1
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Kriete A. Dissipative scaling of development and aging in multicellular organisms. Biosystems 2024; 237:105157. [PMID: 38367762 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Evolution, self-replication and ontogenesis are highly dynamic, irreversible and self-organizing processes dissipating energy. While progress has been made to decipher the role of thermodynamics in cellular fission, it is not yet clear how entropic balances shape organism growth and aging. This paper derives a general dissipation theory for the life history of organisms. It implies a self-regulated energy dissipation facilitating exponential growth within a hierarchical and entropy lowering self-organization. The theory predicts ceilings in energy expenditures imposed by geometric constrains, which promote thermal optimality during development, and a dissipative scaling across organisms consistent with ecological scaling laws combining isometric and allometric terms. The theory also illustrates how growing organisms can tolerate damage through continuous extension and production of new dissipative structures low in entropy. However, when organisms reduce their rate of cell division and reach a steady adult state, they become thermodynamically unstable, increase internal entropy by accumulating damage, and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Kriete
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Bossone Research Center, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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2
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Pearce S, Lin C, Pérez-Mercader J. Adaptive and Dissipative Hierarchical Population Crowding of Synthetic Protocells through Click-PISA under Gradient Energy Inputs. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2457-2464. [PMID: 38373157 PMCID: PMC10906081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The ability of living objects to respond rapidly en masse to various stimuli or stress is an important function in response to externally applied changes in the local environment. This occurs across many length scales, for instance, bacteria swarming in response to different stimuli or stress and macromolecular crowding within cells. Currently there are few mechanisms to induce similar autonomous behaviors within populations of synthetic protocells. Herein, we report a system in which populations of individual objects behave in a coordinated manner in response to changes in the energetic environment by the emergent self-organization of large object swarms. These swarms contain protocell populations of approximately 60 000 individuals. We demonstrate the dissipative nature of the hierarchical constructs, which persist under appropriate UV stimulation. Finally, we identify the ability of the object populations to change behaviors in an adaptive population-wide response to the local energetic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Pearce
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Origins of Life Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Chenyu Lin
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Origins of Life Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Juan Pérez-Mercader
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Origins of Life Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- The
Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501, United States
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3
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Pfeifer CR, Shyer AE, Rodrigues AR. Creative processes during vertebrate organ morphogenesis: Biophysical self-organization at the supracellular scale. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 86:102305. [PMID: 38181658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Here, we review recent developments in the literature that provide insight into self-organization at supracellular scales in vertebrate organ morphogenesis. We briefly present a historical and conceptual analysis of the term "self-organization." Based on this analysis, we suggest that self-organizing processes, at their root, possess a form of causal relationship, reciprocal causality, that is markedly distinct from linear causal chains. We survey the extent to which reciprocal causality can be used to interpret or clarify supracellular studies in development and disease. Finally, we explore how reciprocal causality can exist across length-scales, identifying situations where multiple scales require simultaneous analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte R Pfeifer
- Laboratory of Morphogenesis, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Amy E Shyer
- Laboratory of Morphogenesis, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alan R Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Morphogenesis, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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4
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Brown OR, Hullender DA. Biological evolution requires an emergent, self-organizing principle. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023:S0079-6107(23)00058-5. [PMID: 37343790 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
In this perspective review, we assess fundamental flaws in Darwinian evolution, including its modern versions. Fixed mutations 'explain' microevolution but not macroevolution including speciation events and the origination of all the major body plans of the Cambrian explosion. Complex, multifactorial change is required for speciation events and inevitably requires self-organization beyond what is accomplished by known mechanisms. The assembly of ribosomes and ATP synthase are specific examples. We propose their origin is a model for what is unexplained in biological evolution. Probability of evolution is modeled in Section 9 and values are absurdly improbable. Speciation and higher taxonomic changes become exponentially less probable as the number of required, genetically-based events increase. Also, the power required of the proposed selection mechanism (survival of the fittest) is nil for any biological advance requiring multiple changes, because they regularly occur in multiple generations (different genomes) and would not be selectively conserved by the concept survival of the fittest (a concept ultimately centered on the individual). Thus, survival of the fittest cannot 'explain' the origin of the millions of current and extinct species. We also focus on the inadequacies of laboratory chemistry to explain the complex, required biological self-organization seen in cells. We propose that a 'bioelectromagnetic' field/principle emerges in living cells. Synthesis by self-organization of massive molecular complexes involves biochemical responses to this emergent field/principle. There are ramifications for philosophy, science, and religion. Physics and mathematics must be more strongly integrated with biology and integration should receive dedicated funding with special emphasis for medical applications; treatment of cancer and genetic diseases are examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olen R Brown
