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Kimber RL, Elizondo G, Jedyka K, Boothman C, Cai R, Bagshaw H, Haigh SJ, Coker VS, Lloyd JR. Copper bioreduction and nanoparticle synthesis by an enrichment culture from a former copper mine. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:3139-3150. [PMID: 37697680 PMCID: PMC10946571 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms can facilitate the reduction of Cu2+ , altering its speciation and mobility in environmental systems and producing Cu-based nanoparticles with useful catalytic properties. However, only a few model organisms have been studied in relation to Cu2+ bioreduction and little work has been carried out on microbes from Cu-contaminated environments. This study aimed to enrich for Cu-resistant microbes from a Cu-contaminated soil and explore their potential to facilitate Cu2+ reduction and biomineralisation from solution. We show that an enrichment grown in a Cu-amended medium, dominated by species closely related to Geothrix fermentans, Azospira restricta and Cellulomonas oligotrophica, can reduce Cu2+ with subsequent precipitation of Cu nanoparticles. Characterisation of the nanoparticles with (scanning) transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy supports the presence of both metallic Cu(0) and S-rich Cu(I) nanoparticles. This study provides new insights into the diversity of microorganisms capable of facilitating copper reduction and highlights the potential for the formation of distinct nanoparticle phases resulting from bioreduction or biomineralisation reactions. The implications of these findings for the biogeochemical cycling of copper and the potential biotechnological synthesis of commercially useful copper nanoparticles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L. Kimber
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, School of Natural SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems ScienceUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Gretta Elizondo
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, School of Natural SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Klaudia Jedyka
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, School of Natural SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Christopher Boothman
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, School of Natural SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Rongsheng Cai
- Department of MaterialsUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Heath Bagshaw
- SEM Shared Research Facility, School of EngineeringUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Sarah J. Haigh
- Department of MaterialsUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Victoria S. Coker
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, School of Natural SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Jonathan R. Lloyd
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, School of Natural SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
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Bao Y, Chen Y, Wang F, Xu Z, Zhou S, Sun R, Wu X, Yan K. East Asian monsoon manipulates the richness and taxonomic composition of airborne bacteria over China coastal area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162581. [PMID: 36889406 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Airborne bacteria may have significant impacts on aerosol properties, public health and ecosystem depending on their taxonomic composition and transport. This study investigated the seasonal and spatial variations of bacterial composition and richness over the east coast of China and the roles of East Asian monsoon played through synchronous sampling and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of airborne bacteria at Huaniao island of the East China Sea (ECS) and the urban and rural sites of Shanghai. Airborne bacteria showed higher richness over the land sites than Huaniao island with the highest values found in the urban and rural springs associated with the growing plants. For the island, the maximal richness occurred in winter as the result of prevailing terrestrial winds controlled by East Asian winter monsoon. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria were found to be top three phyla, together accounting for 75 % of total airborne bacteria. Radiation-resistant Deinococcus, Methylobacterium belonging to Rhizobiales (related to vegetation) and Mastigocladopsis_PCC_10914 originating from marine ecosystem were indicator genera for urban, rural and island sites, respectively. The Bray-Curits dissimilarity of taxonomic composition between the island and two land sites was the lowest in winter with the representative genera over island also typically from the soil. Our results reveal that seasonal change of monsoon wind directions evidently affects the richness and taxonomic composition of airborne bacteria in China coastal area. Particularly, prevailing terrestrial winds lead to the dominance of land-derived bacteria over the coastal ECS which may have a potential impact on marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai 202162, China.
