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Hudson LK, Orellana LAG, Bryan DW, Moore A, Munafo JP, den Bakker HC, Denes TG. Phylogeny of the Bacillus altitudinis Complex and Characterization of a Newly Isolated Strain with Antilisterial Activity. J Food Prot 2021; 84:1321-1332. [PMID: 33793813 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-20-498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Bacillus strain UTK D1-0055 was isolated from a laboratory environment and appeared to have antilisterial activity. The genome was sequenced, the strain was identified as Bacillus altitudinis, and a high-quality complete annotated genome was produced. The taxonomy was evaluated for this and related Bacillus species (B. aerophilus, B. pumilus, B. safensis, B. stratosphericus, and B. xiamenensis) because the taxonomy is unclear and contains errors in public databases such as NCBI. The included strains grouped into seven clusters based on average nucleotide identity. Strains designated as B. aerophilus, B. altitudinis, and B. stratosphericus grouped together in the cluster containing the B. altitudinis type strain, suggesting that these three species should be considered a single species, B. altitudinis. The antimicrobial activity of UTK D1-0055 was evaluated against a panel of 15 Listeria strains (nine Listeria monocytogenes serotypes, Listeria innocua, and Listeria marthii), other foodborne pathogens (six Salmonella enterica serotypes and Escherichia coli), and three representative fungi (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Botrytis cinerea, and Hyperdermium pulvinatum). Antibacterial activity was observed against all Listeria strains, but no antibacterial effects were found against the other tested bacterial and fungal strains. Biosynthetic gene clusters were identified in silico that may be related to the observed antibacterial activity, and these clusters included genes that putatively encode bacteriocins and nonribosomally synthesized peptides. The B. altitudinis strain identified in this investigation had a broad range of antilisterial activity, suggesting that it and other related strains may be useful for biocontrol in the food industry. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K Hudson
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Leticia A G Orellana
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.,Zamorano Pan-American Agricultural School, San Antonio de Oriente, Francisco Morazán, Honduras
| | - Daniel W Bryan
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Andrew Moore
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - John P Munafo
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Henk C den Bakker
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Thomas G Denes
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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Husni AAA, Ismail SI, Jaafar NM, Zulperi D. Current Classification of the Bacillus pumilus Group Species, the Rubber-Pathogenic Bacteria Causing Trunk Bulges Disease in Malaysia as Assessed by MLSA and Multi rep-PCR Approaches. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 37:243-257. [PMID: 34111914 PMCID: PMC8200583 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.02.2021.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus pumilus is the causal agent of trunk bulges disease affecting rubber and rubberwood quality and yield production. In this study, B. pumilus and other closely related species were included in B. pumilus group, as they shared over 99.5% similarity from 16S rRNA analysis. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of five housekeeping genes and repetitive elements-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) using REP, ERIC, and BOX primers conducted to analyze the diversity and systematic relationships of 20 isolates of B. pumilus group from four rubber tree plantations in Peninsular Malaysia (Serdang, Tanah Merah, Baling, and Rawang). Multi rep-PCR results revealed the genetic profiling among the B. pumilus group isolates, while MLSA results showed 98-100% similarity across the 20 isolates of B. pumilus group species. These 20 isolates, formerly established as B. pumilus, were found not to be grouped with B. pumilus. However, being distributed within distinctive groups of the B. pumilus group comprising of two clusters, A and B. Cluster A contained of 17 isolates close to B. altitudinis, whereas Cluster B consisted of three isolates attributed to B. safensis. This is the first MLSA and rep-PCR study on B. pumilus group, which provides an in-depth understanding of the diversity of these rubber-pathogenic isolates in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainur Ainiah Azman Husni
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Izera Ismail
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noraini Md. Jaafar
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Dzarifah Zulperi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Sustainable Resources Management, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Espariz M, Zuljan FA, Esteban L, Magni C. Taxonomic Identity Resolution of Highly Phylogenetically Related Strains and Selection of Phylogenetic Markers by Using Genome-Scale Methods: The Bacillus pumilus Group Case. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163098. [PMID: 27658251 PMCID: PMC5033322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus pumilus group strains have been studied due their agronomic, biotechnological or pharmaceutical potential. Classifying strains of this taxonomic group at species level is a challenging procedure since it is composed of seven species that share among them over 99.5% of 16S rRNA gene identity. In this study, first, a whole-genome in silico approach was used to accurately demarcate B. pumilus group strains, as a case of highly phylogenetically related taxa, at the species level. In order to achieve that and consequently to validate or correct taxonomic identities of genomes in public databases, an average nucleotide identity correlation, a core-based phylogenomic and a gene function repertory analyses were performed. Eventually, more than 50% such genomes were found to be misclassified. Hierarchical clustering of gene functional repertoires was also used to infer ecotypes among B. pumilus group species. Furthermore, for the first time the machine-learning algorithm Random Forest was used to rank genes in order of their importance for species classification. We found that ybbP, a gene involved in the synthesis of cyclic di-AMP, was the most important gene for accurately predicting species identity among B. pumilus group strains. Finally, principal component analysis was used to classify strains based on the distances between their ybbP genes. The methodologies described could be utilized more broadly to identify other highly phylogenetically related species in metagenomic or epidemiological assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Espariz