- Emeritus of Biomedical Sciences, at the University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - David A Hullender
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the University of Texas at Arlington, USA
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5
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Avinery R, Aina KO, Dyson CJ, Kuan HS, Betterton MD, Goodisman MAD, Goldman DI. Agitated ants: regulation and self-organization of incipient nest excavation via collisional cues. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20220597. [PMID: 37194494 PMCID: PMC10189599 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ants are millimetres in scale yet collectively create metre-scale nests in diverse substrates. To discover principles by which ant collectives self-organize to excavate crowded, narrow tunnels, we studied incipient excavation in small groups of fire ants in quasi-two-dimensional arenas. Excavation rates displayed three stages: initially excavation occurred at a constant rate, followed by a rapid decay, and finally a slower decay scaling in time as t-1/2. We used a cellular automata model to understand such scaling and motivate how rate modulation emerges without global control. In the model, ants estimated their collision frequency with other ants, but otherwise did not communicate. To capture early excavation rates, we introduced the concept of 'agitation'-a tendency of individuals to avoid rest if collisions are frequent. The model reproduced the observed multi-stage excavation dynamics; analysis revealed how parameters affected features of multi-stage progression. Moreover, a scaling argument without ant-ant interactions captures tunnel growth power-law at long times. Our study demonstrates how individual ants may use local collisional cues to achieve functional global self-organization. Such contact-based decisions could be leveraged by other living and non-living collectives to perform tasks in confined and crowded environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Avinery
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kehinde O. Aina
- Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carl J. Dyson
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hui-Shun Kuan
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel I. Goldman
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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6
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Sokolova A, Galic M. Modulation of self-organizing circuits at deforming membranes by intracellular and extracellular factors. Biol Chem 2023; 404:417-425. [PMID: 36626681 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical forces exerted to the plasma membrane induce cell shape changes. These transient shape changes trigger, among others, enrichment of curvature-sensitive molecules at deforming membrane sites. Strikingly, some curvature-sensing molecules not only detect membrane deformation but can also alter the amplitude of forces that caused to shape changes in the first place. This dual ability of sensing and inducing membrane deformation leads to the formation of curvature-dependent self-organizing signaling circuits. How these cell-autonomous circuits are affected by auxiliary parameters from inside and outside of the cell has remained largely elusive. Here, we explore how such factors modulate self-organization at the micro-scale and its emerging properties at the macroscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Sokolova
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 31, 48149 Münster, Germany.,CiM-IMRPS Graduate Program, Schlossplatz 5, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Milos Galic
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 31, 48149 Münster, Germany.,'Cells in Motion' Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Röntgenstraße 16, 48149 Münster, Germany
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7
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Pawluchin A, Galic M. Moving through a changing world: Single cell migration in 2D vs. 3D. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1080995. [PMID: 36605722 PMCID: PMC9810339 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1080995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration of single adherent cells is frequently observed in the developing and adult organism and has been the subject of many studies. Yet, while elegant work has elucidated molecular and mechanical cues affecting motion dynamics on a flat surface, it remains less clear how cells migrate in a 3D setting. In this review, we explore the changing parameters encountered by cells navigating through a 3D microenvironment compared to cells crawling on top of a 2D surface, and how these differences alter subcellular structures required for propulsion. We further discuss how such changes at the micro-scale impact motion pattern at the macro-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pawluchin
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,CIM-IMRPS Graduate Program, Münster, Germany
| | - Milos Galic
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,*Correspondence: Milos Galic,
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8
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Khaldi B, Harrou F, Cherif F, Sun Y. Toward Emerging Cubic-Spline Patterns With a Mobile Robotics Swarm System. IEEE Trans Cogn Dev Syst 2022. [DOI: 10.1109/tcds.2021.3054997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Belkacem Khaldi
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LabRI-SBA) de lŠESI-SBA, Ecole Supèrieure en Informatique de Sidi Bel Abbès, Yvette, Algeria
| | - Fouzi Harrou
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Foudil Cherif
- Department of Computer Science, LESIA Laboratory, University of Mohamed Khider, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Ying Sun