| | - Fanghui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zongjun Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shengqian Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ruihua Sun
- Pudong New District Environmental Monitoring Station, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ke Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Zhang G, Yang J, Lai XH, Jin D, Lu S, Liu L, Cheng Y, Pu J, Yang C, Liu Y, Ye L, Xu J. Cellulomonas dongxiuzhuiae sp. nov., Cellulomonas wangleii sp. nov. and Cellulomonas fengjieae sp. nov., isolated from the intestinal contents of Marmota himalayana. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Six Gram-stain-positive, aerobic or facultative anaerobic, catalase-positive, urease- and oxidase-negative, rod-shaped bacteria (zg-ZUI157T/zg-ZUI40, zg-ZUI222T/zg-ZUI199 and zg-ZUI188T/ zg-ZUI168) were characterized by a polyphasic approach. Optimal growth of the six strains was observed at pH 7.0 and 28 °C. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene and 247 core genes revealed that they belong to genus
Cellulomonas
. The three type strains have low digital DNA-DNA hybridization (19.3–30.1%) and average nucleotide identity values (78.0-85.5%) with all available genomes in the genus
Cellulomonas
, and a DNA G+C content range of 73.0-74.6 mol%. The major fatty acids detected in strain pairs zg-ZUI157T/zg-ZUI40 and zg-ZUI 222T/zg-ZUI199 were C16:0, anteiso-C15:0 and anteiso A-C15:1, and C16:0, anteiso-C15:0, anteiso A-C15:1 and anteiso-C17:0 in strain pair zg-ZUI188T/zg-ZUI168. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides were the major polar lipids detected in the three novel species. MK-9(H4) was the predominant quinone detected in strains zg-ZUI222T (87.4 %) and zg-ZUI188T (91.4 %), and MK-9(H4) (49.1 %) and MK-8 (43.4 %) in strain zg-ZUI157T. The cell-wall sugars detected in the three novel species mainly contained rhamnose. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type of the three novel species was A4β, with an inferred l-Orn–d-Asp interpeptide bridge for strains zg-ZUI157T and zg-ZUI222T, and l-Orn–d-Glu for strain zg-ZUI188T. Based on the results of the phenotypic, phylogenetic, genomic hybridization, average nucleotide identity and chemotaxonomic analyses, the six strains should be classified as belonging to three novel
Cellulomonas
species, for which the names Cellulomonas dongxiuzhuiae sp. nov. (zg-ZUI157T=GDMCC 1.2559T=KCTC 49678T), Cellulomonas wangleii sp. nov. (zg-ZUI222T=GDMCC 1.2501T=KCTC 49675T) and Cellulomonas fengjieae sp. nov. (zg-ZUI188T=GDMCC 1.2563T=KCTC 49674T) are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102206, PR China
- Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Xin-He Lai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, PR China
| | - Dong Jin
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102206, PR China
- Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Shan Lu
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102206, PR China
- Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Liyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yanpeng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Ji Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Caixin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Institute of Public Health, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, PR China
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102206, PR China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
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4
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Zhu L, Zhang X, Zhang J, Liu T, Qiu Y. Saltwater intrusion weakens Fe-(oxyhydr)oxide-mediated (im)mobilization of Ni and Zn in redox-fluctuating soil-groundwater system. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118799. [PMID: 35780765 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Iron in the form of (oxyhydr)oxides plays a profound role in the (im)mobilization of heavy metals in environmental geochemical processes occurring in the soil-groundwater system. Here, the influence of saltwater intrusion on Fe-(oxyhydr)oxide-mediated (im)mobilization of Ni(II) and Zn(II) in redox-fluctuating shallow aquifers was evaluated by chemical extraction, μ-XRF-XANES analysis, and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. In phreatic water, the ferrihydrite-bound Ni/Zn (Fh-Ni/Zn) in soils contributed to a 12%-17% increase in carbonate-bound Ni/Zn (Cb-Ni/Zn) due to its own reductive dissolution, whereas the illite-adsorbed Ni/Zn (illite-Ni/Zn) only contributed 6%, 7%. The relative abundance of non-salt tolerant anaerobic Herbaspirillum and iron-reducing associated Ralstonia in soils accounted for nearly 50%. During the oxidation stage, the dissolved ferrihydrite reprecipitated to bind free Ni/Zn. However, saltwater invasion strongly weakened the dissolution-precipitation of ferrihydrite by inhibiting the growth of non-salt tolerant anaerobes and iron-reducing bacteria, and highlighted the contribution of illite-Ni/Zn. Under brackish water intrusion, illite-Zn contributed to a 12% increase in Cb-Zn, thereby surpassing the contribution of Fh-Zn (8%). Under seawater invasion, the dissolution-precipitation of ferrihydrite hardly occurred and the anaerobic salt-tolerant Bacillus (> 95%) prevailed. Therefore, the increase of Cb-Ni/Zn (7%-15%) in the reduction stages was contributed by illite-Ni/Zn. However, in the oxidation stages, the carbonate replaced the original role of reprecipitated ferrihydrite to bind the free Ni/Zn in solutions. These newly recognized mechanisms may be the key to predicting the mobility of toxic elements and developing appropriate remediation techniques of permeable reactive barriers under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoxian Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jichen Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tingran Liu
