Hattori F, Kawamura Y, Kawada JI, Kojima S, Natsume J, Ito K, Saito S, Kitagawa Y, Okumura A, Yoshikawa T. Survey of rotavirus-associated severe complications in Aichi Prefecture.
Pediatr Int 2018;
60:259-263. [PMID:
29288522 DOI:
10.1111/ped.13506]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Rotavirus can, rarely, cause severe complications such as encephalopathy/encephalitis, myocarditis, sudden death, urinary stone, and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding; and the incidence of these severe complications remains unclear. Additionally, it has not been determined whether rotavirus (RV) vaccine could reduce cases of severe complications or not.
METHODS
A two-part questionnaire was designed to determine the number and clinical features of severe complications between 1 September 2008 and 31 August 2015, including the observation periods before and after RV vaccine introduction in Aichi Prefecture.
RESULTS
Twenty-four cases of encephalitis/encephalopathy, eight cases of sudden death, three cases of urinary tract stone, and three cases of GI bleeding were reported during the 2008/2009 season and the 2012/2013 seasons. Although five cases of encephalitis/encephalopathy were reported, no other cases of severe complications were reported during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons. No age difference was noted according to type of complication. Although onset of encephalitis/encephalopathy and of sudden death was around day 2 of illness, that of urinary tract stone and GI bleeding was slightly later (day 6 and day 4). In addition to the eight sudden deaths, fatal outcome was also noted in four cases (13.8%) of encephalitis/encephalopathy, and in one case of GI bleeding.
CONCLUSION
According to the questionnaire survey in Aichi Prefecture, the incidence of the four severe RV-associated complications appears to have declined as the vaccination rate has increased.
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