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Al-Mashhadani AA, Al-Gburi NM. Isolation and Molecular Identification of Nontuberculous Mycobacterium from Different Species of Fish in Karbala Province, Iraq. THE IRAQI JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.30539/ijvm.v44i(e0).1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed for isolation and molecular identification of Nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) from fish during the period between October and December 2017 from Karbla province, Iraq. This study included 200 fresh fish samples from four different species including Spondyliosoma cantharus, Liza abu, Carassius carassius and Cyprinuscarpio. Three samples of each fish were taken including gills, muscles and all internal organs. The samples were processed by decontamination, concentration of 4% sodium hydroxide, and 0.1 ml of sediment was streaking on Löwenstein Johnson (LJ) media; then the bacterial cultures were incubated at 28-30 °C for 3days up to 4 weeks and suspected colonies were stained with acid fast stain to confirm the presence of Mycobacterium. Further identification, biochemical tests were carried out to confirm the diagnosis of isolates, PCR was done using 16s RNA gene for all isolates, hsp65 gene was used in unidentified NTM spp and to confirm the others. Results revealed that out of 200 fish samples, 19 isolates 9.5% were identified as NTM belonged to Rapid Growth Mycobacterium (RGM). of the total isolates, 18.26 % was investigated from Liza abu (Kishni, Abu khraiza). NTM (RGM) isolates on spp level identified six spp of these isolates. M. porcinum was 26.32% which was followed by M. fortuitum of 21.05%, others included M. neworleansense and M. mucogenicum 10.5% of each, M. cosmeticum and M. pallens 5.26% of each. The distribution of NTM spp in the fish organs, nine out of 19 (47.37%) NTM isolate were recovered from gills followed by muscles 36.84 %, while 15.79% from internal organs. These results were the first study concerning isolation of these spp of NTM from fish in Iraq, and some spp are not reported in other studies. This study concluded that the fish is an importance source or reservoir for NTM, especially the pathogenic spp.
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Management of Mycobacterium abscessus Infection After Medical Tourism in Cosmetic Surgery and a Review of Literature. Ann Plast Surg 2016; 77:678-682. [DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000000745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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Evaluation of the efficiency of nested q-PCR in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex directly from tuberculosis-suspected lesions in post-mortem macroscopic inspections of bovine carcasses slaughtered in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Meat Sci 2015; 106:11-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lin L, Yin X, Wang Q. Rapid differentiation of mycobacteria by simplex real-time PCR with melting temperature calling analysis. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 119:853-8. [PMID: 26119243 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to develop a rapid, simple and cost-effective method for the differentiation of Mycobacterium species. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 80 clinical mycobacterial isolates belonging to 12 different species and 16 reference strains of 16 different species were differentiated by the simplex real-time PCR coupled with melting temperature calling analysis. By comparing their melting profiles with those of the reference strains, all clinical mycobacterial isolates were differentiated as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex or nontuberculous mycobacteria, and the latter were further divided into five groups. In comparison with 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer sequencing method as the gold standard method, both sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 100% when it was used for the differentiation between Myco. tuberculosis complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria. CONCLUSIONS The simplex real-time PCR coupled with melting temperature calling analysis could be an alternative method for the differentiation between Myco. tuberculosis complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Rapid differentiation of mycobacteria could shorten the diagnostic time of mycobacterial diseases. It is also helpful for achieving optimal therapy and appropriate patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - X Yin
- Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Zosso C, Lienhard R, Siegrist HH, Malinverni R, Clerc O. Post liposuction infections by rapidly growing mycobacteria. Infect Dis (Lond) 2014; 47:69-72. [PMID: 25415653 DOI: 10.3109/00365548.2014.968865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) are recognized agents of surgical site infections. Recently, RGM skin and soft tissue infections have been increasingly reported. As symptoms, clinical signs and disease latency remain non-specific and microbiological detection requires targeted growth media, RGM diagnosis remains challenging for clinicians. Appropriate management is often delayed due to lack of awareness of these infections. RGM infections after plastic surgery have also been described in the setting of interventions performed in developing countries, a growing phenomenon commonly known as medical tourism. We describe a case of Mycobacterium chelonae/abscessus infection following liposuction and liposculpture procedures performed in the Dominican Republic and review the literature on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Zosso
