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Gomez-Buendia A, Ortega J, Diez-Guerrier A, Rendahl A, Saez JL, Bezos J, Romero B, Alvarez J. Evaluating the ability of non-tuberculous mycobacteria to induce non-specific reactions in bovine tuberculosis diagnostic tests in guinea pigs and cattle. Vet Microbiol 2024; 298:110250. [PMID: 39265280 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Limitations in diagnostic test performance are one of the major challenges hampering the eradication of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are considered one of the main causes of non-specific reactions in the intradermal tuberculin test, the most widely used bTB diagnostic test. To determine the role of NTMs in bTB misdiagnosis in Spain, an experimental study including the NTM species most commonly found in bTB-positive animals from bTB-free farms in the country (M. avium subsp. avium (Maa), "Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis" (Mah), M. bourgelatii, M. intermedium, M. kansasii and M. nonchromogenicum) was carried out on guinea pigs and cattle. First, guinea pigs were sensitized with the selected NTMs, and six weeks post-sensitization four antigen mixtures (bovine-PPD, avian-PPD, P22 and ESAT6-CFP10) were inoculated intradermally and their effect was measured 24- and 48-h post-inoculation. Larger erythematous reactions were observed in guinea pigs sensitized with Mah, M. kansasii, and Maa, with significant differences in the reactions measured at the bovine-PPD inoculation site for the two first bacteria compared with other NTMs. The sensitization process was repeated in cattle, and five months post-sensitization the same antigen mixtures were inoculated in the cervical region and responses were measured at 48- and 72-h post-inoculation. A significantly higher increase in the skinfold thickness measured at the bovine-PPD inoculation site was observed in calves sensitized with Mah, Maa, M. intermedium and M. kansasii. These results demonstrate that certain NTM species may play a more significant role in bTB diagnostic interferences and show that results obtained in guinea pig and bovine models do not always coincide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Gomez-Buendia
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Ortega
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Diez-Guerrier
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; MAEVA SERVET S.L, Alameda del Valle, Spain
| | - Aaron Rendahl
- Department of Veterinary Biological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, United States
| | - Jose Luis Saez
- Subdirección General de Sanidad e Higiene Animal y Trazabilidad, Dirección General de la Producción Agraria, Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Bezos
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Romero
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Alvarez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Matsumoto Y, Kinjo T, Motooka D, Nabeya D, Jung N, Uechi K, Horii T, Iida T, Fujita J, Nakamura S. Comprehensive subspecies identification of 175 nontuberculous mycobacteria species based on 7547 genomic profiles. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:1043-1053. [PMID: 31287781 PMCID: PMC6691804 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1637702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary diseases has been increasing worldwide. NTM consist of approximately 200 species and distinguishing between them at the subspecies level is critical to treatment. In this study, we sequenced 63 NTM genomes, 27 of which were newly determined, by hybrid assembly using sequencers from Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT). This analysis expanded the available genomic data to 175 NTM species and redefined their subgenus classification. We also developed a novel multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) database based on 184 genes from 7547 assemblies and an identification software, mlstverse, which can also be used for detecting other bacteria given a suitable MLST database. This method showed the highest sensitivity and specificity amongst conventional methods and demonstrated the capacity for rapid detection of NTM, 10 min of sequencing of the ONT MinION being sufficient. Application of this methodology could improve disease epidemiology and increase the cure rates of NTM diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Matsumoto
- a Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases , Osaka University , Suita , Japan
| | - Takeshi Kinjo
- b Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine , University of the Ryukyus , Nakagami-gun , Japan
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- a Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases , Osaka University , Suita , Japan.,c Laboratory of Pathogen Detection and Identification, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases , Osaka University , Suita , Japan
| | - Daijiro Nabeya
- b Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine , University of the Ryukyus , Nakagami-gun , Japan
| | - Nicolas Jung
- a Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases , Osaka University , Suita , Japan
| | - Kohei Uechi
- b Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine , University of the Ryukyus , Nakagami-gun , Japan.,d Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Transfusion , University of the Ryukyus Hospital , Nakagami-gun , Japan
| | - Toshihiro Horii
- a Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases , Osaka University , Suita , Japan
| | - Tetsuya Iida
- a Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases , Osaka University , Suita , Japan
| | - Jiro Fujita
- b Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine , University of the Ryukyus , Nakagami-gun , Japan
| | - Shota Nakamura
- a Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases , Osaka University , Suita , Japan.,c Laboratory of Pathogen Detection and Identification, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases , Osaka University , Suita , Japan.,e Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives , Osaka University , Suita , Japan
