may underlie this dimension within the dog species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Braem
- Division of Animal Welfare, Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Lucy Asher
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Sibylle Furrer
- Division of Animal Welfare, Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Lechner
- Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Hanno Würbel
- Division of Animal Welfare, Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Melotti
- Division of Animal Welfare, Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
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27
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Barta Z. Individual variation behind the evolution of cooperation. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 371:20150087. [PMID: 26729927 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Life on Earth has two remarkable properties. The first is variation: even apart from the vast number of extant species, there are considerable differences between individuals within a single species. The second property is cooperation. It is surprising that until recently the interactions between these two properties have rarely been addressed from an evolutionary point of view. Here, I concentrate on how inter-individual differences influence the evolution of cooperation. First, I deal with cases where individuality is maintained by random processes like mutation or phenotypic noise. Second, I examine when differences in state cause differences in behaviour. Finally, I investigate the effects of individual role specialization. Variation can be important in several ways. Increased random variation can change the expectation about cooperativeness of future partners, altering behaviour in a current relationship. Differences in state may serve as a book-keeping mechanism that is necessary for the evolution of reciprocity. If the cost of cooperation can depend on state then strategic regulation of state makes it possible to coerce partners to cooperate. If conditions force individuals to specialize, cooperation becomes more valuable. My review of theoretical models suggests that variation plays an important role in the evolution of cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Barta
- MTA-DE 'Lendület' Behavioural Ecology Research Group, Department of Evolutionary Zoology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Debrecen 4032, Hungary
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28
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Adriaenssens B, Pauliny A, Blomqvist D, Johnsson JI. Telomere length covaries with personality in wild brown trout. Physiol Behav 2016; 165:217-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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29
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Eliassen S, Andersen BS, Jørgensen C, Giske J. From sensing to emergent adaptations: Modelling the proximate architecture for decision-making. Ecol Modell 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Royauté R, Greenlee K, Baldwin M, Dochtermann NA. Behaviour, metabolism and size: phenotypic modularity or integration in Acheta domesticus? Anim Behav 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Zavorka L, Aldven D, Naslund J, Hojesjo J, Johnsson JI. Linking lab activity with growth and movement in the wild: explaining pace-of-life in a trout stream. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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32
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Engqvist L, Cordes N, Reinhold K. Evolution of risk-taking during conspicuous mating displays. Evolution 2015; 69:395-406. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leif Engqvist
- Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University; Bielefeld; Germany
- Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Nils Cordes
- Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University; Bielefeld; Germany
| | - Klaus Reinhold
- Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University; Bielefeld; Germany
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33
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Kjærsgaard A, Blanckenhorn WU, Pertoldi C, Loeschcke V, Kaufmann C, Hald B, Pagès N, Bahrndorff S. Plasticity in behavioural responses and resistance to temperature stress in Musca domestica. Anim Behav 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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34
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Hinde K, Skibiel AL, Foster AB, Del Rosso L, Mendoza SP, Capitanio JP. Cortisol in mother's milk across lactation reflects maternal life history and predicts infant temperament. Behav Ecol 2014; 26:269-281. [PMID: 25713475 PMCID: PMC4309982 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/aru186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In monkeys, high cortisol and changes in cortisol levels in mother’s milk are associated with more nervous and less confident infants. Sons are more sensitive than are daughters to changes in cortisol in mother’s milk across lactation. Females that are earlier in their reproductive career tend to have higher cortisol in their milk. Mothers may be “programming” behaviorally cautious offspring that prioritize growth through cortisol signaling. The maternal environment exerts important influences on offspring mass/growth, metabolism, reproduction, neurobiology, immune function, and behavior among birds, insects, reptiles, fish, and mammals. For mammals, mother’s milk is an important physiological pathway for nutrient transfer and glucocorticoid signaling that potentially influences offspring growth and behavioral phenotype. Glucocorticoids in mother’s milk have been associated with offspring behavioral phenotype in several mammals, but studies have been handicapped by not simultaneously evaluating milk energy density and yield. This is problematic as milk glucocorticoids and nutrients likely have simultaneous effects on offspring phenotype. We investigated mother’s milk and infant temperament and growth in a cohort of rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) mother–infant dyads at the California National Primate Research Center (N = 108). Glucocorticoids in mother’s milk, independent of available milk energy, predicted a more Nervous, less Confident temperament in both sons and daughters. We additionally found sex differences in the windows of sensitivity and the magnitude of sensitivity to maternal-origin glucocorticoids. Lower parity mothers produced milk with higher cortisol concentrations. Lastly, higher cortisol concentrations in milk were associated with greater infant weight gain across time. Taken together, these results suggest that mothers with fewer somatic resources, even in captivity, may be “programming” through cortisol signaling, behaviorally cautious offspring that prioritize growth. Glucocorticoids ingested through milk may importantly contribute to the assimilation of available milk energy, development of temperament, and orchestrate, in part, the allocation of maternal milk energy between growth and behavioral phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Hinde