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Pourtalès Hospital , Neuchâtel
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Joao I, Cristovao P, Antunes L, Nunes B, Jordao L. Identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria by partial gene sequencing and public databases. Int J Mycobacteriol 2014; 3:144-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmyco.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Chany AC, Tresse C, Casarotto V, Blanchard N. History, biology and chemistry of Mycobacterium ulcerans infections (Buruli ulcer disease). Nat Prod Rep 2014; 30:1527-67. [PMID: 24178858 DOI: 10.1039/c3np70068b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium ulcerans infections (Buruli ulcer disease) have a long history that can be traced back 150 years. The successive discoveries of the mycobacteria in 1948 and of mycolactone A/B in 1999, the toxin responsible for this dramatic necrotic skin disease, resulted in a paradigm shift concerning the disease itself and in a broader sense, delineated an entirely new role for bioactive polyketides as virulence factors. The fascinating history, biology and chemistry of M. ulcerans infections are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Caroline Chany
- Université de Haute Alsace, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bioorganique, EA4566, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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Yurdakul P, Colakoglu S. Molecular methods for detection of invasive fungal infections and mycobacteria and their clinical significance in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1109:239-70. [PMID: 24473787 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-9437-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Infection remains an important source of morbidity and mortality in patients who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In the immune reconstitution period after transplantation, HSCT recipients are most likely to have bacterial or fungal infections. Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) and mycobacterial infections (MBIs) are among the complications of HSCT, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Early diagnosis of both is crucial in order to manipulate the disease and to avoid fulminant outcomes. This chapter reviews the current knowledge on the molecular diagnosis of IFIs and MBIs in HSCT recipients, describing two different polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods, one commercial (qPCR, Roche) and one in-house IS6110-based protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Yurdakul
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Cord Blood Bank, Ankara, Turkey
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Yin X, Zheng L, Wu L, Cao N, Zheng F, Hu Y, Lin M, Zhang P, Wang Q. Comparative evaluation of two rapid methods for differentiating mycobacteria. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2013; 93:227-31. [PMID: 23414675 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The real-time PCR with duplex primer sets and the MPB64-based immunochromatographic assay are newly developed methods for rapid differentiation of mycobacteria. The aim of this study is to evaluate the two methods for differentiation between Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria. A total of 95 clinical mycobacterial isolates belonging to 22 different species and 16 reference strains of 16 different species were differentiated by duplex real-time PCR method and MPB64-based immunochromatographic assay method. The two methods were evaluated by comparison with conventional biochemical technique as the gold standard method. The duplex real-time PCR method correctly differentiated all reference strains as well as the MPB64-based immunochromatographic assay method. For clinical isolates, the accuracy of the duplex real-time PCR method (100%) was slightly higher than the MPB64-based immunochromatographic assay method (97.9%), but there was no statistical significance between the two methods (P > 0.05), and there was an excellent agreement between them (Kappa = 0.957). The duplex real-time PCR method possesses greater potential for differentiation of mycobacteria in the clinical laboratory than the MPB64-based immunochromatographic assay method. However, the MPB64-based immunochromatographic assay method is more convenient than the duplex real-time PCR method when the number of sample is small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomao Yin
- Laboratory Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510515, PR China