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Michelet L, de Cruz K, Karoui C, Tambosco J, Moyen JL, Hénault S, Boschiroli ML. Second line molecular diagnosis for bovine tuberculosis to improve diagnostic schemes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207614. [PMID: 30475835 PMCID: PMC6261039 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Surveillance of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is partly based on the sanitary inspection of carcasses at the abattoir to detect bTB-like lesions which, in compliance with EU recommendations, are analysed by bacteriology and histopathology to disclose Mycobacterium bovis (or M. caprae) infection. Moreover, since 2012, a PCR method with similar sensitivity and specificity values of histopathology and bacteriology respectively is additionally employed in France, partially compensating for the weaknesses of classical diagnostic methods. We analysed a collection of bTB-like lesions from cattle presenting positive histological results albeit with negative PCR results. We present here the results of these samples, recovered from 292 animals culled between 2013 and 2016, analysed with a second line molecular diagnosis approach that consists in a combination of PCRs targeting the M. tuberculosis-M. avium complexes as well as the Mycobacterium genus and sequencing of hsp65 gene. These molecular analyses disclosed to identify the presence of non-tuberculous bacteria which could be responsible for most of these non-specific TB lesions: non tuberculous mycobacteria (24%) or Actinomycetales (56%) such as Rhodococcus equi (53%); 24% of the samples were negative. M. bovis -or any other MTBC members- was neither detected by molecular methods nor isolated in any of them at the end of the 3 months of culture. In conclusion, these results highlight the lack of specificity of histopathology and the usefulness of a first line PCR with a second line molecular diagnostic test to circumvent it. This diagnostic strategy makes it possible to reduce the number of suspect bTB cases raised at the abattoir or shortening their lock-up periods. By simplifying diagnostic schemes, the use of this tool could improve bTB surveillance and make eradication programs more efficient in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine Michelet
- University Paris-Est, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), Laboratory for Animal Health, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Krystel de Cruz
- University Paris-Est, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), Laboratory for Animal Health, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Claudine Karoui
- University Paris-Est, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), Laboratory for Animal Health, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jennifer Tambosco
- University Paris-Est, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), Laboratory for Animal Health, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jean-Louis Moyen
- Laboratoire Départemental d'Analyse et de Recherche de Dordogne, Coulounieix Chamiers, France
| | - Sylvie Hénault
- University Paris-Est, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), Laboratory for Animal Health, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - María Laura Boschiroli
- University Paris-Est, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), Laboratory for Animal Health, Maisons-Alfort, France
- * E-mail:
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Practice Guidelines for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories: Mycobacteria. Clin Microbiol Rev 2018; 31:31/2/e00038-17. [PMID: 29386234 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00038-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacteria are the causative organisms for diseases such as tuberculosis (TB), leprosy, Buruli ulcer, and pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease, to name the most important ones. In 2015, globally, almost 10 million people developed TB, and almost half a million patients suffered from its multidrug-resistant form. In 2016, a total of 9,287 new TB cases were reported in the United States. In 2015, there were 174,608 new case of leprosy worldwide. India, Brazil, and Indonesia reported the most leprosy cases. In 2015, the World Health Organization reported 2,037 new cases of Buruli ulcer, with most cases being reported in Africa. Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease is an emerging public health challenge. The U.S. National Institutes of Health reported an increase from 20 to 47 cases/100,000 persons (or 8.2% per year) of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease among adults aged 65 years or older throughout the United States, with 181,037 national annual cases estimated in 2014. This review describes contemporary methods for the laboratory diagnosis of mycobacterial diseases. Furthermore, the review considers the ever-changing health care delivery system and stresses the laboratory's need to adjust and embrace molecular technologies to provide shorter turnaround times and a higher quality of care for the patients who we serve.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) compose approximately one-half of the currently validated mycobacterial species and are divided into six major groups, including the
Mycobacterium fortuitum
group,
M. chelonae/M. abscessus
complex,
M. smegmatis
group,
M. mucogenicum
group,
M. mageritense
/
M. wolinskyi
, and the pigmented RGM. This review discusses each group and highlights the major types of infections associated with each group. Additionally, phenotypic and molecular laboratory identification methods, including gene sequencing, mass spectrometry, and the newly emerging whole-genome sequencing, are detailed, along with a discussion of the current antimicrobial susceptibility methods and patterns of the most common pathogenic species.
