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Gerstmans H, Duyvejonck L, Vázquez R, Staes I, Borloo J, Abdelkader K, Leroy J, Cremelie E, Gutiérrez D, Tamés-Caunedo H, Ruas-Madiedo P, Rodríguez A, Aertsen A, Lammertyn J, Lavigne R, Briers Y. Distinct mode of action of a highly stable, engineered phage lysin killing Gram-negative bacteria. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0181323. [PMID: 37971248 PMCID: PMC10714810 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01813-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Engineered lysins are considered as highly promising alternatives for antibiotics. Our previous screening study using VersaTile technology identified 1D10 as a possible lead compound with activity against Acinetobacter baumannii strains under elevated human serum concentrations. In this manuscript, we reveal an unexpected mode of action and exceptional thermoresistance for lysin 1D10. Our findings shed new light on the development of engineered lysins, providing valuable insights for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Gerstmans
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lisa Duyvejonck
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roberto Vázquez
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ines Staes
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Karim Abdelkader
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Jeroen Leroy
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emma Cremelie
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Diana Gutiérrez
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Héctor Tamés-Caunedo
- Dairy Research Institute of Asturias, Spanish National Research Council (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Patricia Ruas-Madiedo
- Dairy Research Institute of Asturias, Spanish National Research Council (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ana Rodríguez
- Dairy Research Institute of Asturias, Spanish National Research Council (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Abram Aertsen
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Rob Lavigne
- Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yves Briers
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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2
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Zermeño-Cervantes LA, Martínez-Díaz SF, Venancio-Landeros AA, Cardona-Félix CS. Evaluating the efficacy of endolysins and membrane permeabilizers against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in marine conditions. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104104. [PMID: 37422006 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Endolysins have garnered significant attention as a potential alternative to antibiotics in aquaculture, mainly for combating Vibrio spp., Gram-negative pathogens responsible for infectious outbreaks. However, endolysin effectiveness against Gram-negative bacteria is limited due to the outer membrane's poor permeability. The combat against marine pathogens poses an additional challenge of finding endolysins that retain their activity in high ionic strength conditions. Thus, this study aimed to demonstrate that certain endolysins retain muralytic activity in seawater and also evaluated outer membrane permeabilizers as endolysin adjuvants. The effectiveness of KZ144 and LysPA26 endolysins, along with EDTA and oregano essential oil, was evaluated against Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC-17802 in natural seawater. Results revealed the muralytic activity of both endolysins in seawater. However, the endolysins appeared to counteract the permeabilizers' effect during the initial bactericidal assays. Further investigations revealed that the observed effect was not antagonistic. After the permeabilizer action, V. parahaemolyticus likely used endolysins as a growth substrate. Endolysins may not play an indifferent role if they fail to exert a bactericidal effect. Instead, they can serve as a substrate for fast-growing bacteria, such as V. parahaemolyticus, increasing bacterial density. It should be considered a potential drawback of endolysins' proteinaceous nature as bactericidal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Angélica Zermeño-Cervantes
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CICIMAR, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B. C. S., CP. 23096, México.
| | - Sergio Francisco Martínez-Díaz
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CICIMAR, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B. C. S., CP. 23096, México.
| | - Alberto Antony Venancio-Landeros
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CICIMAR, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B. C. S., CP. 23096, México.
| | - César Salvador Cardona-Félix
- CONACyT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CICIMAR, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B. C. S., CP. 23096, México.