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University , 11 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 , USA , ; Brain, Mind, and Behavior Unit, California National Primate Research Center, University of Califoria, One Shields Avenue , Davis CA 95616 , USA , ; Nutrition Laboratory, Smithsonian National Zoological Park , 3001 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 , USA
| | - Amy L Skibiel
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University , 11 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 , USA , ; Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University , 101 Rouse Life Science Rd, Auburn, AL, 36849 , USA
| | - Alison B Foster
- Division of Early Childhood, Mills College , 5000 MacArthur Blvd, Oakland, CA, 94613 , USA , and
| | - Laura Del Rosso
- Brain, Mind, and Behavior Unit, California National Primate Research Center, University of Califoria, One Shields Avenue , Davis CA 95616 , USA
| | - Sally P Mendoza
- Brain, Mind, and Behavior Unit, California National Primate Research Center, University of Califoria, One Shields Avenue , Davis CA 95616 , USA , ; Department of Psychology, University of California Davis , One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616 , USA
| | - John P Capitanio
- Brain, Mind, and Behavior Unit, California National Primate Research Center, University of Califoria, One Shields Avenue , Davis CA 95616 , USA , ; Department of Psychology, University of California Davis , One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616 , USA
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35
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Mathot KJ, Nicolaus M, Araya‐Ajoy YG, Dingemanse NJ, Kempenaers B. Does metabolic rate predict risk‐taking behaviour? A field experiment in a wild passerine bird. Funct Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley J. Mathot
- Evolutionary Ecology of Variation Group Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Eberhard Gwinner Straβe DE‐82319 Seewiesen Germany
- Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Eberhard Gwinner Straβe DE‐82319 Seewiesen Germany
| | - Marion Nicolaus
- Evolutionary Ecology of Variation Group Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Eberhard Gwinner Straβe DE‐82319 Seewiesen Germany
- Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Eberhard Gwinner Straβe DE‐82319 Seewiesen Germany
| | - Yimen G. Araya‐Ajoy
- Evolutionary Ecology of Variation Group Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Eberhard Gwinner Straβe DE‐82319 Seewiesen Germany
- Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Eberhard Gwinner Straβe DE‐82319 Seewiesen Germany
| | - Niels J. Dingemanse
- Evolutionary Ecology of Variation Group Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Eberhard Gwinner Straβe DE‐82319 Seewiesen Germany
- Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Eberhard Gwinner Straβe DE‐82319 Seewiesen Germany
- Behavioural Ecology Department Biology II Ludwig‐Maximilians University of Munich Groβhadener Straβe 2 DE‐ 82152 Planegg‐Martinsried Munich Germany
| | - Bart Kempenaers
- Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Eberhard Gwinner Straβe DE‐82319 Seewiesen Germany
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36
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37
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McGhee KE, Pintor LM, Bell AM. Reciprocal behavioral plasticity and behavioral types during predator-prey interactions. Am Nat 2013; 182:704-17. [PMID: 24231533 DOI: 10.1086/673526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
How predators and prey interact has important consequences for population dynamics and community stability. Here we explored how predator-prey interactions are simultaneously affected by reciprocal behavioral plasticity (i.e., plasticity in prey defenses countered by plasticity in predator offenses and vice versa) and consistent individual behavioral variation (i.e., behavioral types) within both predator and prey populations. We assessed the behavior of a predator species (northern pike) and a prey species (three-spined stickleback) during one-on-one encounters. We also measured additional behavioral and morphological traits in each species. Using structural equation modeling, we found that reciprocal behavioral plasticity as well as predator and prey behavioral types influenced how individuals behaved during an interaction. Thus, the progression and ultimate outcome of predator-prey interactions depend on both the dynamic behavioral feedback occurring during the encounter and the underlying behavioral type of each participant. We also examined whether predator behavioral type is underlain by differences in metabolism and organ size. We provide some of the first evidence that behavioral type is related to resting metabolic rate and size of a sensory organ (the eyes). Understanding the extent to which reciprocal behavioral plasticity and intraspecific behavioral variation influence the outcome of species interactions could provide insight into the maintenance of behavioral variation as well as community dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E McGhee
- School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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38
