Jinshanibacter allomyrinae sp. nov., isolated from larvae of Allomyrina dichotoma, proposal of Insectihabitans xujianqingii gen. nov., comb. nov. and emended descriptions of the genera Jinshanibacter, Limnobaculum and Pragia

Taxonomic positions of four Gram-negative bacterial strains, which were isolated from larvae of two insects in Jeju, Republic of Korea, were determined by a polyphasic approach. Strains CWB-B4, CWB-B41 and CWB-B43 were recovered from larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis, whereas strain BWR-B9^T was from larvae of Allomyrina dichotoma. All the isolates grew at 10-37 °C, at pH 5.0-9.0 and in the presence of 4 % (w/v) NaCl. The 16S rRNA gene phylogeny showed that the four isolates formed two distinct sublines within the order Enterobacteriales and closely associated with members of the genus Jinshanibacter. The first group represented by strain CWB-B4 formed a tight cluster with Jinshanibacter xujianqingii CF-1111^T (99.3 % sequence similarity), whereas strain BWR-B9^T was most closely related to Jinshanibacter zhutongyuii CF-458^T (99.5 % sequence similarity). The 92 core gene analysis showed that the isolates belonged to the family Budviciaceae and supported the clustering shown in 16S rRNA gene phylogeny. The genomic DNA G+C content of the isolates was 45.2 mol%. A combination of overall genomic relatedness and phenotypic distinctness supported that three isolates from Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis are different strains of Jinshanibacter xujianqingii, whereas one isolate from Allomyrina dichotoma represents a new species of the genus Jinshanibacter. On the basis of results obtained here, Jinshanibacter allomyrinae sp. nov. (type strain BWR-B9^T=KACC 22153^T=NBRC 114879^T) and Insectihabitans xujianqingii gen. nov., comb. nov. are proposed, with the emended descriptions of the genera Jinshanibacter, Limnobaculum and Pragia.

Jinshanibacter, a new genus of Budviciaceae: identification of Jinshanibacter zhutongyuii sp. nov. and Jinshanibacter xujianqingii sp. nov. isolated from cloacal content of snow finch (Montifringilla taczanowskii)

Four novel strains isolated from the cloacal contents of snow finches (Montifringilla taczanowskii) were characterized as aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, slightly motile, and rod-shaped. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain CF-458^T had the highest similarities of 96.9 and 96.4 % with Limnobaculum parvum HYN0051^T and Pragia fontium DSM 5563^T, while strain CF-1111^T shared the highest similarities of 96.4 and 96.1 % with Pantoea rodasii LMG 26273^T and Pectobacterium punjabense SS95^T. Phylogenomic analysis showed the four isolates were separated into group Ⅰ (CF-458^T and CF-917) and group Ⅱ (CF-1111^T and CF-509), and clustered independently in the vicinity of the genera Limnobaculum and Pragia. Summed feature 3 (C_16 : 1  ω7c and/or C_16 : 1  ω6c, 23.9 and 17.2 %, respectively), C_16 : 0 (21.8 and 22.1 %, respectively) and C_14 : 0 (10.6 and 17.7 %, respectively) were the common major fatty acids, and summed feature 8 (C_18 : 1  ω7c and/or C_18 : 1  ω6c, 12.3 %) was also a major fatty acid for strain CF-458^T while cyclo-C_17 : 0 (13.1%) was for strain CF-1111^T. Both had Q-8 as the sole quinone and contained phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and diphosphatidylglycerol as the major polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strains CF-458^T and CF-1111^T was 45.7 and 45.4 mol%, respectively. Based on taxonomic position in the phylogenomic tree and phenotypic properties, two novel species of a new genus within the family Budviciaceae are thus proposed, with the name Jinshanibacter gen. nov., zhutongyuii sp. nov. (type strain CF-458^T=CGMCC 1.16483^T=GDMCC 1.1586^T=JCM 33489^T) and Jinshanibacter xujianqingii sp. nov. (type strain CF-1111^T=CGMCC 1.16786^T=GDMCC 1.1587^T=JCM 33490^T), respectively.

