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Monteith W, Pascoe B, Mourkas E, Clark J, Hakim M, Hitchings MD, McCarthy N, Yahara K, Asakura H, Sheppard SK. Contrasting genes conferring short- and long-term biofilm adaptation in Listeria. Microb Genom 2023; 9:001114. [PMID: 37850975 PMCID: PMC10634452 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.001114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic food-borne bacterium that is capable of infecting humans with high rates of hospitalization and mortality. Natural populations are genotypically and phenotypically variable, with some lineages being responsible for most human infections. The success of L. monocytogenes is linked to its capacity to persist on food and in the environment. Biofilms are an important feature that allow these bacteria to persist and infect humans, so understanding the genetic basis of biofilm formation is key to understanding transmission. We sought to investigate the biofilm-forming ability of L. monocytogenes by identifying genetic variation that underlies biofilm formation in natural populations using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Changes in gene expression of specific strains during biofilm formation were then investigated using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Genetic variation associated with enhanced biofilm formation was identified in 273 genes by GWAS and differential expression in 220 genes by RNA-seq. Statistical analyses show that the number of overlapping genes flagged by either type of experiment is less than expected by random sampling. This novel finding is consistent with an evolutionary scenario where rapid adaptation is driven by variation in gene expression of pioneer genes, and this is followed by slower adaptation driven by nucleotide changes within the core genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Monteith
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Ben Pascoe
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Jack Clark
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, UK
| | - Maliha Hakim
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew D. Hitchings
- Swasnsea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Swansea, UK
| | - Noel McCarthy
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Koji Yahara
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Asakura
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tonomachi 3-25-26, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
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Duarte-Mata DI, Salinas-Carmona MC. Antimicrobial peptides´ immune modulation role in intracellular bacterial infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1119574. [PMID: 37056758 PMCID: PMC10086130 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1119574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular bacteria cause a wide range of diseases, and their intracellular lifestyle makes infections difficult to resolve. Furthermore, standard therapy antibiotics are often unable to eliminate the infection because they have poor cellular uptake and do not reach the concentrations needed to kill bacteria. In this context, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising therapeutic approach. AMPs are short cationic peptides. They are essential components of the innate immune response and important candidates for therapy due to their bactericidal properties and ability to modulate host immune responses. AMPs control infections through their diverse immunomodulatory effects stimulating and/or boosting immune responses. This review focuses on AMPs described to treat intracellular bacterial infections and the known immune mechanisms they influence.
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García-Borjas KA, Ceballos-Olvera I, Luna-Castro S, Peña-Avelino Y. Bovine Lactoferrin can Decrease the In Vitro Biofilm Production and Show Synergy with Antibiotics Against Listeria and Escherichia coli Isolates. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:101-107. [PMID: 32242775 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200403111743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine Lactoferrin (bLf) has been reported as antimicrobial, antiviral, immunomodulatory and anticancer protein. Escherichia coli and Listeria spp. are food-borne bacteria that can produce illness in human being and mammals, the emergent antimicrobial drug resistance has been reported in these pathogens. OBJECTIVE The aim for this study was to evaluate the bLf effect on in vitro biofilm production and the synergic effect of antibiotics on E. coli and Listeria isolates. METHODS E. coli and Listeria specimens were isolated from bovine carcasses and slaughterhouses surfaces, respectively. Biofilm formation was analyzed with or without bLf, incubated for 48 h and spectrophotometry, cell viability was analyzed by colony-forming unit (CFU) and the synergistic effect of bLf with ampicillin, oxytetracycline, and streptomycin was evaluated through the fractional concentration index (FCI). RESULTS Our results show that a low bLf concentration (0.8 μM) can diminish the in vitro biofilm production in Listeria isolates; also improves the in vitro oxytetracycline and streptomycin activity against E. coli, and ampicillin activity against Listeria isolates. CONCLUSION bLf can affect the biofilm production in Listeria isolates from slaughterhouses surfaces and shown synergic effect with ampicillin. Also has a synergic effect with oxytetracycline and streptomycin against E. coli isolates from bovine carcasses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivonne Ceballos-Olvera
- Institute of Veterinary Science Research, Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexicali, Mexico
| | - Sarahí Luna-Castro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, Victoria, Mexico
| | - Yosahandy Peña-Avelino
- Institute of Veterinary Science Research, Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexicali, Mexico
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Immuno-Stimulatory Peptides as a Potential Adjunct Therapy against Intra-Macrophagic Pathogens. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081297. [PMID: 28777342 PMCID: PMC6152048 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of infectious diseases is increasingly prone to failure due to the rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are natural components of the innate immune system of most living organisms. Their capacity to kill microbes through multiple mechanisms makes the development of bacterial resistance less likely. Additionally, AMPs have important immunomodulatory effects, which critically contribute to their role in host defense. In this paper, we review the most recent evidence for the importance of AMPs in host defense against intracellular pathogens, particularly intra-macrophagic pathogens, such as mycobacteria. Cathelicidins and defensins are reviewed in more detail, due to the abundance of studies on these molecules. The cell-intrinsic as well as the systemic immune-related effects of the different AMPs are discussed. In the face of the strong potential emerging from the reviewed studies, the prospects for future use of AMPs as part of the therapeutic armamentarium against infectious diseases are presented.