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yuping Qiu
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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5
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Bruna N, Galliani E, Oyarzún P, Bravo D, Fuentes F, Pérez-Donoso JM. Biomineralization of lithium nanoparticles by Li-resistant Pseudomonas rodhesiae isolated from the Atacama salt flat. Biol Res 2022; 55:12. [PMID: 35296351 PMCID: PMC8925236 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-022-00382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Atacama salt flat is located in northern Chile, at 2300 m above sea level, and has a high concentration of lithium, being one of the main extraction sites in the world. The effect of lithium on microorganism communities inhabiting environments with high concentrations of this metal has been scarcely studied. A few works have studied the microorganisms present in lithium-rich salt flats (Uyuni and Hombre Muerto in Bolivia and Argentina, respectively). Nanocrystals formation through biological mineralization has been described as an alternative for microorganisms living in metal-rich environments to cope with metal ions. However, bacterial lithium biomineralization of lithium nanostructures has not been published to date. In the present work, we studied lithium-rich soils of the Atacama salt flat and reported for the first time the biological synthesis of Li nanoparticles. Results Bacterial communities were evaluated and a high abundance of Cellulomonas, Arcticibacter, Mucilaginibacter, and Pseudomonas were determined. Three lithium resistant strains corresponding to Pseudomonas rodhesiae, Planomicrobium koreense, and Pseudomonas sp. were isolated (MIC > 700 mM). High levels of S2− were detected in the headspace of P. rodhesiae and Pseudomonas sp. cultures exposed to cysteine. Accordingly, biomineralization of lithium sulfide-containing nanomaterials was determined in P. rodhesiae exposed to lithium salts and cysteine. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of ultrathin sections of P. rodhesiae cells biomineralizing lithium revealed the presence of nanometric materials. Lithium sulfide-containing nanomaterials were purified, and their size and shape determined by dynamic light scattering and TEM. Spherical nanoparticles with an average size < 40 nm and a hydrodynamic size ~ 44.62 nm were determined. Conclusions We characterized the bacterial communities inhabiting Li-rich extreme environments and reported for the first time the biomineralization of Li-containing nanomaterials by Li-resistant bacteria. The biosynthesis method described in this report could be used to recover lithium from waste batteries and thus provide a solution to the accumulation of batteries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40659-022-00382-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bruna
- BioNanotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Av. República # 330, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Galliani
- BioNanotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Av. República # 330, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Oyarzún
- Laboratorio de Análisis de Sólidos, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - D Bravo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - F Fuentes
- Escuela de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Av. Manuel Montt 367, Santiago, Chile
| | - J M Pérez-Donoso
- BioNanotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Av. República # 330, Santiago, Chile.
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6
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Poniecka EA, Bagshaw EA, Sass H, Segar A, Webster G, Williamson C, Anesio AM, Tranter M. Physiological Capabilities of Cryoconite Hole Microorganisms. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1783. [PMID: 32849402 PMCID: PMC7412143 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryoconite holes are miniature freshwater aquatic ecosystems that harbor a relatively diverse microbial community. This microbial community can withstand the extreme conditions of the supraglacial environment, including fluctuating temperatures, extreme and varying geochemical conditions and limited nutrients. We analyzed the physiological capabilities of microbial isolates from cryoconite holes from Antarctica, Greenland, and Svalbard in selected environmental conditions: extreme pH, salinity, freeze-thaw and limited carbon sources, to identify their physiological limits. The results suggest that heterotrophic microorganisms in cryoconite holes are well adapted to fast-changing environmental conditions, by surviving multiple freeze-thaw cycles, a wide range of salinity and pH conditions and scavenging a variety of organic substrates. Under oxic and anoxic conditions, the communities grew well in temperatures up to 30°C, although in anoxic conditions the community was more successful at colder temperatures (0.2°C). The most abundant cultivable microorganisms were facultative anaerobic bacteria and yeasts. They grew in salinities up to 10% and in pH ranging from 4 to 10.5 (Antarctica), 2.5 to 10 (Svalbard), and 3 to 10 (Greenland). Their growth was sustained on at least 58 single carbon sources and there was no decrease in viability for some isolates after up to 100 consecutive freeze-thaw cycles. The elevated viability of the anaerobic community in the lowest temperatures indicates they might be key players in winter conditions or in early melt seasons, when the oxygen is potentially depleted due to limited flow of meltwater. Consequently, facultative anaerobic heterotrophs are likely important players in the reactivation of the community after the polar night. This detailed physiological investigation shows that despite inhabiting a freshwater environment, cryoconite microorganisms are able to withstand conditions not typically encountered in freshwater environments (namely high salinities or extreme pH), making them physiologically more similar to arid soil communities. The results also point to a possible resilience of the most abundant microorganisms of cryoconite holes in the face of rapid change regardless of the location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa A. Poniecka
