Amycolatopsis rhizosphaerae sp. nov., isolated from rice rhizosphere soil

Amycolatopsis anabasis sp. nov., a novel endophytic actinobacterium isolated from roots of Anabasis elatior

A novel endophytic actinobacterium, designated strain EGI 650086T, was isolated from the roots of Anabasis elatior (C.A.Mey.) Schischk. collected in Xinjiang, north-west China. The taxonomic position of the strain was investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Growth occurred at 15–40 °C, pH 6.0–8.0 and in the presence of 0–6 % NaCl (w/v). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and concatenation of 22 protein marker genes revealed that strain EGI 650086T formed a monophyletic clade within the genus Amycolatopsis and shared the highest sequence similarities with Amycolatopsis nigrescens JCM 14717T (97.1 %) and Amycolatopsis sacchari DSM 44468T (97.0 %). Sequence similarities with type strains of other species of the genus Amycolatopsis were less than 97.0 %. The average nucleotide identity and DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain EGI 650086T and the reference strains were 78.1–79.8 % and 22.1–23.0 %, respectively. The genome of strain EGI 650086T was 10.9 Mb, with a DNA G+C content of 70.1 mol%. The diagnostic diamino acid in the peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major whole-cell sugars contained arabinose, galactose, glucose and ribose. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9 (H4) and MK-9 (H2). Major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0 and summed feature 4 (iso-C17 : 1 I and/or anteiso-C17 : 1 B). The polar lipid profile of strain EGI 650086T included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, two unknown phospholipids, an unknown glycolipid and an unknown lipid. Polyphasic taxonomic characteristics indicated that strain EGI 650086T represents a novel species of the genus Amycolatopsis , for which the name Amycolatopsis anabasis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EGI 650086T (=KCTC 49044T=CGMCC 4.7188T).

Amycolatopsis nivea sp. nov., isolated from a Yellow River sample

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain CFH S0261^T, was isolated from a sediment sample of the Yellow River. The taxonomic position of the strain was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain CFH S0261^T were Gram-reaction-positive, aerobic, non-motile. Growth occurs at 15-37 °C, pH 6.0-8.0 and with 0-9.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain CFH S0261^T was a member of the genus Amycolatopsis. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity indicated that strain CFH S0261^T is most closely related to the type strains of Amycolatopsis niigatensis LC11^T (98.95 %), Amycolatopsis echigonensis LC2^T (98.81 %) and Amycolatopsis albidoflavus IMSNU 22139^T (98.73 %). The whole-genome of CFH S0261^T showed a G+C content of 69.5 mol%. The ANI values and in silico DDH values between CFH S0261^T and the other species of the genus Amycolatopsis were found to be low (ANIb <90.61 % and DDH <53.40 %). The cell wall diamino acid in the peptidoglycan of strain CFH S0261^T was meso-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell hydrolysate comprised arabinose, galactose, glucose, rhamnose and ribose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H₄). The major cellular fatty acids were C_16 : 0, iso-C_15 : 0 and iso-C_16 : 0. The polar lipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and four unidentified glycolipids. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic data, strain CFH S0261^T represents a novel species of the genus Amycolatopsis, for which the name Amycolatopsis nivea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CFH S0261^T (=KCTC 39515^T =CCTCC AA 2014028^T).

Amycolatopsis acidicola sp. nov., isolated from peat swamp forest soil

A novel actinobacterial strain, designated K81G1^T, was isolated from a soil sample collected in Kantulee peat swamp forest, Surat Thani Province, Thailand, and its taxonomic position was determined using a polyphasic approach. Optimal growth of strain K81G1^T occurred at 28-30 °C, at pH 5.0-6.0 and without NaCl. Strain K81G1^T had cell-wall chemotype IV (meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid, and arabinose and galactose as diagnostic sugars) and phospholipid pattern type II, characteristic of the genus Amycolatopsis. It contained MK-9(H₄) as the predominant menaquinone, iso-C_16 : 0, C_17 : 0 cyclo and C_16 : 0 as the major cellular fatty acids, and phospholipids consisting of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and two unidentified phospholipids. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and phylogenetic analyses, strain K81G1^T was most closely related to Amycolatopsis rhizosphaerae TBRC 6029^T (97.8 % similarity), Amycolatopsis acidiphila JCM 30562^T (97.8 %) and Amycolatopsis bartoniae DSM 45807^T (97.6 %). Strain K81G1^T exhibited low average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values with A. rhizosphaerae TBRC 6029^T (76.4 %, 23.0 %), A. acidiphila JCM 30562^T (77.9 %, 24.6 %) and A. bartoniae DSM 45807^T (77.8 %, 24.3 %). The DNA G+C content of strain K81G1^T was 69.7 mol%. Based on data from this polyphasic study, strain K81G1^T represents a novel species of the genus Amycolatopsis, for which the name Amycolatopsis acidicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is K81G1^T (=TBRC 10047^T=NBRC 113896^T).

