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Wangchinda W, Pogue JM, Thamlikitkul V, Leelawattanachai P, Koomanachai P, Pai MP. Population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment analysis of IV fosfomycin for the treatment of MDR Gram-negative bacterial infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024; 79:1372-1379. [PMID: 38597137 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IV fosfomycin is used against MDR Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) but has dose-limiting side effects, especially in patients with impaired kidney function. OBJECTIVES To determine the optimal dosage of IV fosfomycin for patients with varying degrees of kidney function. METHODS Adult patients receiving IV fosfomycin for treatment of GNB were eligible. Five serial blood samples were collected after at least three doses of fosfomycin; plasma was assayed by LC-MS/MS and modelled by population pharmacokinetic analysis. The PTA for AUC24/MIC of 98.9 for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 40.8 for Pseudomonas aeruginosa were computed by Monte Carlo simulations. Cumulative fractions of response (CFR) were analysed for each pathogen using EUCAST MIC distributions. RESULTS A total of 24 patients were included. Creatinine clearance (CLCR) and gender significantly influenced fosfomycin clearance. The kidney function-adjusted dosing regimens are proposed by using the lowest dose that can achieve ≥90% PTA for AUC24/MIC of 98.9 at an MIC of ≤32 mg/L (EUCAST v.13 susceptibility breakpoint for Enterobacterales). For patients with normal kidney function (CLCR 91-120 mL/min), a dosage of 15 g/day is suggested. This regimen achieved 97.1% CFR against E. coli, whereas CFR was 72.9% for K. pneumoniae and 76.7% for P. aeruginosa. CONCLUSIONS A fosfomycin dosage of 15 g/day with adjustment according to kidney function provided high PTA and CFR when treating E. coli. This dosage is lower than that used in current practice and may improve tolerability. Higher dosages may be needed for P. aeruginosa; however, safety data are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaiporn Wangchinda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jason M Pogue
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | | | - Pannee Leelawattanachai
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Manjunath P Pai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
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Sajeev S, Hamza M, Sivaraman GK, Ghatak S, Ojha R, Mendem SK, Murugesan D, Raisen C, Shome BR, Holmes MA. Genomic insights of beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae belonging to sequence type 1699 from retail market fish, India. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:454. [PMID: 35781844 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella quasipneumoniae is a recently described species and often misidentified as Klebsiella pneumoniae. Here, we report the genomic characterization of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae (India238 strain) isolated from fish. The annotated genome acknowledged the presence of blaCTX-M-15, blaOKP-B-1, fosA5, oqxAB and virulence genes. The strain with ST1699 and serotypes KL52 and OL103 also harboured insertion sequences (ISs): ISKpn26 and ISEc9. Three complete phage genomes were identified in contigs 1 and 6 of the bacterial genome, enhancing the prospects of genome manipulation. The study highlights the pitfall of conventional microbiological identification methods to distinguish K. pneumoniae and K. quasipneumoniae. This is the first Indian study documenting the incidence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing K. quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae from a non-clinical environment, equipped with virulomes and associated mobile genetic elements. Given that fish can act as a potential vector for transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes, our findings have paramount importance on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Sajeev
- Microbiology, Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Muneeb Hamza
- Microbiology, Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Gopalan Krishnan Sivaraman
- Microbiology, Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, Kerala, India.
| | - Sandeep Ghatak
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, India.
| | - Rakshit Ojha
- Department of Disease Investigation, ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Mendem
- Department of Disease Investigation, ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Devi Murugesan
- Department of Disease Investigation, ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Claire Raisen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bibek R Shome
- Department of Disease Investigation, ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mark A Holmes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Hassan MM, Malik M, Saleem R, Saleem A, Zohaib K, Malik AY, Javaid M. Efficacy of Single Dose of Fosfomycin Versus a Five-Day Course of Ciprofloxacin in Patients With Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection. Cureus 2022; 14:e24843. [PMID: 35702450 PMCID: PMC9177222 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and objective: Treatment has become more challenging due to an aging population, polypharmacy and high prevalence of comorbid illness, antimicrobial antibiotic allergy or sensitivity, an increase in the number of individuals with underlying immunological or structural abnormalities, as well as the frequency of multidrug-resistant infections. Many multidrug-resistant bacteria are still susceptible to nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin, two ancient medicines. Their high urine concentrations and low toxicity give them an advantage over newer medications. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of a single dose of fosfomycin versus a five-day course of ciprofloxacin in patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Methodology and data collection procedure: This randomized control trial was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi. A total of 46 patients were enrolled. Patients were divided randomly into two groups by using the lottery method. In group A, patients were given a single 3 g dose of oral fosfomycin. In group B, patients were given oral ciprofloxacin (500 mg) daily for five days. Then patients were followed-up in the Outpatient Department (OPD) for 28 days. After 28 days, patients were evaluated for resolution of symptoms (as per operational definition). Patients in whom symptoms would not be resolved were managed as per standard protocol. All this information was recorded on proforma. Results: The average age of the patients in group A was 39.41±9.80 years while in group B that was 41.32±17.76 years. In both groups, 23 females were equally divided. The mean duration of symptoms in group A was 4.78±1.98 days while in group B was 4.95±1.29 days. The minimum duration of symptoms was three days and the maximum was 10 days. In group A, there were 15 (65.21%) patients with efficacy achieved, and among eight (34.78%) patients, efficacy was not achieved while in group B, there were 15 (65.21%) patients in which efficacy was achieved, and among eight (34.78%) patients, efficacy was not achieved. There was no significant association between efficacy and study groups as the p-value was not significant (p=0.87). Conclusion: The conclusion of the study was that in the treatment of simple urinary infections, a single dose of fosfomycin had equal efficacy and tolerability as a five-day course of ciprofloxacin.