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Long E, Jacobsen T, Nelson B, Steensma K. Conditional daily and seasonal movement strategies of male Columbia black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus). CAN J ZOOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2013-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Animals move to maximize fitness via resource acquisition, predator avoidance, thermoregulation, or mate access. Variations in movement strategies among and within populations often reflect habitat- or demographic-specific variations in fitness trade-offs. To examine these conditional movement strategies, we modeled seasonal and diel movement patterns of radio-collared adult male Columbia black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus (Richardson, 1829)) on a temperate, predator-free island. Linear 10 h displacement and home-range areas reached annual maxima during autumn and minima during late winter, corresponding with known dates for breeding season and lowest quality forage, respectively. For all males in all years, initiation of increased movements began during spring and again, abruptly, in late September, immediately prior to peak breeding season. Larger antlered males continued increased movements longer into December, suggesting increased breeding effort relative to smaller antlered males. Time of day predicted movements during all seasons; however, we observed no strong evidence of the crepuscular or nocturnal movement bias typically noted in deer, likely relating to the lack of predators in our study area. In this way, male black-tailed deer adopted conditional, seasonally specific movement strategies to balance fitness trade-offs in resource acquisition, thermoregulation, and mate access.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.S. Long
- Department of Biology, Seattle Pacific University, 3307 Third Avenue West, Seattle, WA 98119, USA
| | - T.C. Jacobsen
- Department of Biology, Seattle Pacific University, 3307 Third Avenue West, Seattle, WA 98119, USA
| | - B.J. Nelson
- Department of Biology, Seattle Pacific University, 3307 Third Avenue West, Seattle, WA 98119, USA
| | - K.M.M. Steensma
- Department of Biology, Seattle Pacific University, 3307 Third Avenue West, Seattle, WA 98119, USA
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39
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Mathot KJ, Dall SRX. Metabolic rates can drive individual differences in information and insurance use under the risk of starvation. Am Nat 2013; 182:611-20. [PMID: 24107368 DOI: 10.1086/673300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Variation in how individuals invest in acquiring information (sampling) and in insuring themselves against potential negative consequences of uncertainty (e.g., by storing energy reserves) has been suggested to underlie consistent individual differences in suites of behavioral traits. However, the key drivers of individual differences in information use remain poorly understood. We use dynamic programming to explore how existing variation in metabolic rates (MRs) affects the use of sampling and insurance under starvation risk. Our analysis reveals nonlinear effects of MRs on diurnal patterns of sampling and insurance. Individuals with low MRs accrue reserves quickly, because they invest in sampling and are able to exploit profitable options when they arise. Individuals with intermediate MRs initially lose reserves, because sampling, while optimal, is relatively expensive; however, they later build reserves due to efficient exploitation of alternative foraging options. Sampling rarely pays for individuals with the highest MRs, which show relatively constant levels of energy reserves throughout the foraging period. Thus, individual variation in MRs on the scale observed in natural populations can lead to important differences in investment in sampling and insurance and may underpin consistent individual differences in suites of other behavioral traits, including individual differences in behavioral responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley J Mathot
- Evolutionary Ecology of Variation Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Strasse Haus 7, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany
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40
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How does temperature affect behaviour? Multilevel analysis of plasticity, personality and predictability in hermit crabs. Anim Behav 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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41
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Houston AI, McNamara JM. Foraging currencies, metabolism and behavioural routines. J Anim Ecol 2013; 83:30-40. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alasdair I. Houston
- MAD Group; School of Biological Sciences; University of Bristol; Woodland Road Bristol BS8 1UG UK
| | - John M. McNamara
- MAD Group; School of Mathematics; University of Bristol; University Walk Bristol BS8 1TW UK
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42
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Jenjan H, Mesquita F, Huntingford F, Adams C. Respiratory function in common carp with different stress coping styles: a hidden cost of personality traits? Anim Behav 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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43
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Basal metabolic rate can evolve independently of morphological and behavioural traits. Heredity (Edinb) 2013; 111:175-81. [PMID: 23632896 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2013.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative genetic analyses of basal metabolic rate (BMR) can inform us about the evolvability of the trait by providing estimates of heritability, and also of genetic correlations with other traits that may constrain the ability of BMR to respond to selection. Here, we studied a captive population of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) in which selection lines for male courtship rate have been established. We measure BMR in these lines to see whether selection on male sexual activity would change BMR as a potentially correlated trait. We find that the genetic correlation between courtship rate and BMR is practically zero, indicating that the two traits can evolve independently of each other. Interestingly, we find that the heritability of BMR in our population (h(2)=0.45) is markedly higher than was previously reported for a captive zebra finch population from Norway. A comparison of the two studies shows that additive genetic variance in BMR has been largely depleted in the Norwegian population, especially the genetic variance in BMR that is independent of body mass. In our population, the slope of BMR increase with body mass differs not only between the sexes but also between the six selection lines, which we tentatively attribute to genetic drift and/or founder effects being strong in small populations. Our study therefore highlights two things. First, the evolvability of BMR may be less constrained by genetic correlations and lack of independent genetic variation than previously described. Second, genetic drift in small populations can rapidly lead to different evolvabilities across populations.