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET), Suipacha 590, (S2002LRK) Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, (S2002LRK) Rosario, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - Federico A. Zuljan
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET), Suipacha 590, (S2002LRK) Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, (S2002LRK) Rosario, Argentina
| | - Luis Esteban
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Santa Fe 3100, (S2002LRK) Rosario, Argentina
| | - Christian Magni
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET), Suipacha 590, (S2002LRK) Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, (S2002LRK) Rosario, Argentina
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Zhang Y, Li X, Hao Z, Xi R, Cai Y, Liao X. Hydrogen Peroxide-Resistant CotA and YjqC of Bacillus altitudinis Spores Are a Promising Biocatalyst for Catalyzing Reduction of Sinapic Acid and Sinapine in Rapeseed Meal. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158351. [PMID: 27362423 PMCID: PMC4928806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
For the more efficient detoxification of phenolic compounds, a promising avenue would be to develop a multi-enzyme biocatalyst comprising peroxidase, laccase and other oxidases. However, the development of this multi-enzyme biocatalyst is limited by the vulnerability of fungal laccases and peroxidases to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced inactivation. Therefore, H2O2-resistant peroxidase and laccase should be exploited. In this study, H2O2-stable CotA and YjqC were isolated from the outer coat of Bacillus altitudinis SYBC hb4 spores. In addition to the thermal and alkali stability of catalytic activity, CotA also exhibited a much higher H2O2 tolerance than fungal laccases from Trametes versicolor and Trametes trogii. YjqC is a sporulation-related manganese (Mn) catalase with striking peroxidase activity for sinapic acid (SA) and sinapine (SNP). In contrast to the typical heme-containing peroxidases, the peroxidase activity of YjqC was also highly resistant to inhibition by H2O2 and heat. CotA could also catalyze the oxidation of SA and SNP. CotA had a much higher affinity for SA than B. subtilis CotA. CotA and YjqC rendered from B. altitudinis spores had promising laccase and peroxidase activities for SA and SNP. Specifically, the B. altitudinis spores could be regarded as a multi-enzyme biocatalyst composed of CotA and YjqC. The B. altitudinis spores were efficient for catalyzing the degradation of SA and SNP in rapeseed meal. Moreover, efficiency of the spore-catalyzed degradation of SA and SNP was greatly improved by the presence of 15 mM H2O2. This effect was largely attributed to synergistic biocatalysis of the H2O2-resistant CotA and YjqC toward SA and SNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhou Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xunhang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, China
- The Bioscience and Engineering College, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Zhikui Hao
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, Taizhou Vocational & Technical College, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Ruchun Xi
- College of Forestry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yujie Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiangru Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, China
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Liu Y, Lai Q, Du J, Shao Z. Bacillus zhangzhouensis sp. nov. and Bacillus australimaris sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 66:1193-1199. [PMID: 26705002 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two strains, designated DW5-4T and NH7I_1T, were isolated from aquaculture water of a shrimp farm of Zhangzhou city in China and from surface sediment of the South China Sea, respectively. Cells of the strains were Gram-stain-positive, oxidase- and catalase-positive, rod-shaped and motile. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the two strains belonged to the Bacillus pumilus clade. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strains DW5-4T and NH7I_1T was 99.8 %, and between each of the two strains and four type strains, B. pumilus ATCC 7061T, Bacillus safensis FO-36bT, Bacillus altitudinis 41KF2bT and Bacillus xiamenensis HYC-10T, were above 99.4 %. The digital DNA-DNA hybridization value between the two novel strains was 41.6 %, and between each of the two strains and the four above-mentioned type strains were below 53.0 %. In both strains, the principal fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0, and the isoprenoid quinone was identified as MK-7 (100 %). The DNA G+C contents of strains DW5-4T and NH7I_1T were 41.4 and 41.3 mol%, respectively. Based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, two novel species of the genus Bacillus are proposed: Bacillus zhangzhouensis sp. nov., with DW5-4T ( = MCCC 1A08372T = LMG 27144T = KCTC 33531T) as the type strain, and Bacillus australimaris sp. nov., with NH7I_1T ( = MCCC 1A05787T = LMG 27697T = KCTC 33532T) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA; Collaborative Innovation Center of Deep Sea Biology; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, PRChina
| | - Qiliang Lai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA; Collaborative Innovation Center of Deep Sea Biology; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, PRChina
| | - Juan Du
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA; Collaborative Innovation Center of Deep Sea Biology; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, PRChina
| | - Zongze Shao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA; Collaborative Innovation Center of Deep Sea Biology; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, PRChina
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