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Wang YP, Chen YH, Hung IC, Chu PH, Chang YH, Lin YT, Yang HC, Wang JT. Transporter Genes and fosA Associated With Fosfomycin Resistance in Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:816806. [PMID: 35173700 PMCID: PMC8841775 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.816806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) are of significant clinical concern worldwide. Fosfomycin is one of the limited treatment options for CRKP. However, resistance to fosfomycin in CRKP has been observed. In this study, we aimed to investigate the fosfomycin resistance mechanism of CRKP. Fosfomycin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were collected from four medical centers in Taiwan from 2010 to 2018. The genes that contributed to fosfomycin resistance were amplified and sequenced. Carbohydrate utilization assays and mutagenesis studies were performed to determine the mechanisms underlying fosfomycin resistance. Forty fosfomycin-resistant CRKP strains were collected and used for further analysis. Fourteen strains exhibited low-level resistance (MIC = 256–512 mg/dl), while 26 strains showed high-level resistance (MIC ≥ 1,024 mg/dl). Chromosomal fosAKP I91V was detected in 39/40 fosfomycin-resistant CRKP strains. We observed that amino acid substitution of chromosomal fosAKP I91V increased the MIC of fosfomycin by approximately eight folds, and this was the only mechanism elucidated for low-level fosfomycin resistance. Among the 26 high-level resistance strains, fosAKP I91V combined with transporter deficiencies (18/26, 69.2%) was the most common resistant mechanism, and one strain showed transporter deficiency only. Plasmid-borne fosA3 accounted for 27.0% (7/26) of high-level resistance. Various G3P and G6P transporter gene mutations, including three novel single amino acid mutations (glpT E299D, glpT D274V, and uhpC A393V) were detected in 19 strains. No murA mutation was found in this study. Our study highlights the need for new therapeutic agents for CRKP infections in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hao Chen
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Cheng Hung
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Chu
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Chang
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsung Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Yang
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Hung-Chih Yang,
| | - Jin-Town Wang
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Jin-Town Wang,
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Sharahi JY, Hashemi A, Ardebili A, Davoudabadi S. Molecular characteristics of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Tehran, Iran. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2021; 20:32. [PMID: 33906654 PMCID: PMC8077724 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-021-00437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the distribution of carbapenem and colistin resistance mechanisms of clinical E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates from Iran. METHODS 165 non-duplicate non-consecutive isolates of K. pneumoniae and E. coli were collected from hospitalized patients admitted to Iran's tertiary care hospitals from September 2016 to August 2018. The isolates were cultured from different clinical specimens, including wound, urine, blood, and tracheal aspirates. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion and microdilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline. The presence of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) genes, carbapenemase genes, as well as fosfomycin resistance genes, and colistin resistance genes was also examined by PCR-sequencing. The ability of biofilm formation was assessed with crystal violet staining method. The expression of colistin resistance genes were measured by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis to evaluate the association between gene upregulation and colistin resistance. Genotyping was performed using the multi-locus sequencing typing (MLST). RESULTS Colistin and tigecycline were the most effective antimicrobial agents with 90.3% and 82.4% susceptibility. Notably, 16 (9.7%) isolates showed resistance to colistin. Overall, 33 (20%), 31 (18.8%), and 95 (57.6%) isolates were categorized as strong, moderate, and weak biofilm-producer, respectively. Additionally, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, blaNDM-1, blaOXA-48-like and blaNDM-6 resistance genes were detected in 98 (59.4%), 54 (32.7%), 77 (46.7%), 3 (1.8%), 17 (10.30%) and 3 (1.8%) isolates, respectively. Inactivation of mgrB gene due to nonsense mutations and insertion of IS elements was observed in 6 colistin resistant isolates. Colistin resistance was found to be linked to upregulation of pmrA-C, pmrK, phoP, and phoQ genes. Three of blaNDM-1 and 3 of blaNDM-6 variants were found to be carried by IncL/M and IncF plasmid, respectively. MLST revealed that blaNDM positive isolates were clonally related and belonged to three distinct clonal complexes, including ST147, ST15 and ST3299. CONCLUSIONS The large-scale surveillance and effective infection control measures are also urgently needed to prevent the outbreak of diverse carbapenem- and colistin-resistant isolates in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Yasbolaghi Sharahi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hashemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abdollah Ardebili