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Dingemanse NJ, Dochtermann NA. Quantifying individual variation in behaviour: mixed-effect modelling approaches. J Anim Ecol 2012; 82:39-54. [PMID: 23171297 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 682] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels J. Dingemanse
- Evolutionary Ecology of Variation Group; Max Planck Institute for Ornithology; Eberhard-Gwinner-Straße 82319 Seewiesen (Starnberg) Germany
- Department Biology II, Behavioural Ecology; Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Großhadener Strasse 2 82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany
| | - Ned A. Dochtermann
- Department of Biological Sciences; North Dakota State University; 1340 Bolley Drive Fargo ND 58102 USA
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GILLINGHAM MARKAF, BECHET ARNAUD, GERACI JULIA, WATTIER REMI, DUBREUIL CHRISTINE, CEZILLY FRANK. Genetic polymorphism in dopamine receptor D4 is associated with early body condition in a large population of greater flamingos,Phoenicopterus roseus. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:4024-37. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2012.05669.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wolf M, McNamara JM. On the evolution of personalities via frequency-dependent selection. Am Nat 2012; 179:679-92. [PMID: 22617258 DOI: 10.1086/665656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Personality differences can be found in a wide range of species across the animal kingdom, but why natural selection gave rise to such differences remains an open question. Frequency-dependent selection is a potent mechanism explaining variation; it does not explain, however, the other two key features associated with personalities, consistency and correlations. Using the hawk-dove game and a frequency-dependent foraging game as examples, we here show that this changes fundamentally whenever one takes into account the physiological architecture underlying behavior (e.g., metabolism). We find that the inclusion of physiology changes the evolutionary predictions concerning consistency and correlations: while selection gives rise to inconsistent individuals and stochastically fluctuating behavioral correlations in scenarios that neglect physiology, we find high levels of behavioral consistency and tight and stable trait correlations in scenarios that incorporate physiology. The coevolution of behavioral and physiological traits also gives rise to adaptive physiological differences that are systematically associated with behavioral differences. As well as providing a framework for understanding behavioral consistency and behavioral correlations, our work thus also provides an explanation for systematic physiological differences within populations, a phenomenon that appears to exist in a wide range of species but that, up to now, has been poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Wolf
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Mueggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany.
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Mathot KJ, Wright J, Kempenaers B, Dingemanse NJ. Adaptive strategies for managing uncertainty may explain personality-related differences in behavioural plasticity. OIKOS 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.20339.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Taylor RW, Boon AK, Dantzer B, Réale D, Humphries MM, Boutin S, Gorrell JC, Coltman DW, McAdam AG. Low heritabilities, but genetic and maternal correlations between red squirrel behaviours. J Evol Biol 2012; 25:614-24. [PMID: 22268892 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02456.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Consistent individual differences in behaviour, and behavioural correlations within and across contexts, are referred to as animal personalities. These patterns of variation have been identified in many animal taxa and are likely to have important ecological and evolutionary consequences. Despite their importance, genetic and environmental sources of variation in personalities have rarely been characterized in wild populations. We used a Bayesian animal model approach to estimate genetic parameters for aggression, activity and docility in North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). We found support for low heritabilities (0.08-0.12), and cohort effects (0.07-0.09), as well as low to moderate maternal effects (0.07-0.15) and permanent environmental effects (0.08-0.16). Finally, we found evidence of a substantial positive genetic correlation (0.68) and maternal effects correlation (0.58) between activity and aggression providing evidence of genetically based behavioural correlations in red squirrels. These results provide evidence for the presence of heritable variation in red squirrel behaviour, but also emphasize the role of other sources of variation, including maternal effects, in shaping patterns of variation and covariation in behavioural traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W Taylor
- Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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CAREAU V, THOMAS D, PELLETIER F, TURKI L, LANDRY F, GARANT D, RÉALE D. Genetic correlation between resting metabolic rate and exploratory behaviour in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). J Evol Biol 2011; 24:2153-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02344.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Réale D, Dingemanse NJ, Kazem AJN, Wright J. Evolutionary and ecological approaches to the study of personality. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2011; 365:3937-46. [PMID: 21078646 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This introduction to the themed issue on Evolutionary and ecological approaches to the study of personality provides an overview of conceptual, theoretical and methodological progress in research on animal personalities over the last decade, and places the contributions to this volume in context. The issue has three main goals. First, we aimed to bring together theoreticians to contribute to the development of models providing adaptive explanations for animal personality that could guide empiricists, and stimulate exchange of ideas between the two groups of researchers. Second, we aimed to stimulate cross-fertilization between different scientific fields that study personality, namely behavioural ecology, psychology, genomics, quantitative genetics, neuroendocrinology and developmental biology. Third, we aimed to foster the application of an evolutionary framework to the study of personality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Réale
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
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