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Rudeeaneksin J, Bunchoo S, Srisungngam S, Sawanpanyalert P, Chamnangrom S, Kamolwat A, Thanasripakdeekul P, Taniguchi T, Nakajima C, Suzuki Y, Phetsuksiri B. Rapid identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in BACTEC MGIT960 cultures by in-house loop-medicated isothermal amplification. Jpn J Infect Dis 2012; 65:306-11. [PMID: 22814152 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.65.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) by conventional culture, followed by bacterial identification based on biochemical tests is time-consuming and tedious. Simple loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, targeting the M. tuberculosis 16S ribosomal RNA gene, termed TB-LAMP, was evaluated as an alternative for rapid culture confirmation. TB-LAMP was assessed for its ability to detect M. tuberculosis complex in BACTEC MGIT 960-positive cultures. Of the 103 cultures evaluated, 100 were identified to contain M. tuberculosis complex by TB-LAMP and had concordant results with standard biochemical tests of niacin accumulation, nitrate reductase, lack of heat-stable catalase, and susceptibility to para-nitrobenzoic acid. These results indicate that TB-LAMP in combination with BACTEC MGIT 960 is a specific, reliable, and technically feasible method for rapid and accurate identification of M. tuberculosis complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janisara Rudeeaneksin
- National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
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Specific and Rapid Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in Clinical Samples by Polymerase Chain Reaction. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 2012; 2012:654694. [PMID: 23093958 PMCID: PMC3474247 DOI: 10.1155/2012/654694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Tuberculosis, a global health problem and highly prevalent in India, has always been a serious problem with respect to definitive diagnosis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques are now widely used for early detection and species differentiation of mycobacteria, but mostly with their own limitations. We aim to detect and differentiate Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections by choosing appropriate target sequences, ideally present in all mycobacterial species (MTB complex) and absent in others. Methods. Amplification of three target sequences from unrelated genes, namely, hsp 65 (165 bp), dnaJ (365 bp), and insertion element IS 6110 (541 bp) by PCR was carried out in clinical samples from suspected cases of tuberculosis/ mycobacterioses and healthy controls. Results. The sensitivity of this method ranged from 73.33% to 84.61%, and the specificity was 80%. The PCR method was significantly better (P = 0.03 and P = 0.009) than both smear and culture methods. Conclusion. Our trimarker-based PCR method could specifically detect M. tuberculosis and MTB complex infection from that of major pathogenic NTM and nonpathogenic mycobacteria. This method, by well distinguishing between MTB complex and NTM, presented a fast and accurate method to detect and diagnose mycobacterial infections more efficiently and could thereby help in better patient management particularly considering the increase in mycobacterial infections due to emergence of NTM over the past decades.
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Rapid and accurate identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and common non-tuberculous mycobacteria by multiplex real-time PCR targeting different housekeeping genes. Curr Microbiol 2012; 65:493-9. [PMID: 22797866 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-012-0188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate identification of mycobacteria isolates from primary culture is important due to timely and appropriate antibiotic therapy. Conventional methods for identification of Mycobacterium species based on biochemical tests needs several weeks and may remain inconclusive. In this study, a novel multiplex real-time PCR was developed for rapid identification of Mycobacterium genus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and the most common non-tuberculosis mycobacteria species including M. abscessus, M. fortuitum, M. avium complex, M. kansasii, and the M. gordonae in three reaction tubes but under same PCR condition. Genetic targets for primer designing included the 16S rDNA gene, the dnaJ gene, the gyrB gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Multiplex real-time PCR was setup with reference Mycobacterium strains and was subsequently tested with 66 clinical isolates. Results of multiplex real-time PCR were analyzed with melting curves and melting temperature (T (m)) of Mycobacterium genus, MTC, and each of non-tuberculosis Mycobacterium species were determined. Multiplex real-time PCR results were compared with amplification and sequencing of 16S-23S rDNA ITS for identification of Mycobacterium species. Sensitivity and specificity of designed primers were each 100 % for MTC, M. abscessus, M. fortuitum, M. avium complex, M. kansasii, and M. gordonae. Sensitivity and specificity of designed primer for genus Mycobacterium was 96 and 100 %, respectively. According to the obtained results, we conclude that this multiplex real-time PCR with melting curve analysis and these novel primers can be used for rapid and accurate identification of genus Mycobacterium, MTC, and the most common non-tuberculosis Mycobacterium species.