Amycolatopsis alkalitolerans sp. nov., isolated from Gastrodia elata Blume

A Gram-staining positive and nonmotile strain designated SYSUP0005^T was isolated from tubers of Gastrodia elata Blume. The 16S rRNA gene sequence result showed that strain SYSUP0005^T shared highest sequence similarity with the type strain of Amycolatopsis cappadoca (95.7%), Amycolatopsis taiwanensis (95.4%), Amycolatopsis pigmentata (95.4%), Amycolatopsis ruanii (95.1%), and Amycolatopsis helveola (94.8%). Growth occurs at 14-37 °C (optimum temperature, 28 °C), at pH 6-9 (optimum, pH 8) and in the presence of up to 6% (w/v) NaCl. Strain SYSUP0005^T had meso-diaminopimelic acid in its peptidoglycan. The whole cell sugars were galactose, ribose, and xylose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H₄) and minor menaquinones were MK-9(H₂) and MK-9(H₈). The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG); phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (PME), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), unidentified glycolipid (GL), and unidentified phospholipid (PL). The genomic DNA G + C content was 69.6 mol%. The major fatty acids were iso-C_16:0, anteiso-C_17:0, C_16:0, iso-C_14:0, C_17:1 ω6c, C_17:0, and Summed Feature 3 (C_16:1 ω7c/C_16:1 ω6c). On the basis of the phenotypic, phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic characters, and genomic comparison, SYSUP0005^T represents a novel species of the genus Amycolatopsis, for which the name Amycolatopsis alkalitolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SYSUP0005^T (=KCTC 49024^T = CGMCC4.7463^T).

Micromonospora caldifontis sp. nov., isolated from hot spring soil

A single spore forming actinomycete, designated strain HSS6-8^T, was isolated from a sample of hot spring soil. The strain had the chemotaxonomic properties consistent with its classification in the genus Micromonospora. The strain was found to have meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The acyl type of the cell-wall muramic acid was glycolyl. The reducing sugars in the cell hydrolysates were glucose, arabinose, xylose, ribose, mannose, galactose and rhamnose. The phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphoglycolipid. The major menaquinones were MK-10(H6) and MK-10(H4). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0, C17 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 70.5 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain HSS6-8^T was closely related to Micromonospora nigra DSM 43818^T (98.2 %), Micromonospora eburnea DSM 44814^T (98.2 %) and Micromonospora spongicola S3-1^T (98.1 %). The physiological and DNA-DNA hybridization data allowed the differentiation of strain HSS6-8^T from its related species. Thus, the strain represents a novel species of the genus Micromonospora, for which the name Micromonospora caldifontis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HSS6-8^T (=TBRC 8927^T=JCM 17126^T).

Thermocatellispora soli sp. nov., isolated from hot spring soil

An aerobic, spore-forming, actinomycete, designated strain CHM3-46^T, was isolated from soil in a hot spring pond located in Chiangmai province, Thailand. The strain exhibited taxonomic characteristics consistent with the genus Thermocatellispora. Strain CHM3-46^T produced short, straight chains of warty spores on aerial mycelia. The presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid was observed in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The whole-cell reducing sugars were glucose, mannose, galacose and ribose. The phospholipids comprised phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, four phosphoglycolipids and three unidentified phospholipids. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8). 10-methyl C17 : 0, C16 : 0, C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 were identified as the main cellular fatty acids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 73.2 mol%. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain CHM3-46^T belonged to the genus Thermocatellispora, exhibiting the highest similarity to Thermocatellispora tengchongensis YIM 77521^T (98.5 %). Furthermore, a low DNA relatedness value (23.4 %±0.8) and several physiological and biochemical characteristic differences were detected between strain CHM3-46^T and its closest relative. Based on the taxonomic data, strain CHM3-46^T could be readily distinguished from its closest phylogenetic relative and represents a novel species, for which the name Thermocatellisporasoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CHM3-46^T (=TBRC 7649^T=NBRC 113148^T).