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Zhou J, Zhao M, Tang Y, Wang J, Wei C, Gu F, Lei T, Chen Z, Qin Y. The milk-derived fusion peptide, ACFP, suppresses the growth of primary human ovarian cancer cells by regulating apoptotic gene expression and signaling pathways. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:246. [PMID: 27012847 PMCID: PMC4806491 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2281-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background ACFP is an anti-cancer fusion peptide derived from bovine milk protein. This study was to investigate the anti-cancer function and underlying mechanisms of ACFP in ovarian cancer. Methods Fresh ovarian tumor tissues were collected from 53 patients who underwent initial debulking surgery, and primary cancer cells were cultured. Normal ovarian surface epithelium cells (NOSECs), isolated from 7 patients who underwent surgery for uterine fibromas, were used as normal control tissue. Anti-viabilities of ACFP were assessed by WST-1 (water-soluble tetrazolium 1), and apoptosis was measured using a flow cytometry-based assay. Gene expression profiles of ovarian cancer cells treated with ACFP were generated by cDNA microarray, and the expression of apoptotic-specific genes, such as bcl-xl, bax, akt, caspase-3, CDC25C and cyclinB1, was assessed by real time PCR and western blot analysis. Results Treatment with ACFP inhibited the viability and promoted apoptosis of primary ovarian cancer cells but exhibited little or no cytotoxicity toward normal primary ovarian cells. Mechanistically, the anti-cancer effects of ACFP in ovarian cells were shown to occur partially via changes in gene expression and related signal pathways. Gene expression profiling highlighted that ACFP treatment in ovarian cancer cells repressed the expression of bcl-xl, akt, CDC25C and cyclinB1 and promoted the expression of bax and caspase-3 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Conclusions Our results suggest that ACFP may represent a potential therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer that functions by altering the expression and signaling of cancer-related pathways in ovarian cancer cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2281-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Mengjing Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yigui Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Cai Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Fang Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Zhiwu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yide Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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Human lactoferrin increases Helicobacter pylori internalisation into AGS cells. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 28:1871-80. [PMID: 22806010 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-011-0984-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori has high global infection rates and can cause other undesirable clinical manifestations such as duodenal ulcer (DU) and gastric cancer (GC). Frequencies of re-infection after therapeutic clearance and rates of DU versus GC vary geographically and differ markedly between developed and developing countries, which suggests additional factors may be involved. The possibility that, in vivo, lactoferrin (Lf) may play a subtle role in modulating micronutrient availability or bacterial internalisation with implications for disease etiology is considered. Lf is an iron binding protein produced in mammals that has antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. Some bacteria that regularly colonise mammalian hosts have adapted to living in high Lf environments and we investigated if this included the gastric pathogen H. pylori. We found that H. pylori was able to use iron from fully iron-saturated human Lf (hLf) whereas partially iron-saturated hLf (apo) did not increase H. pylori growth. Instead, apo-hLf increased adherence to and internalisation of bacteria into cultured epithelial cells. By increasing internalisation, we speculate that apo-human lactoferrin may contribute to H. pylori's ability to persistence in the human stomach, an observation that potentially has implications for the risk of H. pylori-associated disease.
