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Li X, Xu X, Chen X, Li Y, Guo J, Gao J, Jiao X, Tang Y, Huang J. Prevalence and genetic characterization of Campylobacter from clinical poultry cases in China. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0079723. [PMID: 37847023 PMCID: PMC10714823 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00797-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Campylobacter is a major cause of campylobacteriosis worldwide, and poultry is the main reservoir for its transmission. Campylobacter was generally considered to be a harmless commensal organism in poultry without pathogenic properties. However, it was proposed that a Campylobacter-like organism may be the cause of vibrionic hepatitis, which poses a significant public health risk. The occurrence and epidemiology of Campylobacter in healthy poultry have been studied systematically, but little is known about the epidemiology of Campylobacter isolates from diseased poultry in China. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence and molecular characterization of Campylobacter from diseased chickens, ducks, and geese in Yangzhou Veterinary Hospital between December 2016 and September 2017, which was critical for improving the diagnosis and prevention of Campylobacter infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangxiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunlu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiale Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyue Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinlin Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Allen JP, Snitkin E, Pincus NB, Hauser AR. Forest and Trees: Exploring Bacterial Virulence with Genome-wide Association Studies and Machine Learning. Trends Microbiol 2021; 29:621-633. [PMID: 33455849 PMCID: PMC8187264 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The advent of inexpensive and rapid sequencing technologies has allowed bacterial whole-genome sequences to be generated at an unprecedented pace. This wealth of information has revealed an unanticipated degree of strain-to-strain genetic diversity within many bacterial species. Awareness of this genetic heterogeneity has corresponded with a greater appreciation of intraspecies variation in virulence. A number of comparative genomic strategies have been developed to link these genotypic and pathogenic differences with the aim of discovering novel virulence factors. Here, we review recent advances in comparative genomic approaches to identify bacterial virulence determinants, with a focus on genome-wide association studies and machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Allen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
| | - Evan Snitkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nathan B Pincus
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Alan R Hauser
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Medicine/Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Laconi A, Drigo I, Palmieri N, Carraro L, Tonon E, Franch R, Bano L, Piccirillo A. Genomic analysis of extra-intestinal Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from commercial chickens. Vet Microbiol 2021; 259:109161. [PMID: 34214907 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli have commonly been considered harmless commensal inhabitants of the chicken gut; however, these Campylobacter spp. are known to be able to multiply in the gut and invade other tissues, negatively affecting host health and performance. In this study, fourteen Campylobacter spp. were isolated from chickens showing foci of necrosis on the liver surface resembling lesions observed in cases of avian vibrionic hepatitis/spotty liver disease. The whole genome sequences of the fourteen isolates were analysed and their virulomes compared to those of Campylobacter reference sequences, aiming to investigate the possible association between virulence genes and the observed pathological lesions. Nine C. jejuni and five C. coli were studied. These Campylobacter shared twelve virulence factors with other isolates originated from chicken livers and hosted a higher number of virulence-associated genes in comparison to the reference genomes, including genes encoding for factors involved in adherence to and invasion of the intestinal epithelial cells. Our findings seem to point out that these twelve common virulence-associated genes, together with the presence of a high number of virulence factors involved in adherence, invasion and motility, might be responsible for the extra-intestinal spread of our isolates and the colonization of parenchymatous tissues, possibly causing the pathological lesions observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Laconi
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy
| | - Ilenia Drigo
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 31020 Villorba (TV), Italy
| | - Nicola Palmieri
- University Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, 1210, Austria
| | - Lisa Carraro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy
| | - Elena Tonon
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 31020 Villorba (TV), Italy
| | - Raffaela Franch
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy
| | - Luca Bano
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 31020 Villorba (TV), Italy
| | - Alessandra Piccirillo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy.
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Bloomfield S, Wilkinson D, Rogers L, Biggs P, French N, Mohan V, Savoian M, Venter P, Midwinter A. Campylobacter novaezeelandiae sp. nov., isolated from birds and water in New Zealand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:3775-3784. [PMID: 32501787 PMCID: PMC7395618 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Six isolates of Campylobacter with similar non-standard colonial morphologies were identified during studies isolating Campylobacter from bird faeces and rivers in New Zealand. Genomic (16S rRNA gene sequencing and whole genome analysis) and phenotypic (MALDI-TOF analysis and conventional biochemical tests) showed that the isolates form a monophyletic clade with genetic relationships to Campylobacter coli/Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter peloridis/Campylobacter amoricus. They may be distinguished from other Campylobacter by their MALDI-TOF spectral pattern, their florid α-haemolysis, their ability to grow anaerobically at 37 °C, and on 2 % NaCl nutrient agar, and their lack of hippuricase. This study shows that these isolates represent a novel species within the genus Campylobacter for which the name Campylobacter novaezeelandiae sp. nov. is proposed. The presence of C. novaezeelandiae in water may be a confounder for freshwater microbial risk assessment as they may not be pathogenic for humans. The type strain is B423bT (=NZRM 4741T=ATCC TSD-167T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bloomfield
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Present address: Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - David Wilkinson
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Lynn Rogers
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Patrick Biggs
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nigel French
- Infectious Disease Research Centre, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Present address: New Zealand Food Safety and Science Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Vathsala Mohan
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Present address: Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Matthew Savoian
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Pierre Venter
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Anne Midwinter
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Salama NR. Cell morphology as a virulence determinant: lessons from Helicobacter pylori. Curr Opin Microbiol 2020; 54:11-17. [PMID: 32014717 PMCID: PMC7247928 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A genetic screen for colonization factors of the human stomach pathogen Helicobacter pylori took a surprising turn with the discovery that some colonization mutants had lost helical cell morphology. Further pursuit of direct morphology screens revealed a large H. pylori 'shapesome' complex consisting of peptidoglycan modification and precursor synthesis enzymes, a cytoskeletal element and putative scaffold or regulatory proteins that promote enhanced asymmetric cell wall growth. Functional characterization of H. pylori shape mutants indicates multiple roles for cell shape during colonization of mucosal surfaces. Conservation of both the molecular constituents of the H. pylori cell shape program and a newly appreciated enrichment of this morphotype at mucosal surface suggests that helical organisms may be particularly well poised to exploit host perturbations to become pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina R Salama
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
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