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Zhao P, Zhang YY, Li YB, Zhu Y, Wan KL. Diagnosis of pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium abscessus: a case report. J Int Med Res 2011; 39:968-75. [PMID: 21819731 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus (M. abscessus) is a non-tuberculous mycobacterium and an important emerging pathogen causing skin, soft tissue and pulmonary infections. The case of a 59-year-old man with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and current pulmonary infection due to M. abscessus, complicated with pneumocardial disease and bronchiectasis, is described. Zhiel-Neelsen stain and acid Lowenstein-Jensen culture were both positive for acid-fast bacillus. The patient was initially misdiagnosed and ineffectively treated for pulmonary TB. Antimycobacterial susceptibility tests found the isolate to be resistant to four first-line and seven second-line antituberculosis drugs. The isolate was finally identified as M. abscessus using 16S ribosomal RNA and hsp65 and rpoB gene sequence analysis. Species of mycobacterium should be included in the differential diagnosis when patients do not respond to standard antituberculosis therapy. Molecular methods are useful for rapid and species-specific identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zhao
- Chaoyang Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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14
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Sankar S, Ramamurthy M, Nandagopal B, Sridharan G. An appraisal of PCR-based technology in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mol Diagn Ther 2011; 15:1-11. [PMID: 21250760 DOI: 10.1007/bf03257188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is an under-recognized yet catastrophic health problem, particularly in developing countries. The HIV pandemic has served to increase the number of susceptible individuals, and multidrug-resistance and poor socioeconomic conditions also augment the prevalence and the consequences of the disease. To control the disease and its spread, it is vital that tuberculosis diagnostics are accurate and rapid. Whereas microscopy and culture have several limitations (low sensitivity is a problem for the former, while the latter has a delayed turnaround time), PCR-based techniques targeting regions of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome such as IS6110 have proved to be useful. The purpose of this review is to assess the use of PCR-RFLP, nested PCR and real-time PCR protocols and the choice of target regions for the detection of M. tuberculosis. Real-time PCR for the detection of M. tuberculosis target genes in clinical specimens has contributed to improving diagnosis and epidemiologic surveillance in the past decade. However, targeting one genome sequence such as IS6110 may not by itself be sufficiently sensitive to reach 100% diagnosis, especially in the case of pulmonary tuberculosis. Additional testing for target genome sequences such as hsp65 seems encouraging. An interesting approach would be a multiplex real-time PCR targeting both IS6110 and hsp65 to achieve comprehensive and specific molecular diagnosis. This technology needs development and adequate field testing before it becomes the acceptable gold standard for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Sankar
- Division of Biomedical Research, Sri Narayani Hospital and Research Centre, Thirumalaikodi, Sripuram, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Djelouadji Z, Raoult D, Drancourt M. Palaeogenomics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: epidemic bursts with a degrading genome. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2011; 11:641-50. [DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(11)70093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Sequence‐Based Identification and Characterization of Mycobacteria. Mol Microbiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1128/9781555816834.ch27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pozzato N, Stefani E, Capello K, Muliari R, Vicenzoni G. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis as a template in the evaluation of automated kits for DNA extraction from bovine organs. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Leung K, Yip C, Cheung W, Lo A, Ko W, Kam K. Development of a simple and low-cost real-time PCR method for the identification of commonly encountered mycobacteria in a high throughput laboratory. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 107:1433-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04324.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Simmon KE, Low YY, Brown-Elliott BA, Wallace RJ, Petti CA. Phylogenetic analysis of Mycobacterium aurum and Mycobacterium neoaurum with redescription of M. aurum culture collection strains. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:1371-5. [PMID: 19502318 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.007799-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains of Mycobacterium aurum and Mycobacterium neoaurum by using multilocus DNA target sequencing. Apart from the type strain, all 10 ATCC M. aurum strains examined were classified incorrectly, with most being reclassified as belonging to the M. neoaurum-'Mycobacterium lacticola' relatedness group. All four M. neoaurum strains were tightly clustered, but heterogeneity was observed within the cluster. As a result of the incorrect annotation of the M. aurum strains, two commonly used methods of identification are compromised and two case reports implicating M. aurum as a human pathogen are probably incorrect, with the isolates probably belonging to the M. neoaurum-'M. lacticola' relatedness group. These findings together with a review of isolates identified at two large reference laboratories suggest that M. aurum is not a clinically significant isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith E Simmon
