The status of the genus Prolinoborus (Pot et al. 1992) and the species Prolinoborus fasciculus (Pot et al. 1992)

Microbial communities in feed, bedding material, and bulk milk - experiences from a feeding trial

There is an increasing interest in the microbiota of the dairy value chain, from field to fork. Studies to understand the effects of environmental, feed and management factors on the raw milk microbiota have been performed to elucidate the origin of the bacteria and find ways to control the presence or absence of specific bacteria. In this study, we explored the microbiota in feedstuff, bedding material and milk on a Swedish dairy farm to investigate the effects of feeding different silages on the bacterial compositions throughout the dairy value chain. Three ensiling treatments were evaluated: without additive, with acid treatment, and with inoculation of starter culture. The silage treatments were fed as partial mixed rations to 67 dairy cows for 3 weeks each, with one treatment fed twice to evaluate if a potential change in milk microbiota could be repeated. The highest average total bacteria counts were found in the used bedding material (9.6 log10 cfu/g), while milk showed the lowest (3.5 log10 cfu/g). Principal coordinate analysis of the weighted UniFrac distance matrix showed clear separation between 3 clusters of materials: 1) herbage, 2) silage and partial mixed ration, and 3) used bedding material and milk. Surprisingly, the expected effect of the ensiling treatments on silage microbiota was not clear. Transfer of major bacteria from the silages and resulting partial mixed rations to the used bedding material was observed, but rarely to milk. The milk microbiota showed most resemblance to that of the used bedding material. Lactobacillus was a major genus in both feed and milk, but investigations at amplicon sequence variant level showed that in most cases the sequences differed between materials. However, low total bacteria count in the milk in combination with a high diversity suggests that results may be biased due to environmental contamination of the milk samples. Considering that the study was performed on a research farm, strict hygienic measures during the feeding experiment may have contributed to the low transfer of bacteria from feed to milk.

Judicial Opinions 123-127

Opinion 123 places the epithet of the name Aeromonas punctata on the list of rejected epithets and clarifies the citation of authors of selected names within the genus Aeromonas. Opinion 124 denies the request to place Borreliella on the list of rejected names because the request is based on a misinterpretation of the Code, which is clarified. There are alternative ways to solve the perceived problem. Opinion 125 denies the request to place Lactobacillus fornicalis on the list of rejected names because the provided information does not yield a reason for rejection. Opinion 126 denies the request to place Prolinoborus and Prolinoborus fasciculus on the list of rejected names because a relevant type strain deposit was not examined. Opinion 127 grants the request to assign the strain deposited as ATCC 4720 as the type strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, thereby correcting the Approved Lists. These Opinions were ratified by the voting members of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes.

Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes: Minutes of the Meeting on 27 July 2022

The minutes of the online meeting of the Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes that was held on 27 July 2022 per video conference are presented.

Phylogenomics and molecular signatures support division of the order Neisseriales into emended families Neisseriaceae and Chromobacteriaceae and three new families Aquaspirillaceae fam. nov., Chitinibacteraceae fam. nov., and Leeiaceae fam. nov

The order Neisseriales contains 37 genera harboring 122 species with validly published names, which are placed into two families, Neisseriaceae and Chromobacteriaceae. Genome sequences are now available for 35 of the 37 Neisseriales genera for reliably determining their evolutionary relationships and taxonomy. We report here comprehensive phylogenomic and comparative analyses on protein sequences from 110 Neisseriales genomes plus 3 Chitinimonas genomes using multiple approaches. In a phylogenomic tree based on 596 core proteins, Neisseriales species formed 5 strongly supported clades. In addition to the clades for Neisseriaceae and Chromobacteriaceae families, three novel species clades designated as the "Chitinibacteraceae", "Aquaspirillaceae", and "Leeiaceae" were observed. The genus Chitinimonas grouped reliably with members of the "Chitinibacteraceae" clade. The major clades within the order Neisseriales can also be distinguished based on average amino acid identity analysis. In parallel, our comparative genomic studies have identified 30 conserved signature indels (CSIs) that are specific for members of the order Neisseriales or its five main clades. One of these CSIs is uniquely shared by all Neisseriales, whereas 8, 4, 9, 3 and 5 CSIs are distinctive characteristics of the Neisseriaceae, Chromobacteriaceae, "Chitinibacteraceae", "Aquaspirillaceae" and "Leeiaceae" clades, respectively. Based on the strong phylogenetic and molecular evidence presented here, we are proposing that the three newly identified clades should be recognized as novel families (Chitinibacteraceae fam. nov., Aquaspirillaceae fam. nov. and Leeiaceae fam. nov.) within the order Neisseriales. In addition, we are also emending descriptions of the families Neisseriaceae and Chromobacteriaceae regarding their constituent genera and other distinguishing characteristics.