- School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Henrik Sass
- School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Amelia Segar
- School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Webster
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Williamson
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Martyn Tranter
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Tian Z, Lu S, Jin D, Yang J, Pu J, Lai XH, Ren ZH, Wu XM, Li J, Wang S, Xu J. Cellulomonas shaoxiangyii sp. nov., isolated from faeces of Tibetan antelope ( Pantholops hodgsonii) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2204-2210. [PMID: 32038002 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two Gram-stain-positive, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative, aerobic, non-motile, cellobiose-utilizing, short-rod-shaped strains (Z28T and Z29) were isolated from faeces of Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) collected on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Strain Z28T shared 98.1, 98.0, 97.8 and 97.4 % 16S rRNA gene similarity, 24.1, 22.8, 23.2 and 26.3 % digital DNA-DNA hybridization relatedness and 80.8, 80.0, 80.7 and 80.9 % average nucleotide identity values with Cellulomonas oligotrophica DSM 24482T, Cellulomonas flavigena DSM 20109T, Cellulomonas iranensis DSM 14785T and Cellulomonas terrae JCM 14899T, respectively. Results from further phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene and 148 core genes indicated that strains Z28T and Z29 were closest to C. oligotrophica DSM 24482T and C. flavigena DSM 20109T, but clearly separated from the currently recognized species of the genus Cellulomonas. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain Z28T was 75.3 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 1 A, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. Ribose and mannose were detected as the whole-cell sugars. The major respiratory quinone was MK-9(H4) and ornithine was the diamino acid of the cell wall. The polar lipids present in strain Z28T were phosphatidylethanolamine, five phospholipids, two aminophospholipids, aminolipid and three unidentified lipids. Comparison of phenotypic and phylogenetic features between the two strains and the related organisms revealed that Z28T and Z29 represent a novel species of the genus Cellulomonas, for which the name Cellulomonas shaoxiangyii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Z28T (=CGMCC 1.16477T=DSM 106200T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University School of Public Health, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Shan Lu
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai 201508, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Dong Jin
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai 201508, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai 201508, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Ji Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Xin-He Lai
- School of Biology and Food Sciences, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hong Ren
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Xiao-Min Wu
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, Shanxi 710032, PR China
| | - Junqin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University School of Public Health, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University School of Public Health, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University School of Public Health, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China.,Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai 201508, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
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8
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Shi YL, Sun Y, Ruan ZY, Su J, Yu LY, Zhang YQ. Cellulomonas telluris sp. nov., an endoglucanase-producing actinobacterium isolated from Badain Jaran desert sand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:631-635. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Lei Shi
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Ye Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yong Ruan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, CAAS, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jing Su
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Li-Yan Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yu-Qin Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
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9
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Yamamura H, Hayashi T, Hamada M, Kohda T, Serisawa Y, Matsuyama-Serisawa K, Nakagawa Y, Otoguro M, Yanagida F, Tamura T, Hayakawa M. Cellulomonas algicola sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from a freshwater alga. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:2723-2728. [PMID: 31232683 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An actinomycete strain, TKZ-21T, was isolated from a freshwater alga (Chetophoraceae) collected from the Takizawa River, Yamanashi, Japan, and examined using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells were Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-sporulating, motile, and coccoid or short rod-shaped. The strain grew in the presence of 0-4 % (w/v) NaCl, between pH 6-9.4, and over a temperature range of 15-40 °C, with optimum growth at 30 °C. The peptidoglycan type of strain TKZ-21T was A4β, containing l-ornithine as diagnostic diamino acid and d-glutamic acid as the interpeptide bridge. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4). The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, ninhydrin-positive glycolipid, and unidentified phospholipids. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0, and the DNA G+C content was 75.6 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain TKZ-21T was closely related to Cellulomonas fimi (98.5 % sequence similarity) and Cellulomonas biazotea (98.3 %). The genome orthoANI value between strain TKZ-21T and C. biazotea and C. fimi were 84.7 and 84.2 %, respectively. On the basis of fatty acid and MALDI-TOF MS profile analysis, phylogenetic analyses, genomic analysis, and phenotypic data, it is proposed that the isolate be classified as a representative of a novel species of the genus Cellulomonas, with the name Cellulomonas algicola sp. nov. The type strain is TKZ-21T (=NBRC 112905T=TBRC 8129T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Yamamura