- Associated Regional and University Pathologists (ARUP) Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Characterization of mycobacteria from a major Brazilian outbreak suggests that revision of the taxonomic status of members of the Mycobacterium chelonae-M. abscessus group is needed. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47:2691-8. [PMID: 19571015 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00808-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of postsurgical infections caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria has been ongoing in Brazil since 2004. The degrees of similarity of the rpoB and hsp65 sequences from the clinical isolates and the corresponding sequences from both the Mycobacterium massiliense and the M. bolletii type strains were above the accepted limit for interspecies variability, leading to conflicting identification results. Therefore, an extensive characterization of members of the M. chelonae-M. abscessus group was carried out. The M. abscessus, M. chelonae, M. immunogenum, M. massiliense, and M. bolletii type strains and a subset of clinical isolates were analyzed by biochemical tests, high-performance liquid chromatography, drug susceptibility testing, PCR-restriction enzyme analysis of hsp65 (PRA-hsp65), rpoB, and hsp65 gene sequencing and analysis of phylogenetic trees, DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH), and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the 16S rRNA gene (RFLP-16S rRNA). The clinical isolates and the M. abscessus, M. massiliense, and M. bolletii type strains could not be separated by phenotypic tests and were grouped in the phylogenetic trees obtained. The results of DDH also confirmed the >70% relatedness of the clinical isolates and the M. abscessus, M. massiliense, and M. bolletii type strains; and indistinguishable RFLP-16S rRNA patterns were obtained. On the contrary, the separation of clinical isolates and the M. abscessus, M. massiliense, and M. bolletii type strains from M. chelonae and M. immunogenum was supported by the results of PRA-hsp65, DDH, and RFLP-16S rRNA and by the rpoB and hsp65 phylogenetic trees. Taken together, these results led to the proposition that M. abscessus, M. massiliense, and M. bolletii represent a single species, that of M. abscessus. Two subspecies are also proposed, M. abscessus subsp. abscessus and M. abscessus subsp. massiliense, and these two subspecies can be distinguished by two different PRA-hsp65 patterns, which differ by a single HaeIII band, and by differences in their rpoB (3.4%) and hsp65 (1.3%) sequences.
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Rapid Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria by multiplex, real-time PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47:1497-502. [PMID: 19297596 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01868-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid identification of mycobacteria from culture is of primary importance for the administration of empirical antibiotic therapy and for the implementation of public health measures, yet there are few commercially available assays that can easily and accurately identify the mycobacteria in culture in a timely manner. Here we report on the development of a multiplex, real-time PCR assay that can identify 93% of the pathogenic mycobacteria in our laboratory in two parallel reactions. The mycobacteria identified by this assay include the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC), the M. avium complex (MAC), the M. chelonae-M. abscessus group (MCAG), the M. fortuitum group (MFG), and M. mucogenicum. The primer targets included the 16S rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer. The assay was initially validated with a repository of reference strains and was subsequently tested with 314 clinical cultures identified by the AccuProbe assay or high-performance liquid chromatography. Of the 314 cultures tested, multiplex, real-time PCR produced congruent results for 99.8% of the 1,559 targets evaluated. The sensitivity and the specificity were each 99% or greater for MTC (n = 96), MAC (n = 97), MCAG (n = 68), and M. mucogenicum (n = 9) and 95% and 100%, respectively, for MFG (n = 19). We conclude that this multiplex, real-time PCR assay is a useful diagnostic tool for the rapid and accurate identification of MTC and clinically relevant nontuberculous mycobacteria.
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De Lorenzi D, Solano-Gallego L. Tracheal granuloma because of infection with a novel mycobacterial species in an old FIV-positive cat. J Small Anim Pract 2009; 50:143-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2008.00697.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lim SY, Kim BJ, Lee MK, Kim K. Development of a real-time PCR-based method for rapid differential identification of Mycobacterium species. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007; 46:101-6. [PMID: 18028331 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2007.02278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To develop a real-time PCR method for rapid differential identification of many clinically important mycobacteria to the species level. METHODS AND RESULTS Eighteen Mycobacterium species that are considered clinically important were targeted for the identification. One primer pair and 21 pairs of hybridization probes (HybProbes) specific for the genus, species or complex were designed based on the rpoB gene sequences of mycobacteria. Twenty-five different Mycobacterium reference species were tested. In a single round of real-time PCR, all the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species tested were identified at the genus level and 16 of the 18 targeted species were differentially identified to the species or complex level during the amplification cycles; subsequent melting curve analysis allowed the specific identification of all the target species at the species or complex level without cross-reactivity with the other species. CONCLUSIONS The developed real-time PCR assay rapidly identifies the NTM at the genus level and 18 clinically important Mycobacterium species at the species or complex level. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This real-time PCR assay provides a useful tool for the rapid differentiation of most clinically important Mycobacterium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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