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sara Davoudabadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tajik S, Shokri F, Rostamnezhad M, Khoshnood S, Mortazavi SM, Sholeh M, Kouhsari E. Fosfomycin: A look at its various aspects. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Liu P, Chen S, Wu ZY, Qi M, Li XY, Liu CX. Mechanisms of fosfomycin resistance in clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2020; 22:238-243. [PMID: 32061879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Older antimicrobials such as fosfomycin are being considered as alternative agents in the treatment of drug-resistant organisms. However, there are limited data on the usefulness of fosfomycin against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of fosfomycin resistance and associated mechanisms in CRKP. METHODS A total of 99 clinical CRKP isolates were collected in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Wenzhou, China) between January 2017 and June 2018. Fosfomycin susceptibility testing was performed by the agar dilution method. Carbapenemase and fosfomycin resistance genes were detected by PCR. Analysis of the murA, glpT, uhpT, uhpA, ptsI and cyaA genes was performed by PCR and sequencing of four fosfomycin-resistant fosA3-negative CRKP strains. Conjugation experiments were employed to determine the mobility of the fosA3 gene. RESULTS Of the 99 CRKP isolates, fosfomycin-non-susceptibility was detected in 48 (48.5%) isolates, among which the fosA3 gene was detected in 44. Among the four fosfomycin-resistant fosA3-negative CRKP isolates, one isolate possessed a single nucleotide insertion and deletion mutations as well as 219 nucleotide substitution mutations in murA, two isolates possessed deletion or mutation of large DNA fragments in glpT, and one isolate possessed a fragment insertion sequence in glpT. Transfection into Escherichia coli J53 via plasmid conjugation was successful for 19 (43.2%) of the 44 fosA3-positive CRKP isolates. CONCLUSION The fosA3 gene is the primary mechanism of fosfomycin resistance in CRKP and can be transmitted widely by plasmid in hospitals. Mutations in murA and glpT were found in fosfomycin-resistant fosA3-negative CRKP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan W Road, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan W Road, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan W Road, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meng Qi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan W Road, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan W Road, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Cai-Xia Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan W Road, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Yu X, Zhang W, Zhao Z, Ye C, Zhou S, Wu S, Han L, Han Z, Ye H. Molecular characterization of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates with focus on antimicrobial resistance. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:822. [PMID: 31699025 PMCID: PMC6839148 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The enhancing incidence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP)-mediated infections in Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University in 2017 is the motivation behind this investigation to study gene phenotypes and resistance-associated genes of emergence regarding the CRKP strains. In current study, seven inpatients are enrolled in the hospital with complete treatments. The carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae whole genome is sequenced using MiSeq short-read and Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing technology. Prophages are identified to assess genetic diversity within CRKP genomes. Results The investigation encompassed eight CRKP strains that collected from the patients enrolled as well as the environment, which illustrate that blaKPC-2 is responsible for phenotypic resistance in six CRKP strains that K. pneumoniae sequence type (ST11) is informed. The plasmid with IncR, ColRNAI and pMLST type with IncF[F33:A-:B-] co-exist in all ST11 with KPC-2-producing CRKP strains. Along with carbapenemases, all K. pneumoniae strains harbor two or three extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing genes. fosA gene is detected amongst all the CRKP strains. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers are indicated and validated among all CRKP strains, providing valuable clues for distinguishing carbapenem-resistant strains from conventional K. pneumoniae. Conclusions ST11 is the main CRKP type, and blaKPC-2 is the dominant carbapenemase gene harbored by clinical CRKP isolates from current investigations. The SNP markers detected would be helpful for characterizing CRKP strain from general K. pneumoniae. The data provides insights into effective strategy developments for controlling CRKP and nosocomial infection reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xihong Road 312, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Zhiping Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xihong Road 312, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengsong Ye
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyan Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xihong Road 312, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaogui Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xihong Road 312, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifen Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xihong Road 312, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China. .,Xiamen Cingene Science and Technology co., LTD, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hanhui Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xihong Road 312, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Huttner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Leonard Leibovici
- Department of Internal Medicine E, Rabin Medical Center Beilinson Campus, Peta-Tiqva, Israel
| | - Stephan Harbarth