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3
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Mikoulinskaia GV, Prokhorov DA, Chernyshov SV, Sitnikova DS, Arakelian AG, Uversky VN. Conservative Tryptophan Residue in the Vicinity of an Active Site of the M15 Family l,d-Peptidases: A Key Element in the Catalysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13249. [PMID: 37686055 PMCID: PMC10487532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioinformatics analysis of the sequences of orthologous zinc-containing peptidases of the M15_C subfamily revealed the presence of a conserved tryptophan residue near the active site, which is not involved in the formation of the protein core. Site-directed mutagenesis of this Trp114/109 residue using two representatives of the family, l-alanoyl-d-glutamate peptidases of bacteriophages T5 (calcium-activated EndoT5) and RB49 (EndoRB49, without ion regulation) as examples, and further analysis of the 1H NMR spectra of the mutants showed that a decrease in the volume of the W → F → A residue leads to changes in the hydrophobic core and active center of the protein, and also decreases the affinity for regulatory Ca2+ in the EndoT5 mutants. The inactive T5W114A mutant lacks the ability to bind the substrate. In general, the conserved Trp114/109 residue, due to the spatial restrictions of its side chain, significantly affects the formation of the catalytically active form of the enzyme and is critical for catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina V. Mikoulinskaia
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov’s Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (S.V.C.); (D.S.S.); (A.G.A.)
| | - Dmitry A. Prokhorov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, RAS, Institutskaya ul., 3, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia;
| | - Sergei V. Chernyshov
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov’s Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (S.V.C.); (D.S.S.); (A.G.A.)
| | - Daria S. Sitnikova
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov’s Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (S.V.C.); (D.S.S.); (A.G.A.)
| | - Arina G. Arakelian
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov’s Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (S.V.C.); (D.S.S.); (A.G.A.)
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, RAS, Institutskaya ul., 3, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia;
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Laboratory of New Methods in Biology, Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Chernyshov SV, Tsvetkova DV, Mikoulinskaia GV. A rapid and efficient technique for the isolation of Bacillus genomic DNA using a cocktail of peptidoglycan hydrolases of different type. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 39:31. [PMID: 36454347 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03475-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The paper suggests a rapid and efficient technique for isolation of genomic DNA from the bacteria of the genus Bacillus, which is based on the hydrolysis of cell wall peptidoglycan by a cocktail of peptidoglycan hydrolases of different type (L,D-peptidase and N-acetylmuramidase). The comparing of conventional techniques for the isolation of genomic DNA using: a microwave treatment; a treatment with ionic detergents (SDS, CTAB) or a chaotropic agent (GuSCN); and enzymatic hydrolysis (nonspecific, with proteinase K, or specific, with peptidoglycan hydrolases) conducted on Bacillus megaterium, B. subtilis, B. licheniformis, B. cereus showed that the most effective ones were techniques based on the specific hydrolysis of cell wall peptidoglycan. The highest efficiency of hydrolysis was obtained with an enzyme cocktail consisted of hen egg muramidase (HEWL) and highly active phage-specific L,D-peptidase EndoRB49 revealed a pronounced synergism between the peptidase and the muramidase. The cocktail treatment of Bacillus cells could be reduced to 10 min without affecting the yield of nucleic acids. The quality of DNA preparations was assessed using the restriction and PCR assays, as well as agarose gel electrophoresis. Using peptidoglycan hydrolases of different type, which have a good synergy, makes the technique very efficient and perspective for the application when rapid and effective disintegration of cell wall is crucial to avoid adverse effects of macromolecular denaturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei V Chernyshov
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Diana V Tsvetkova
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Galina V Mikoulinskaia
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia.
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Gontijo MTP, Jorge GP, Brocchi M. Current Status of Endolysin-Based Treatments against Gram-Negative Bacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1143. [PMID: 34680724 PMCID: PMC8532960 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10101143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria is a public health concern. Bacteriophages and bacteriophage-derived lytic enzymes have been studied in response to the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. The availability of tRNAs and endolysin toxicity during recombinant protein expression is circumvented by codon optimization and lower expression levels using inducible pET-type plasmids and controlled cultivation conditions, respectively. The use of polyhistidine tags facilitates endolysin purification and alters antimicrobial activity. Outer membrane permeabilizers, such as organic acids, act synergistically with endolysins, but some endolysins permeate the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria per se. However, the outer membrane permeation mechanisms of endolysins remain unclear. Other strategies, such as the co-administration of endolysins with polymyxins, silver nanoparticles, and liposomes confer additional outer membrane permeation. Engineered endolysins comprising domains for outer membrane permeation is also a strategy used to overcome the current challenges on the control of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Metagenomics is a new strategy for screening endolysins with interesting antimicrobial properties from uncultured phage genomes. Here, we review the current state of the art on the heterologous expression of endolysin, showing the potential of bacteriophage endolysins in controlling bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Túlio Pardini Gontijo
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil; (G.P.J.); (M.B.)
