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Zhou K, Tian KY, Liu XQ, Liu W, Zhang XY, Liu JY, Sun F. Characteristic and Otopathogenic Analysis of a Vibrio alginolyticus Strain Responsible for Chronic Otitis Externa in China. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:750642. [PMID: 34975783 PMCID: PMC8718755 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.750642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus, a Gram-negative rod bacterium found in marine environments, is known to cause opportunistic infections in humans, including ear infections, which can be difficult to diagnose. We investigated the microbiological and otopathogenic characteristics of a V. alginolyticus strain isolated from an ear exudate specimen obtained from a patient with chronic otitis externa to provide a basis for the future diagnosis of V. alginolyticus-associated infections. The identification of V. alginolyticus was accomplished using a combination of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), classical biochemical identification methods, and the use of Vibrio-selective media and advanced molecular identification methodologies. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that the strain was resistant to ampicillin and sensitive to β-lactam, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and sulfonamide antibiotics. The potential otopathogenic effects of V. alginolyticus were determined through the performance of cell viability, cell apoptosis, and cell death assays in tympanic membrane (TM) keratinocytes and HEI-OC1 cells treated with V. alginolyticus-conditioned medium using cell-counting kit (CCK)-8 assay, a wound-healing migration assay, Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometric analysis, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labeling (TUNEL staining). The results indicated that the identified V. alginolyticus strain exerts cytotoxic effects on keratinocytes and HEI-OC1 cells by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration and inducing apoptosis and cell death. To evaluate the ototoxicity of V. alginolyticus, the cell density and morphological integrity of hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) were analyzed after exposing cochlear organotypic explants to the bacterial supernatant, which revealed the pre-dominant susceptibility and vulnerability of HCs and SGNs in the basal cochlear region to the ototoxic insults exerted by V. alginolyticus. Our investigation highlights the challenges associated with the identification and characteristic analysis of the Vibrio strain isolated in this case and ultimately aims to increase the understanding and awareness of clinicians and microbiologists for the improved diagnosis of V. alginolyticus-associated ear infections and the recognition of its potential otopathogenic and ototoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Laboratory Medicine of People's Liberation Army (PLA), Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke-Yong Tian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin-Qin Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia-Yun Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Laboratory Medicine of People's Liberation Army (PLA), Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Kunitomo K, Uemura N, Shimizu T, Hayano S, Tsuji T. Skin and soft tissue infections and bacteremia caused by Vibrio cincinnatiensis. IDCases 2022; 29:e01564. [PMID: 35845826 PMCID: PMC9278064 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Hurvitz N, Cahan LOS, Gross I, Grupel D, Megged O, Pasternak Y, Temper V, Levy R, Weiser G, Hashavya S. The role of Staphylococcus lugdunensis as a pathogen in children: a multicentre retrospective study. J Med Microbiol 2021; 70. [PMID: 34038340 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Staphylococcus lugdunensis (SL), a tube coagulase negative Staphylococcus, is known to be pathogenic in adults, causing mainly skin infections.Gap Statement: Previous studies assessing SL's role in paediatric populations are sparse and are mainly limited to case reports.Aim: Present the clinical characteristics consistent with SL infections and its putative role as a pathogen in the paediatric population.Methodology: A retrospective multicentre study was conducted in four paediatric medical centres in Israel. Patients with isolates of SL presenting between 2009-2019 were included.Results: SL was isolated from 40 patients. Average (±SD) age at presentation was 5.9 (±6.2) years, with 22 (55 %) being female. Skin, soft tissue and musculoskeletal infections were the most common (n=20, 50%) followed by ear infections (n=13, 32.5%). Five cases of urine isolates and two isolates from blood culture samples were also reported. Skin abscess was the most common infection among skin and soft tissue isolates, reported in 17 children (85%) with SL being the only pathogen in 15 (75%). Otitis media was the most common ear infection accounting for 12 (92%) of all cases with SL as the only isolate reported in 6 (46%). Five cases of SL isolates from urine specimens were reported, all of which with poor growth of bacteria and normal urinalysis. Two cases of SL growth in blood culture were found in children presenting with signs and symptoms consistent with invasive blood stream infection.Conclusions: In the paediatric population, studied infections caused by SL are increasingly observed. The results of this study highlight its role as a pathogen in soft tissue infections and its putative role in otitis media and invasive blood stream infections. However, the role of SL as an uropathogen was not established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Hurvitz
- Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Itai Gross
- Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniel Grupel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Samson Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, Ashdod, Israel
| | - Orli Megged
- Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yehonatan Pasternak
- Schneider Children's Medical Centre in Israel, Ward A, Paediatrics, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Violeta Temper
- Department of Microbiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Levy
- Schneider Children's Medical Centre in Israel, Ward A, Paediatrics, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Giora Weiser
- Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, Shaare Zedek Medical centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Saar Hashavya
- Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
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