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Takeda-4-3-11, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Takuma Hayashi
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Takeda-4-3-11, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Moriyuki Hamada
- NITE Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, Kazusakamatari 2-5-8, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Takashi Kohda
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Takeda-4-3-11, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Serisawa
- Graduate School of Education, University of Yamanashi, Takeda-4-3-11, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | | | - Youji Nakagawa
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Takeda-4-3-11, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Misa Otoguro
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Takeda-4-3-11, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Fujitoshi Yanagida
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Takeda-4-3-11, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- NITE Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, Kazusakamatari 2-5-8, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hayakawa
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Takeda-4-3-11, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
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Cellulomonas aurantiaca sp. nov., isolated from a soil sample from a tangerine field. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2019; 112:1623-1632. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-019-01288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Stress-Tolerance and Taxonomy of Culturable Bacterial Communities Isolated from a Central Mojave Desert Soil Sample. GEOSCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/geosciences9040166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The arid Mojave Desert is one of the most significant terrestrial analogue objects for astrobiological research due to its genesis, mineralogy, and climate. However, the knowledge of culturable bacterial communities found in this extreme ecotope’s soil is yet insufficient. Therefore, our research has been aimed to fulfil this lack of knowledge and improve the understanding of functioning of edaphic bacterial communities of the Central Mojave Desert soil. We characterized aerobic heterotrophic soil bacterial communities of the central region of the Mojave Desert. A high total number of prokaryotic cells and a high proportion of culturable forms in the soil studied were observed. Prevalence of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes was discovered. The dominance of pigmented strains in culturable communities and high proportion of thermotolerant and pH-tolerant bacteria were detected. Resistance to a number of salts, including the ones found in Martian regolith, as well as antibiotic resistance, were also estimated.
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12
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Hatayama K, Saito K. Calcite formation induced by Ensifer adhaerens, Microbacterium testaceum, Paeniglutamicibacter kerguelensis, Pseudomonas protegens and Rheinheimera texasensis. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2018; 112:711-721. [PMID: 30465324 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-018-1204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of bacterial species are able to induce calcium carbonate precipitation. Using our own laboratory-preserved strains, we have newly discovered that Ensifer sp. MY11e, Microbacterium sp. TMd9a1, Paeniglutamicibacter sp. MSa1a, Pseudomonas sp. GTc3, and Rheinheimera sp. ATWe6 can induce the formation of calcite crystals on an agar medium. Type strains of their closely related species (Ensifer adhaerens, Microbacterium testaceum, Paeniglutamicibacter kerguelensis, Pseudomonas protegens, and Rheinheimera texasensis) could also induce calcite formation. Although the initial pH value of the agar medium was 6.1, the pH of the agar media containing calcite, induced by cultivation of the 10 bacterial strains, increased to 8.0-8.4. The ammonification (oxidative deamination) of amino acids may been responsible for this increase in pH. The crystals formed both on and around the bacterial colonies. Furthermore, when these strains (excepting two Microbacterium strains) were cultivated on a cellulose acetate membrane filter (0.20 μm pore size) resting on the surface of the agar medium (i.e., in the membrane filter culture method), the crystals formed on the agar medium separate from the bacterial cells. These results indicate that the bacterial cells did not necessarily become nucleation sites for these crystals. We also investigated whether the studied strains could be applied to the biocementation of sand, and found that only two Ensifer strains were able to form large sand lumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouta Hatayama
- Sagami Chemical Research Institute, 2743-1 Hayakawa, Ayase, Kanagawa, 252-1193, Japan.