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Azev V, Chulin A, Molchanov M, Prokhorov D, Mikoulinskaia G, Uversky VN, Kutyshenko V. Chemical synthesis of peptidoglycan mimetic-disaccharide-tetrapeptide conjugate and its hydrolysis by bacteriophage T5, RB43 and RB49 L-alanyl-D-glutamate peptidases. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11480. [PMID: 34055493 PMCID: PMC8140593 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endolysins of a number of bacteriophages, including coliphages T5, RB43, and RB49, target the peptidoglycans of the bacterial cell wall. The backbone of these bacterial peptidoglycans consist of alternating N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid residues that is further “reinforced” by the peptide subunits. Because of the mesh-like structure and insolubility of peptidoglycans, the processes of the peptidoglycan binding and hydrolysis by enzymes cannot be studied by spectral methods. To overcome these issues we synthesized and analyzed here one of the simplest water soluble peptidoglycan mimetics. Methods A compound has been synthesized that mimics the peptidoglycan fragment of the bacterial cell wall, N-acetylglucosaminyl-β(1-4)-N-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanyl-γ-d-glutamyl-l-alanyl-d-alanine. NMR was used to study the degradation of this peptidoglycan mimetic by lytic l-alanoyl-d-glutamate peptidases of colibacteriophages T5, RB43, and RB49 (EndoT5, EndoRB43, and EndoRB49, respectively). Results The resulting glycopeptide mimetic was shown to interact with the studied enzymes. Its hydrolysis occurred through the bond between l-Ala and d-Glu. This artificial substrate mimetic was hydrolyzed by enzymes at different rates, which decreased outside the pH optimum. The EndoT5 demonstrated the lowest hydrolysis rate, whereas the EndoRB49-driven hydrolysis was the fastest one, and EndoRB43 displayed an intermediate potency. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that EndoRB49 is characterized by the lowest selectivity, and hence the potentially broader spectrum of the peptidoglycan types subjected to hydrolysis, which was put forward in the previous study. We also show that to hydrolyze this glycopeptide mimetic, enzymes approach the glycopeptide near the methyl groups of all three alanines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viatcheslav Azev
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Alexey Chulin
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Maxim Molchanov
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Dmitry Prokhorov
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Galina Mikoulinskaia
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Laboratory of New Methods in Biology, Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.,Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Viktor Kutyshenko
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
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Shadrin VS, Machulin AV, Dorofeeva LV, Chernyshov SV, Mikoulinskaia GV. Lysis of cells of diverse bacteria by l,d-peptidases of Escherichia coli bacteriophages RB43, RB49 and T5. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:1902-1912. [PMID: 33107183 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this work was to study the antibacterial specificity and antibacterial effect of endolysins isolated from colibacteriophages RB43, RB49 and T5-as manifested on the exponential and stationary cell cultures of diverse bacteria depending on the growth stage, structure of peptidoglycan (PG) and antibiotic resistance. METHODS AND RESULTS Enzyme activity was assayed by the spectrophotometric method. Antimicrobial activity was estimated by the number of colony forming units (CFUs), with the results represented as logarithmic units. Morphological examination of bacterial cells was conducted using phase-contrast and scanning electron microscopy. The enzymes EndoT5, endolysin of bacteriophage T5, EndoRB43, endolysin of bacteriophage RB43 and EndoRB49, endolysin of bacteriophage RB49 turned out to be much less bacteriospecific than the corresponding Escherichia coli phages; they lysed bacteria of the genera Bacillus, Cellulomonas and Sporosarcina, whose PGs had different structures (A1γ, A4α and A4β) and chemical modifications (amidation). The specific lytic activity of phage enzymes was independent of the antibiotic resistance of bacterial cells and was higher when the cells were in the exponential, rather than stationary, growth phase. The analysis of morphological changes showed that the intermediate stage of the endolysin-induced lysis of bacterial cells was the formation of spheroplasts and protoplasts. CONCLUSIONS Endolysins of colibacteriophages RB49, RB43 and T5 have a wide spectrum of antibacterial action, which includes a number of diverse micro-organisms with different PG structures. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is a study of the bacterial selectivity of enzymes degrading bacterial cell wall in relation to the chemical structure of PG. It is shown that endolysins of bacteriophages RB49 and RB43 efficiently lyse cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria of the genus Bacillus and Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas (including an antibiotic-resistant strain). The number of bacterial cells is reduced by 3-6 orders of magnitude, which indicates good prospects for using these enzymes in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Shadrin
