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An Update on Novel Taxa and Revised Taxonomic Status of Bacteria Isolated from Domestic Animals Described in 2018 to 2021. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0028122. [PMID: 36533907 PMCID: PMC9945509 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00281-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel bacterial taxonomy and nomenclature revisions can have significant impacts on clinical practice, disease epidemiology, and veterinary microbiology laboratory operations. Expansion of research on the microbiota of humans, animals, and insects has significant potential impacts on the taxonomy of organisms of clinical interest. Implications of taxonomic changes may be especially important when considering zoonotic diseases. Here, we address novel taxonomy and nomenclature revisions of veterinary significance. Noteworthy discussion centers around descriptions of novel mastitis pathogens in Streptococcaceae, Staphylococcaceae, and Actinomycetaceae; bovine reproductive tract pathogens in Corynebacteriaceae; novel members of Mannheimia spp., Leptospira spp., and Mycobacterium spp.; the transfer of Ochrobactrum spp. to Brucella spp.; and revisions to the genus Mycoplasma.
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Volokhov DV, Zagorodnyaya TA, Shen Z, Blom J, Furtak VA, Eisenberg T, Fan P, Jeong KC, Gao Y, Zhang S, Amselle M. Streptococcus vicugnae sp. nov., isolated from faeces of alpacas ( Vicugna pacos) and cattle ( Bos taurus), Streptococcus zalophi sp. nov., and Streptococcus pacificus sp. nov., isolated from respiratory tract of California sea lions ( Zalophus californianus). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 33999792 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Four novel independent strains of Streptococcus spp. were isolated from faeces of alpaca (SL1232T), cattle (KCJ4950), and from respiratory tract of wild California sea lions (CSL7508T, CSL7591T). The strains were indole-, oxidase- and catalase-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile Gram-positive cocci in short and long chains, facultative anaerobes. The 16S rRNA gene of SL1232T and KCJ4950 shared 99.40-99.60% nucleotide similarity to strains of S. equinus, S. lutetiensis, S. infantarius, and the 16S rRNA gene of CSL7508T and CSL7591T demonstrated 98.72 and 98.92% similarity, respectively, to S. marimammalium. All other known Streptococcus species had the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of ≤95%. The genomes were sequenced for the novel strains. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis for strains SL1232T and KCJ4950, showed the highest similarity to S. equinus, S. lutetiensis, and S. infantarius with 85.21, 87.17, 88.47, 85.54, 87.47 and 88.89%, respectively, and strains CSL7508T and CSL7591T to S. marimammalium with 87.16 and 83.97%, respectively. Results of ANI were confirmed by pairwise digital DNA-DNA hybridization and phylogeny, which also revealed that the strains belong to three novel species of the genus Streptococcus. Phenotypical features of the novel species were in congruence with closely related members of the genus Streptococcus and gave negative reactions with the tested Lancefield serological groups (A-D, F and G). MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry supported identification of the species. Based on these data, we propose three novel species of the genus Streptococcus, for which the name Streptococcus vicugnae sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain SL1232T (=NCTC 14341T=DSM 110741T=CCUG 74371T), Streptococcus zalophi sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain CSL7508T (=NCTC 14410T=DSM 110742T=CCUG 74374T) and Streptococcus pacificus sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain CSL7591T (=NCTC 14455T=DSM 111148T=CCUG 74655T). The genome G+C content is 36.89, 34.85, and 35.34 % and draft genome sizes are 1906993, 1581094 and 1656080 bp for strains SL1232T, CSL7508T, and CSL7591T, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy V Volokhov
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Tatiana A Zagorodnyaya
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Zhenyu Shen
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 901 East Campus Loop, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jochen Blom
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich Buff Ring 58, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Vyacheslav A Furtak
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 89-91, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Schubertstrasse 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peixin Fan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2055 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Kwangcheol Casey Jeong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2055 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Yamei Gao
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Shuping Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 901 East Campus Loop, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Megan Amselle
- American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), 10801 University Blvd., Manassas, VA 20110, USA
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Foster G, Kirchner M, Muchowski J, Duggett N, Randall L, Knight HI, Whatmore AM. Streptococcus caledonicus sp. nov., isolated from sheep. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2611-2615. [PMID: 32160144 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Five strains of an unidentified Gram-positive, catalase-negative, chain-forming coccus-shaped organism recovered from sheep in Scotland were characterized using phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Based on morphological and biochemical criteria, the strains were tentatively identified as streptococci but they did not appear to correspond to any recognised species of the genus. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed the strains were highly related to each other and confirmed their placement in the genus Streptococcus, with a maximum nucleotide identity of around 97 % to extant species. Best matches were with Streptococcus hillyeri followed by Streptococcus porci. Average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization values determined from whole-genome sequence were also consistent with the group representing a novel species. Best matches, again seen to S. hillyeri, followed by S. porci and S. plurextorum, were below accepted cut-off values for species delineation. Based on biochemical criteria and molecular genetic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown isolates from sheep be assigned to a new species of the genus Streptococcus as Streptococcus caledonicus sp. nov. The type strain of Streptococcus caledonicus is S784/96/1T=CCUG 73951T=NCTC 14363T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Foster
- SRUC Veterinary Services, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK
| | - Miranda Kirchner
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Jakub Muchowski
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Nicholas Duggett
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Luke Randall
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Hazel I Knight
- SRUC Veterinary Services, Mill of Craibstone, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9TB, UK
| | - Adrian M Whatmore
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, UK
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