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Rónai Z, Eszterbauer E, Csivincsik Á, Guti C, Dencső L, Jánosi S, Dán Á. Detection of wide genetic diversity and several novel strains among non-avium nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from farmed and wild animals in Hungary. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:41-54. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Rónai
- National Food Chain Safety Office (NFCSO); Budapest Hungary
| | - E. Eszterbauer
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research; Centre for Agricultural Research; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest Hungary
| | - Á. Csivincsik
- Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology; University of Kaposvar; Kaposvár Hungary
| | - C.F. Guti
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research; Centre for Agricultural Research; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest Hungary
| | - L. Dencső
- National Food Chain Safety Office (NFCSO); Budapest Hungary
| | - S. Jánosi
- National Food Chain Safety Office (NFCSO); Budapest Hungary
| | - Á. Dán
- National Food Chain Safety Office (NFCSO); Budapest Hungary
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Pin D, Guérin-Faublée V, Garreau V, Breysse F, Dumitrescu O, Flandrois JP, Lina G. Mycobacterium species related to M. leprae and M. lepromatosis from cows with bovine nodular thelitis. Emerg Infect Dis 2015; 20:2111-4. [PMID: 25417797 PMCID: PMC4257800 DOI: 10.3201/eid2012.140184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine nodular thelitis is a granulomatous dermatitis associated with infection with acid-fast bacteria. To identify the mycobacterium responsible for this infection, we conducted phylogenetic investigations based on partial sequencing of 6 genes. These bacteria were identified as an undescribed Mycobacterium species that was phylogenetically related to M. leprae and M. lepromatosis.
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Microbiological features and clinical relevance of new species of the genus Mycobacterium. Clin Microbiol Rev 2015; 27:727-52. [PMID: 25278573 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00035-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are present in the environment, mainly in water, and are occasionally responsible for opportunistic infections in humans. Despite the fact that NTM are characterized by a moderate pathogenicity, the diseases caused by NTM at various body sites are increasing on a worldwide level. Among over 150 officially recognized NTM species, only two or three dozen are familiar to clinicians, and even to most microbiologists. In this paper, approximately 50 new species described in the last 8 years are reviewed, and their role in human infections is assessed on the basis of reported clinical cases. The small number of reports concerning most of the "new" mycobacterial species is responsible for the widespread conviction that they are very rare. Their role is actually largely underestimated, mainly because they often remain unrecognized and misidentified. Aiming to minimize such bias, emphasis has been placed on more common identification pitfalls. Together with new NTM, new members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex described in the last few years are also an object of the present review.
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Biet F, Boschiroli ML. Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections of veterinary relevance. Res Vet Sci 2014; 97 Suppl:S69-77. [PMID: 25256964 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacteria play an important role in human and animal health fields. We here examine the place of non tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections in the veterinary context. Relevant aspects of a reference laboratory experience and a literature review are presented in this article. Importance is given both to productivity and to economic losses due to misdiagnosis with bovine tuberculosis and paratuberculosis. The impact NTM may have is relative to geographical location, ecology, husbandry, extent of surveillance programs and bovine tuberculosis and paratuberculosis prevalence. The role of the most relevant NTM in animal disease is summarized with a special focus on Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, given its role as causative agent of paratuberculosis, a disease with huge economic consequences for ruminant livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Biet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Infectiologie et Santé Publique, INRA Centre Val de Loire, Université de Tours, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1282, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Maria Laura Boschiroli
- University Paris-Est, Anses, Laboratory for Animal Health, Bovine tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, Bacterial Zoonoses Unit, 23, avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94706 Maisons-Alfort, France.
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Hamid ME. Current Perspectives on Mycobacterium farcinogenes and Mycobacterium senegalense, the Causal Agents of Bovine Farcy. Vet Med Int 2014; 2014:247906. [PMID: 24876989 PMCID: PMC4021744 DOI: 10.1155/2014/247906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium farcinogenes and M. senegalense are the causal agents of bovine farcy, a chronic, progressive disease of the skin and lymphatics of zebu cattle. The disease, which is prevalent mainly in sub-Saharan Africa, was in earlier times thought to be caused by Nocardia farcinica and can be described as one of the neglected diseases in cattle. Some aspects of the disease have been investigated during the last five decades but the major development had been in the bacteriological, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic aspects. Molecular analyses confirmed that M. farcinogenes and M. senegalense fall in a subclade together with M. houstonense and M. fortuitum. This subclade is closely related to the one accommodating M. peregrinum, M. porcinum, M. septicum, M. neworleansense, and M. alvei. DNA probes were designed from 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer and could be used for the rapid diagnosis of bovine farcy. An ELISA assay has been evaluated for the serodiagnosis of the disease. The zoonotic potentials of M. farcinogenes and M. senegalense are unknown; few studies reported the isolation of M. senegalense and M. farcinogenes from human clinical sources but not from environmental sources or from other domestic or wild animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. Hamid
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 641, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia
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