Bruguierivorax albus gen. nov. sp. nov. Isolated from Mangrove Sediment and Proposal of Bruguierivoracaceae fam. nov

A novel Gram-negative, motile, aerobic rod-shaped bacterium designated BGMRC 2031^T was isolated from mangrove sediment collected from Guangxi Province, China. Optimal growth occurred at 28 °C and pH 7.0-8.0 in the presence of 1% (w/v) NaCl. Alignment based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain BGMRC 2031^T is most closely related to Sodalis praecaptivus HS1^T (95.6%, sequence similarity), followed by Biostraticola tofi DSM 19580^T (95.5%), Sodalis glossinidius DSM 16929^T (95.4%), and Brenneria goodwinii FRB141^T (94.9%) sequence similarity. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BGMRC 2031^T formed a distinct branch in a robust cluster and revealed that strain BGMRC 2031^T, genera Biostraticola and Sodalis, formed a novel family-level clade in the order Enterobacterales. The novel strain showed an average nucleotide similarity of 74.7%, 74.2%, and 73.1% for S. praecaptivus HS1^T, S. glossinidius DSM 16929^T, and B. tofi DSM 19580^T, respectively. The genomes of the BGMRC 2031^T shared the presence of a riboflavin synthesis gene cluster. The menaquinones of strain BGMRC 2031^T were MK-8 and Q-8, which were similar to those of genus Biostraticola. The major fatty acids (> 10%) were C_16:0 (19.9%), summed feature 2 (iso-C_16:1 and/or C_14:0 3-OH, 18.10%), summed feature 3 (C_16:1 ω7c and/or C_16:1 ω6c, 15.3%), C_12:0 (13.9%), C_17:0 cyclo (11.4%), and C_14:0 (10.4%). The main polar lipids were phosphatidyl methylethanolamine, phosphatidyl glycerol, diphosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl inositol, one unidentified phospholipid, and one unknown polar lipid. The G+C content of strain BGMRC 2031^T was 55.4%. Strain BGMRC 2031^T could extend the mean lifespan and maximum lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans by 4.5% and 12.5%, respectively. Overall, the results of this study indicate that BGMRC 2031^T is a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Bruguierivorax albus gen. nov. sp. nov. is proposed, and the type of strain is designated as BGMRC 2031^T (= NBRC 111907^T = KCTC 52119^T). In addition, a novel family, Bruguierivoracaceae fam. nov., is proposed to accommodate the genera Bruguierivorax, Biostraticola, and Sodalis.

Characterization of six clinical isolates of Chimaeribacter gen. nov., a novel genus related to the Yersiniaceae family and the three species Chimaeribacter arupi sp. nov., Chimaeribacter coloradensis sp. nov, and Chimaeribacter californicus sp. nov

Eight genetically related, Gram-negative bacterial strains, isolated from clinical specimens between 2012 and 2016, were submitted to arup Laboratories for species identification. The lack of species- or genus-level matches in curated 16S rRNA gene databases prompted us to undertake the polyphasic characterization of these so far undescribed organisms. Six isolates available for additional testing were oxidase negative, catalase positive, pleomorphic, Gram-negative rods displaying temperature-dependent motility and producing yellow-pigmented colonies with three distinct morphotypes: medium-sized shiny, large mucoid and agar-pitting. Biochemical reactions and sugar fermentation patterns were most similar to members of the genus Serratia. Fatty acid profiles were highly similar across all six organisms, with the major components being: C_16 : 0; C_17 : 0 cyclo; C_14 : 0 3-OH/iso-C_16 : 1 I; C_18 : 1 ω7c; and C_16 : 1 ω7c/C_16 : 1 ω6c. Whole-genome comparisons and multi locus sequence analysis (using the coding genes atpD, rpoB, gyrB and infB) suggest that the strains here described constitute three individual species within a novel genus related to the family Yersiniaceae. We propose for this novel taxon the name Chimaeribacter gen. nov., referring to the presentation of multiple characteristics typical of distinct Enterobacterales genera within a single organism. Four isolates are representative of a single species: Chimaeribacter arupi sp. nov (2016-Iso1, 2016-Iso2, type strain 2016-Iso3^T=DSM 110101^T=ATCC TSD-180^T and 2013-Iso5). The remaining two isolates constitute the novel species Chimaeribacter coloradensis sp. nov. (type strain 2016-Iso4^T=DSM 110102^T=ATCC TSD-182^T) and Chimaeribacter californicus sp. nov. (type strain 2015-Iso6^T=DSM 110100^T=ATCC TSD-181^T). Our work provides the first formal characterization of the genus Chimaeribacter and forms the basis to study its taxonomic diversity.

Free-Living Enterobacterium Pragia fontium 24613: Complete Genome Sequence and Metabolic Profiling

Pragia fontium is one of the few species that belongs to the group of atypical hydrogen sulfide-producing enterobacteria. Unlike other members of this closely related group, P. fontium is not associated with any known host and has been reported as a free-living bacterium. Whole genome sequencing and metabolic fingerprinting confirmed the phylogenetic position of P. fontium inside the group of atypical H₂S producers. Genomic data have revealed that P. fontium 24613 has limited pathogenic potential, although there are signs of genome decay. Although the lack of specific virulence factors and no association with a host species suggest a free-living style, the signs of genome decay suggest a process of adaptation to an as-yet-unknown host.