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Mishra M, Byrd MS, Sergeant S, Azad AK, Parsek MR, McPhail L, Schlesinger LS, Wozniak DJ. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Psl polysaccharide reduces neutrophil phagocytosis and the oxidative response by limiting complement-mediated opsonization. Cell Microbiol 2011; 14:95-106. [PMID: 21951860 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2011.01704.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes chronic lung infections in the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Psl is an extracellular polysaccharide expressed by non-mucoid P. aeruginosa strains, which are believed to be initial colonizers. We hypothesized that Psl protects P. aeruginosa from host defences within the CF lung prior to their conversion to the mucoid phenotype. We discovered that serum opsonization significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by neutrophils exposed to a psl-deficient mutant, compared with wild-type (WT) and Psl overexpressing strains (Psl(++)). Psl-deficient P. aeruginosa were internalized and killed by neutrophils and macrophages more efficiently than WT and Psl(++) variants. Deposition of complement components C3, C5 and C7 was significantly higher on psl-deficient strains compared with WT and Psl(++) bacteria. In an in vivo pulmonary competition assay, there was a 4.5-fold fitness advantage for WT over psl-deficient P. aeruginosa. Together, these data show that Psl inhibits efficient opsonization, resulting in reduced neutrophil ROS production, and decreased killing by phagocytes. This provides a survival advantage in vivo. Since phagocytes are critical in early recognition and control of infection, therapies aimed at Psl could improve the quality of life for patients colonized with P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenu Mishra
- Center for Microbial Interface Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Gauthier SF, Pouliot Y, Saint-Sauveur D. Immunomodulatory peptides obtained by the enzymatic hydrolysis of whey proteins. Int Dairy J 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2006.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lee HY, Park JH, Seok SH, Baek MW, Kim DJ, Lee BH, Kang PD, Kim YS, Park JH. Potential antimicrobial effects of human lactoferrin against oral infection with Listeria monocytogenes in mice. J Med Microbiol 2005; 54:1049-1054. [PMID: 16192436 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.45918-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen that causes serious listeriosis in humans. Antimicrobial effects of human lactoferrin (hLF) against L. monocytogenes have been clearly demonstrated in in vitro studies. However, in vivo studies have not been reported yet. This study investigated whether the oral administration of hLF could inhibit oral infection of listeria in BALB/c mice. The MICs for several strains of L. monocytogenes were determined, and the most sensitive strain was used for the animal work. hLF was administered to BALB/c mice for 7 days, commencing 4 days before oral infection. The effect of hLF was determined by bacterial enumeration and histopathological analysis of the liver and spleen, which are well-known as the major targets of oral listeria infection in mice. In bacterial enumeration, hLF decreased the number of L. monocytogenes cells in the liver. Histopathologically, the size and frequency of necrotic foci in the liver samples decreased with hLF administration. However, these changes were not observed in the spleen samples. The mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma, decreased in the liver of mice receiving hLF. This study has shown that hLF decreases the hepatic colonization of L. monocytogenes, hepatic necrosis and expression of inflammatory cytokines. It revealed that perorally given hLF could mediate antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities remote from the gut (i.e. in the liver) of mice challenged with L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Young Lee
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea 2Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, 441-744, Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea 2Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, 441-744, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyeok Seok
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea 2Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, 441-744, Korea
| | - Min-Won Baek
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea 2Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, 441-744, Korea
| | - Dong-Jae Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea 2Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, 441-744, Korea
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea 2Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, 441-744, Korea
| | - Pil-Don Kang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea 2Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, 441-744, Korea
| | - Yong-Soon Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea 2Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, 441-744, Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Park
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea 2Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, 441-744, Korea
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Longhi C, Conte MP, Ranaldi S, Penta M, Valenti P, Tinari A, Superti F, Seganti L. Apoptotic death of Listeria monocytogenes-infected human macrophages induced by lactoferricin B, a bovine lactoferrin-derived peptide. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2005; 18:317-25. [PMID: 15888254 DOI: 10.1177/039463200501800214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, an intracellular facultative food-borne pathogen, was reported to induce apoptosis in vitro and in vivo in a variety of cell types with the exception of murine macrophages. These cells represent the predominant compartment of bacterial multiplication and die as a result of necrosis. In this study we showed that human non-activated and IFN-gamma-activated macrophagic-like (THP-1) cells infected with L. monocytogenes, mainly die by necrosis rather than by an apoptotic process. Two natural products derived from bovine milk, lactoferrin and its derivative peptide lactoferricin B, are capable of regulating the fate of infected human macrophages. Bovine lactoferrin treatment of macrophages protects them from L. monocytogenes-induced death whereas lactoferricin B, its derivative peptide, determines a shifting of the equilibrium from necrosis to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Longhi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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