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Kamga Njile D, Mugyia EA, Endegue-Zanga MC, Kfutwah JA, Djoumetio MD, Onana B, Diop OM, Njouom R, Sadeuh-Mba SA. Detection and genetic diversity of parechoviruses in children with acute flaccid paralysis in Cameroon. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301771. [PMID: 38809876 PMCID: PMC11135751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Parechoviruses (HPeVs) have rarely been considered in the virological investigation of Acute Flacid Paralysis (AFP) cases in Africa, where enteric infections are very common. This study investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of HPeV in 200 children aged ≤ 15 years with AFP in Cameroon from 2018 to 2019. HPeVs were detected in their faecal RNA using 5'-untranslated real-time RT-PCR. Detected HPeVs were typed by phylogenetic comparison with homologous sequences from homotypic reference strains. Overall, HPeV RNA was detected in 11.0% (22/200) of the 200 stool samples tested. Twelve HPeVs were successfully sequenced and reliably assigned to HPeV-A1, A4, A5, A10, A14, A15, A17 and A18 genotypes. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a high genetic variability among the studied HPeVs, as well as between the studied HPeVs and their previously reported counterparts from Cameroon in 2014. These findings suggest that different HPeV genotypes co-circulate in Cameroon without documented epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kamga Njile
- Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Microbiology, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Emmanuel Akongnwi Mugyia
- Faculty of Science, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | - Boyomo Onana
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Microbiology, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Ousmane Madiagne Diop
- Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Richard Njouom
- Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Couderé K, Benschop K, van Steen A, Verweij JJ, Pas S, Cremer J, Edridge AWD, Abd-Elfarag GOE, van Hensbroek MB, Pajkrt D, Murk JL, Wolthers KC. First description and phylogenetic analysis of coxsackie virus A non-polio enteroviruses and parechoviruses A in South Sudanese children. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29194. [PMID: 37881026 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Enteroviruses (EV) and parechoviruses A (PeV-A) are commonly circulating viruses able to cause severe disease. Surveillance studies from sub-Saharan Africa are limited and show high but variable infection rates and a high variation in genotypes. This is the first study to describe EV and PeV-A circulation in children in South Sudan. Of the fecal samples collected, 35% and 10% were positive for EV and PeV-A, respectively. A wide range of genotypes were found, including several rarely described EV and PeV-A types. Coxsackie virus A (CVA) EV-C types, particularly CVA13, were the most dominant EV types. The CVA13 types had a high diversity with the majority belonging to four different previously described clusters. PeV-A1 and -A14 were the most common PeV-A genotypes. A lack of representative data from our and other studies from sub-Saharan Africa demonstrates the need for more systematic surveillance of non-polio EV and PeV-A types in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Couderé
- Microvida, Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberley Benschop
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid van Steen
- Microvida, Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Jaco J Verweij
- Microvida, Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Suzan Pas
- Microvida, Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Cremer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gasim O E Abd-Elfarag
- Emma Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michaël B van Hensbroek
- Emma Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dasja Pajkrt
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, OrganoVIR Labs, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Luc Murk
- Microvida, Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Katja C Wolthers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, OrganoVIR Labs, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Brouwer L, Wolthers KC, Pajkrt D. Parechovirus A prevalence in adults in The Netherlands. Arch Virol 2020; 165:963-966. [PMID: 32060795 PMCID: PMC7131978 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04547-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Human parechoviruses (HPeV) of the species Parechovirus A are highly prevalent disease-causing pathogens in children worldwide. HPeVs are capable of causing severe disease in adults as well, but the prevalence in adults may be much lower. The aim of our present study was to determine the prevalence of HPeV in clinical samples from adults sent in for diagnostic procedures in a tertiary hospital in the Netherlands. From a total of 10,645 samples obtained from 6175 patients, 20 samples from 11 patients (0.18%) tested positive for HPeV by RT-PCR. Two patients were positive for HPeV-1, two for HPeV-3, and one for HPeV-6. Six HPeVs could not be typed. Eight of the 11 HPeV-positive patients were immunocompromised. Due to comorbidity, we were unable to attribute the patients’ clinical symptoms to the HPeV infection. The HPeV prevalence in adults found in this study is low compared to HPeV prevalence in children. This may be largely explained by the high seropositivity rates in adults, although there could be other mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke Brouwer
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Katja C Wolthers
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dasja Pajkrt
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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