- Infection Control Program, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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Harada T, Taguchi M, Kawahara R, Kanki M, Kawatsu K. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacterial Pathogens in Ready-to-Eat Foods Retailed in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. J Food Prot 2018; 81:1450-1458. [PMID: 30080122 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The potential human health risk of Japanese ready-to-eat (RTE) foods was investigated by determining the contamination by foodborne bacterial pathogens, the prevalence of opportunistic and nosocomial pathogens, and the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates recovered from 96 samples of lightly pickled vegetables, 88 samples of Western-style desserts, and 98 samples of RTE fish and seafood products sold at retail in Osaka, Japan. Staphylococcus aureus, including isolates producing staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE), were isolated from six lightly pickled vegetable products, seven Western-style dessert products, and three RTE fish and seafood products. Of these isolates, one SEC-producing isolate from a cake was identified as community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus, which was multilocus sequence type 8 and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type IV. Enterobacteriaceae species, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter freundii-Citrobacter braakii, and/or the Enterobacter cloacae complex, were isolated from 92 (95.8%) of the lightly pickled vegetable products, 39 (44.3%) of the Western-style dessert products, and 74 (75.5%) of the RTE fish and seafood products. On the basis of the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the opportunistic and nosocomial Enterobacteriaceae pathogens, the third-generation cephalosporin, fosfomycin, and quinolone resistance determinants were investigated. We detected AmpC products of the CIT group and a qnrB9 product in 5 and 1 C. freundii-C. braakii isolates, respectively, and fosA gene products in 15 E. cloacae complex isolates. Because RTE foods are consumed without a heating process, the spread of bacterial pathogens from contaminated food to human consumers is possible. RTE foods must be handled using hygienic procedures from the processing steps to the table to reduce the prevalence of potentially pathogenic or pathogenic bacteria and to prevent bacterial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Harada
- Osaka Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Masumi Taguchi
- Osaka Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kawahara
- Osaka Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Masashi Kanki
- Osaka Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kawatsu
- Osaka Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
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Theoharaki C, Chronopoulou E, Vlachakis D, Ataya FS, Giannopoulos P, Maurikou S, Skopelitou K, Papageorgiou AC, Labrou NE. Delineation of the functional and structural properties of the glutathione transferase family from the plant pathogen Erwinia carotovora. Funct Integr Genomics 2018; 19:1-12. [PMID: 29938342 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-018-0618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Erwinia carotovora, a widespread plant pathogen that causes soft rot disease in many plants, is considered a major threat in agriculture. Bacterial glutathione transferases (GSTs) play important roles in a variety of metabolic pathways and processes, such as the biodegradation of xenobiotics, protection against abiotic stress, and resistance against antimicrobial drugs. The GST family of canonical soluble enzymes from Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica strain SCRI1043 (EcaGSTs) was investigated. Genome analysis showed the presence of six putative canonical cytoplasmic EcaGSTs, which were revealed by phylogenetic analysis to belong to the well-characterized GST classes beta, nu, phi, and zeta. The analysis also revealed the presence of two isoenzymes that were phylogenetically close to the omega class of GSTs, but formed a distinct class. The EcaGSTs were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and their catalytic activity toward different electrophilic substrates was elucidated. The EcaGSTs catalyzed different types of reactions, although all enzymes were particularly active in reactions involving electrophile substitution. Gene and protein expression profiling conducted under normal culture conditions as well as in the presence of the herbicide alachlor and the xenobiotic 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) showed that the isoenzyme EcaGST1, belonging to the omega-like class, was specifically induced at both the protein and mRNA levels. EcaGST1 presumably participates in counteracting the xenobiotic toxicity and/or abiotic stress conditions, and may therefore represent a novel molecular target in the development of new chemical treatments to control soft rot diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Theoharaki
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 118 55, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Chronopoulou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 118 55, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 118 55, Athens, Greece
| | - Farid S Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Panagiotis Giannopoulos
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 118 55, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Maurikou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 118 55, Athens, Greece
| | - Katholiki Skopelitou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 118 55, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassios C Papageorgiou
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Nikolaos E Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 118 55, Athens, Greece.
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12
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Sherry N, Howden B. Emerging Gram negative resistance to last-line antimicrobial agents fosfomycin, colistin and ceftazidime-avibactam – epidemiology, laboratory detection and treatment implications. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2018.1453807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Norelle Sherry
- Antimicrobial Reference and Research Unit, Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Benjamin Howden
- Antimicrobial Reference and Research Unit, Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
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