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A V Machulin
- Skryabin's Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center 'Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the, Russian Academy of Sciences', Pushchino, Russia
| | - L V Dorofeeva
- Skryabin's Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center 'Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the, Russian Academy of Sciences', Pushchino, Russia
| | - S V Chernyshov
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - G V Mikoulinskaia
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
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8
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Kutyshenko VP, Prokhorov DA, Mikoulinskaia GV, Molochkov NV, Yegorov AY, Paskevich SI, Uversky VN. Comparative analysis of the active sites of orthologous endolysins of the Escherichia lytic bacteriophages T5, RB43, and RB49. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:1096-1105. [PMID: 33159938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The methods of solution NMR, circular dichroism (CD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study two zinc-containing L-alanyl-D-glutamate peptidases - endolysins of the pseudo T-even myoviruses RB43 and RB49 (EndoRB43 and EndoRB49, respectively), which are orthologous to the EndoT5, which is a zinc-containing L-alanyl-D-glutamate peptidase of the T5 siphovirus. The spatial conservation of the Zn2+-binding sites for the enzymes EndoT5, EndoRB43, and EndoRB49 was established, and the key role of Zn2+ ions in the stabilization of the spatial structures of these three peptidases was confirmed. We are showing here that the binding of the Zn2+ ion in the active center of EndoRB49 peptidase causes conformational rearrangements similar to those observed in the EndoT5 peptidase upon binding of Zn2+ and Ca2+ ions and lead to the formation of a catalytically active form of the enzyme. Therefore, the binding of the Zn2+ ion to the active site of EndoRB49 peptidase is a necessary and sufficient condition for functioning of this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor P Kutyshenko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
| | - Dmitry A Prokhorov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Galina V Mikoulinskaia
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Nikolai V Molochkov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Alexander Y Yegorov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Svetlana I Paskevich
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Laboratory of New Methods in Biology, Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia; Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
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9
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Kovalenko AO, Chernyshov SV, Kutyshenko VP, Molochkov NV, Prokhorov DA, Odinokova IV, Mikoulinskaia GV. Investigation of the calcium-induced activation of the bacteriophage T5 peptidoglycan hydrolase promoting host cell lysis. Metallomics 2019; 11:799-809. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00020h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriophage T5 endolysin could be activated by Ca2+ in the periplasm of the host cell, thereby promoting bacterial lysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina O. Kovalenko
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS
- Moscow region 142290
- Russia
| | - Sergei V. Chernyshov
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS
- Moscow region 142290
- Russia
| | - Victor P. Kutyshenko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics RAS
- Moscow region 142290
- Russia
| | - Nikolai V. Molochkov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics RAS
- Moscow region 142290
- Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Prokhorov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics RAS
- Moscow region 142290
- Russia
| | - Irina V. Odinokova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics RAS
- Moscow region 142290
- Russia
| | - Galina V. Mikoulinskaia
- Branch of Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov's Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS
- Moscow region 142290
- Russia
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