| | - Katsumi Saito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan
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13
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Sun X, Li J, Du J, Xiao H, Ni J. Cellulomonas macrotermitis sp. nov., a chitinolytic and cellulolytic bacterium isolated from the hindgut of a fungus-growing termite. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2017; 111:471-478. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-017-0968-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
A bacterial strain, designated GAU11T, was isolated from soil in Japan. Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile rods. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain GAU11T showed high similarity to those of
Comamonas zonglianii
BF-3T (98.8 %),
Pseudacidovorax intermedius
CC21T (96.4 %),
Acidovorax caeni
R-24608T (96.2 %),
Alicycliphilus denitrificans
K601T (96.2 %),
Pseudorhodoferax soli
TBEA3T (95.9 %) and
Comamonas terrigena
LMG 1253T (95.9 %). Strain GAU11T contained ubiquinone 8 as the sole ubiquinone and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol as major polar lipids. Its major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The DNA G+C content of strain GAU11T was 68.2 mol%. The DNA–DNA relatedness between strain GAU11T and
C. zonglianii
DSM 22523T was 52 or 68 % (reciprocal value). Phenotypic characterization indicated that strain GAU11T represents a member of the genus
Comamonas
, but at the same time distinguished it from
C. zonglianii
DSM 22523T. From polyphasic characterization, this strain should be classified as representing a novel species of the genus
Comamonas
, for which the name Comamonas humi sp. nov. (type strain GAU11T = JCM 19903T = DSM 28451T) is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouta Hatayama
- Sagami Chemical Research Institute, Ayase, Kanagawa 252-1193, Japan
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15
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Ahmed I, Kudo T, Abbas S, Ehsan M, Iino T, Fujiwara T, Ohkuma M. Cellulomonas pakistanensis sp. nov., a moderately halotolerant Actinobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:2305-2311. [PMID: 24733176 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.059063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
A rod-shaped, motile, facultatively anaerobic and moderately halotolerant plant-growth-promoting actinobacterial strain, designated NCCP-11(T), was isolated from paddy grains. To delineate its taxonomic position, the strain was subjected to a polyphasic characterization. Cells of strain NCCP-11(T) grew at 10-37 °C (optimum 28-32 °C), at pH 6-9 (optimum pH 7) and in 0-12% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 1-2%) in broth medium. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain NCCP-11(T) showed highest similarity to the type strains of Cellulomonas hominis (98.99%) and Cellulomonas denverensis (98.09 %) and less than 97 % with other closely related taxa. The chemotaxonomic data [major menaquinone: MK-9(H4); cell-wall peptidoglycan: type A4β; major fatty acids: anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, C14 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0; major polar lipids: diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositolmannosides and two unknown polar lipids] also supported the affiliation of strain NCCP-11(T) to the genus Cellulomonas. The level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain NCCP-11(T) and the two type strains mentioned above was less than 42.7%. On the basis of DNA-DNA relatedness, physiological and biochemical characteristics and phylogenetic position, strain NCCP-11(T) can be differentiated from species of the genus Cellulomonas with validly published names and thus represents a novel species, for which the name Cellulomonas pakistanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NCCP-11(T) ( = DSM 24792(T) = JCM 18755(T) = KCTC 19798(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Ahmed
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
- National Culture Collection of Pakistan, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad-45500, Pakistan
| | - Takuji Kudo
- Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Saira Abbas
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
- National Culture Collection of Pakistan, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad-45500, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ehsan
- National Culture Collection of Pakistan, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad-45500, Pakistan
| | - Takao Iino
- Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Moriya Ohkuma
- Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
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16
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Zhang L, Xi L, Qiu D, Song L, Dai X, Ruan J, Huang Y. Cellulomonas
marina sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea water. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:3014-3018. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.048876-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A bacterial strain FXJ8.089T was isolated from deep-sea water collected from the southwest Indian Ocean (49° 39′ E 37° 47′ S) at a depth of 2800 m, and its taxonomic position was investigated by a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FXJ8.089T belonged to the genus
Cellulomonas
and had the highest similarities with
Cellulomonas oligotrophica
(96.9 %) and
Cellulomonas aerilata
(96.6 %). It contained MK-9(H4) as the predominant menaquinone. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A4β with an interpeptide bridge l-Orn–d-Glu. The cell-wall sugars were glucose, mannose and ribose. The DNA G+C content was 70.3 mol%. The strain also showed a number of physiological and biochemical characteristics that were distinct from the closely related species. Based on phenotypic and genotypic data, strain FXJ8.089T ( = CGMCC 4.6945T = DSM 24960T) represents a novel species of the genus
Cellulomonas
, for which the name
Cellulomonas
marina sp. nov. is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lijun Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Danheng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lei Song
- China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jisheng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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