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Ackroyd AJ, Holló G, Mundoor H, Zhang H, Gang O, Smalyukh II, Lagzi I, Kumacheva E. Self-organization of nanoparticles and molecules in periodic Liesegang-type structures. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe3801. [PMID: 33863721 PMCID: PMC8051880 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe3801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chemical organization in reaction-diffusion systems offers a strategy for the generation of materials with ordered morphologies and structural hierarchy. Periodic structures are formed by either molecules or nanoparticles. On the premise of new directing factors and materials, an emerging frontier is the design of systems in which the precipitation partners are nanoparticles and molecules. We show that solvent evaporation from a suspension of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and l-(+)-tartaric acid [l-(+)-TA] causes phase separation and precipitation, which, being coupled with a reaction/diffusion, results in rhythmic alternation of CNC-rich and l-(+)-TA-rich rings. The CNC-rich regions have a cholesteric structure, while the l-(+)-TA-rich bands are formed by radially aligned elongated bundles. The moving edge of the pattern propagates with a finite constant velocity, which enables control of periodicity by varying film preparation conditions. This work expands knowledge about self-organizing reaction-diffusion systems and offers a strategy for the design of self-organizing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Ackroyd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Gábor Holló
- BME-MTA Condensed Matter Physics Research Group, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
| | - Haridas Mundoor
- Department of Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute (RASEI), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Honghu Zhang
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Oleg Gang
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Ivan I Smalyukh
- Department of Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute (RASEI), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - István Lagzi
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
- Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
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10
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Shirzhiyan Z, Keihani A, Farahi M, Shamsi E, GolMohammadi M, Mahnam A, Haidari MR, Jafari AH. Toward New Modalities in VEP-Based BCI Applications Using Dynamical Stimuli: Introducing Quasi-Periodic and Chaotic VEP-Based BCI. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:534619. [PMID: 33328841 PMCID: PMC7718037 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.534619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to periodic stimuli are commonly used in brain computer interfaces for their favorable properties such as high target identification accuracy, less training time, and low surrounding target interference. Conventional periodic stimuli can lead to subjective visual fatigue due to continuous and high contrast stimulation. In this study, we compared quasi-periodic and chaotic complex stimuli to common periodic stimuli for use with VEP-based brain computer interfaces (BCIs). Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and coherence methods were used to evaluate the performance of the three stimulus groups. Subjective fatigue caused by the presented stimuli was evaluated by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Using CCA with the M2 template approach, target identification accuracy was highest for the chaotic stimuli (M = 86.8, SE = 1.8) compared to the quasi-periodic (M = 78.1, SE = 2.6, p = 0.008) and periodic (M = 64.3, SE = 1.9, p = 0.0001) stimulus groups. The evaluation of fatigue rates revealed that the chaotic stimuli caused less fatigue compared to the quasi-periodic (p = 0.001) and periodic (p = 0.0001) stimulus groups. In addition, the quasi-periodic stimuli led to lower fatigue rates compared to the periodic stimuli (p = 0.011). We conclude that the target identification results were better for the chaotic group compared to the other two stimulus groups with CCA. In addition, the chaotic stimuli led to a less subjective visual fatigue compared to the periodic and quasi-periodic stimuli and can be suitable for designing new comfortable VEP-based BCIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shirzhiyan
- Computational Neuroscience, Institute of Medical Technology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, Germany.,Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Keihani
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Farahi
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Shamsi
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina GolMohammadi
- Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Mahnam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Reza Haidari
- Section of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Homayoun Jafari
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Mancinelli G, Galic M. Exploring the interdependence between self-organization and functional morphology in cellular systems. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/13/jcs242479. [PMID: 32620564 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.242479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
All living matter is subject to continuous adaptation and functional optimization via natural selection. Consequentially, structures with close morphological resemblance repeatedly appear across the phylogenetic tree. How these designs emerge at the cellular level is not fully understood. Here, we explore core concepts of functional morphology and discuss its cause and consequences, with a specific focus on emerging properties of self-organizing systems as the potential driving force. We conclude with open questions and limitations that are present when studying shape-function interdependence in single cells and cellular ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Mancinelli
- 'Cells in Motion' Interfaculty Centre, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany.,Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, 49149 Muenster, Germany.,CIM-IMRPS Graduate Program, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Milos Galic
- 'Cells in Motion' Interfaculty Centre, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany .,Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, 49149 Muenster, Germany
