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Ben Abdallah M, Chamkha M, Karray F, Sayadi S. Microbial diversity in polyextreme salt flats and their potential applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:11371-11405. [PMID: 38180652 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31644-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Recent geological, hydrochemical, and mineralogical studies performed on hypersaline salt flats have given insights into similar geo-morphologic features on Mars. These salt-encrusted depressions are widely spread across the Earth, where they are characterized by high salt concentrations, intense UV radiation, high evaporation, and low precipitation. Their surfaces are completely dry in summer; intermittent flooding occurs in winter turning them into transitory hypersaline lakes. Thanks to new approaches such as culture-dependent, culture-independent, and metagenomic-based methods, it is important to study microbial life under polyextreme conditions and understand what lives in these dynamic ecosystems and how they function. Regarding these particular features, new halophilic microorganisms have been isolated from some salt flats and identified as excellent producers of primary and secondary metabolites and granules such as halocins, enzymes, carotenoids, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and exopolysaccharides. Additionally, halophilic microorganisms are implemented in heavy metal bioremediation and hypersaline wastewater treatment. As a result, there is a growing interest in the distribution of halophilic microorganisms around the world that can be looked upon as good models to develop sustainable biotechnological processes for all fields. This review provides insights into diversity, ecology, metabolism, and genomics of halophiles in hypersaline salt flats worldwide as well as their potential uses in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Ben Abdallah
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, BP 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Chamkha
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, BP 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Karray
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, BP 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Biotechnology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Natranaeroarchaeum sulfidigenes gen. nov., sp. nov., carbohydrate-utilizing sulfur-respiring haloarchaeon from hypersaline soda lakes, a member of a new family Natronoarchaeaceae fam. nov. in the order Halobacteriales. Syst Appl Microbiol 2022; 45:126356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2022.126356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Najjari A, Stathopoulou P, Elmnasri K, Hasnaoui F, Zidi I, Sghaier H, Ouzari HI, Cherif A, Tsiamis G. Assessment of 16S rRNA Gene-Based Phylogenetic Diversity of Archaeal Communities in Halite-Crystal Salts Processed from Natural Saharan Saline Systems of Southern Tunisia. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10050397. [PMID: 34064384 PMCID: PMC8147861 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A thorough assessment of the phylogenetic diversity and community structure of halophilic archaea from three halite-crystal salts, processed from two separated saline systems of Southern Tunisia has been performed using culture dependent and independent methods targeting different regions of 16S rRNA gene sequences including DGGE, 16S rRNA clone libraries and Illumina Miseq sequencing. Two samples, CDR (red halite-crystal salts) and CDW (white halite-crystal salts), were collected from Chott-Eljerid and one sample CDZ (white halite-crystal salts) from Chott Douz. Fourteen isolates were identified as Halorubrum, Haloferax, Haloarcula, and Halogeometricum genera members. Culture-independent approach revealed a high diversity of archaeal members present in all samples, represented by the Euryarchaeal phylum and the dominance of the Halobacteria class. Nanohaloarchaea were also identified only in white halite samples based on metagenomic analysis. In fact, a total of 61 genera were identified with members of the Halorhabdus, Halonotius, Halorubrum, Haloarcula, and unclassified. Halobacteriaceae were shared among all samples. Unexpected diversity profiles between samples was observed where the red halite crust sample was considered as the most diverse one. The highest diversity was observed with Miseq approach, nevertheless, some genera were detected only with 16S rRNA clone libraries and cultured approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afef Najjari
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, LR03ES03 Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biomolécules Actives, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia; (F.H.); (I.Z.); (H.I.O.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Panagiota Stathopoulou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, University of Patras, 2 Seferi Str., 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (P.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Khaled Elmnasri
- Higher Institute for Biotechnology, University Manouba, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia; (K.E.); (H.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Faten Hasnaoui
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, LR03ES03 Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biomolécules Actives, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia; (F.H.); (I.Z.); (H.I.O.)
| | - Ines Zidi
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, LR03ES03 Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biomolécules Actives, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia; (F.H.); (I.Z.); (H.I.O.)
| | - Haitham Sghaier
- Higher Institute for Biotechnology, University Manouba, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia; (K.E.); (H.S.); (A.C.)
- Laboratory “Energy and Matter for Development of Nuclear Sciences” (LR16CNSTN02), National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technology (CNSTN), 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Hadda Imene Ouzari
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, LR03ES03 Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biomolécules Actives, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia; (F.H.); (I.Z.); (H.I.O.)
| | - Ameur Cherif
- Higher Institute for Biotechnology, University Manouba, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia; (K.E.); (H.S.); (A.C.)
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, University of Patras, 2 Seferi Str., 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (P.S.); (G.T.)
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