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12
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Nakashima KK, Vibhute MA, Spruijt E. Biomolecular Chemistry in Liquid Phase Separated Compartments. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:21. [PMID: 31001538 PMCID: PMC6456709 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochemical processes inside the cell take place in a complex environment that is highly crowded, heterogeneous, and replete with interfaces. The recently recognized importance of biomolecular condensates in cellular organization has added new elements of complexity to our understanding of chemistry in the cell. Many of these condensates are formed by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and behave like liquid droplets. Such droplet organelles can be reproduced and studied in vitro by using coacervates and have some remarkable features, including regulated assembly, differential partitioning of macromolecules, permeability to small molecules, and a uniquely crowded environment. Here, we review the main principles of biochemical organization in model membraneless compartments. We focus on some promising in vitro coacervate model systems that aptly mimic part of the compartmentalized cellular environment. We address the physicochemical characteristics of these liquid phase separated compartments, and their impact on biomolecular chemistry and assembly. These model systems enable a systematic investigation of the role of spatiotemporal organization of biomolecules in controlling biochemical processes in the cell, and they provide crucial insights for the development of functional artificial organelles and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Evan Spruijt
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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13
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Wedlich-Söldner R, Betz T. Self-organization: the fundament of cell biology. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 373:rstb.2017.0103. [PMID: 29632257 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-organization refers to the emergence of an overall order in time and space of a given system that results from the collective interactions of its individual components. This concept has been widely recognized as a core principle in pattern formation for multi-component systems of the physical, chemical and biological world. It can be distinguished from self-assembly by the constant input of energy required to maintain order-and self-organization therefore typically occurs in non-equilibrium or dissipative systems. Cells, with their constant energy consumption and myriads of local interactions between distinct proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids, represent the perfect playground for self-organization. It therefore comes as no surprise that many properties and features of self-organized systems, such as spontaneous formation of patterns, nonlinear coupling of reactions, bi-stable switches, waves and oscillations, are found in all aspects of modern cell biology. Ultimately, self-organization lies at the heart of the robustness and adaptability found in cellular and organismal organization, and hence constitutes a fundamental basis for natural selection and evolution.This article is part of the theme issue 'Self-organization in cell biology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Wedlich-Söldner
- Excellence cluster Cells in Motion (CiM), Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Timo Betz
- Excellence cluster Cells in Motion (CiM), Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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14
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Shirzhiyan Z, Keihani A, Farahi M, Shamsi E, GolMohammadi M, Mahnam A, Haidari MR, Jafari AH. Introducing chaotic codes for the modulation of code modulated visual evoked potentials (c-VEP) in normal adults for visual fatigue reduction. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213197. [PMID: 30840671 PMCID: PMC6402685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Code modulated Visual Evoked Potentials (c-VEP) based BCI studies usually employ m-sequences as a modulating codes for their broadband spectrum and correlation property. However, subjective fatigue of the presented codes has been a problem. In this study, we introduce chaotic codes containing broadband spectrum and similar correlation property. We examined whether the introduced chaotic codes could be decoded from EEG signals and also compared the subjective fatigue level with m-sequence codes in normal subjects. We generated chaotic code from one-dimensional logistic map and used it with conventional 31-bit m-sequence code. In a c-VEP based study in normal subjects (n = 44, 21 females) we presented these codes visually and recorded EEG signals from the corresponding codes for their four lagged versions. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and spatiotemporal beamforming (STB) methods were used for target identification and comparison of responses. Additionally, we compared the subjective self-declared fatigue using VAS caused by presented m-sequence and chaotic codes. The introduced chaotic code was decoded from EEG responses with CCA and STB methods. The maximum total accuracy values of 93.6 ± 11.9% and 94 ± 14.4% were achieved with STB method for chaotic and m-sequence codes for all subjects respectively. The achieved accuracies in all subjects were not significantly different in m-sequence and chaotic codes. There was significant reduction in subjective fatigue caused by chaotic codes compared to the m-sequence codes. Both m-sequence and chaotic codes were similar in their accuracies as evaluated by CCA and STB methods. The chaotic codes significantly reduced subjective fatigue compared to the m-sequence codes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shirzhiyan
- Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Keihani
- Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Farahi
- Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Shamsi
- Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina GolMohammadi
- Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Mahnam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Reza Haidari
- Section of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Homayoun Jafari
- Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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