1
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Chen L, Li X, Liu J, Hou Z, Wei Y, Chen M, Wang B, Cao H, Qiu R, Zhang Y, Ji X, Zhang P, Xue M, Qiu L, Wang L, Li H. Distinctive subgingival microbial signatures in older adults with different levels of cognitive function. J Clin Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 38769711 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
AIM To examine association between subgingival microbial signatures and levels of cognitive impairment in older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed subgingival plaque samples and 16S ribosomal RNA sequences for microbiota among 165 participants (normal controls [NCs]: 40, subjective cognitive decline [SCD]: 40, mild cognitive impairment [MCI]: 49 and dementia: 36). RESULTS The bacterial richness was lower among individuals with worse cognitive function, and subgingival microbial communities differed significantly among the four groups. Declining cognitive function was associated with decreasing relative abundance of genera Capnocytophaga, Saccharibacteria_genera_incertae_sedis, Lautropia and Granulicatella, and increasing abundance of genus Porphyromonas. Moreover, there were differentially abundant genera among the groups. Random forest model based on subgingival microbiota could distinguish between cognitive impairment and NC (AUC = 0.933, 95% confidence interval 0.873-0.992). Significant correlations were observed between oral microbiota and sex, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score and Mini-Mental State Examination score. Partial correlation analysis showed that Leptotrichia and Burkholderia were closely negatively associated with the MoCA score after adjusting for multiple covariates. Gene function was not significantly different between SCD and NC groups, whereas three homozygous genes were altered in MCI patients and two in dementia patients. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate an association between the composition, function and metabolic pathways of subgingival microbiota and different levels of cognitive function among older individuals. Future cohort studies should assess its diagnostic usefulness for cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chen
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Nursing, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Li
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinxiu Liu
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyi Hou
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yongbao Wei
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingfeng Chen
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bixia Wang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huizhen Cao
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rongyan Qiu
- Department of Surgery, Fujian Provincial Governmental Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinli Ji
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mianxiang Xue
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linlin Qiu
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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2
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Muller E, Shiryan I, Borenstein E. Multi-omic integration of microbiome data for identifying disease-associated modules. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2621. [PMID: 38521774 PMCID: PMC10960825 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Multi-omic studies of the human gut microbiome are crucial for understanding its role in disease across multiple functional layers. Nevertheless, integrating and analyzing such complex datasets poses significant challenges. Most notably, current analysis methods often yield extensive lists of disease-associated features (e.g., species, pathways, or metabolites), without capturing the multi-layered structure of the data. Here, we address this challenge by introducing "MintTea", an intermediate integration-based approach combining canonical correlation analysis extensions, consensus analysis, and an evaluation protocol. MintTea identifies "disease-associated multi-omic modules", comprising features from multiple omics that shift in concord and that collectively associate with the disease. Applied to diverse cohorts, MintTea captures modules with high predictive power, significant cross-omic correlations, and alignment with known microbiome-disease associations. For example, analyzing samples from a metabolic syndrome study, MintTea identifies a module with serum glutamate- and TCA cycle-related metabolites, along with bacterial species linked to insulin resistance. In another dataset, MintTea identifies a module associated with late-stage colorectal cancer, including Peptostreptococcus and Gemella species and fecal amino acids, in line with these species' metabolic activity and their coordinated gradual increase with cancer development. This work demonstrates the potential of advanced integration methods in generating systems-level, multifaceted hypotheses underlying microbiome-disease interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrat Muller
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Itamar Shiryan
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Elhanan Borenstein
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA.
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3
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Merritt J, Kreth J. Illuminating the oral microbiome and its host interactions: tools and approaches for molecular microbiology studies. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:fuac050. [PMID: 36549660 PMCID: PMC10719069 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancements in DNA sequencing technologies within the last decade have stimulated an unprecedented interest in the human microbiome, largely due the broad diversity of human diseases found to correlate with microbiome dysbiosis. As a direct consequence of these studies, a vast number of understudied and uncharacterized microbes have been identified as potential drivers of mucosal health and disease. The looming challenge in the field is to transition these observations into defined molecular mechanistic studies of symbiosis and dysbiosis. In order to meet this challenge, many of these newly identified microbes will need to be adapted for use in experimental models. Consequently, this review presents a comprehensive overview of the molecular microbiology tools and techniques that have played crucial roles in genetic studies of the bacteria found within the human oral microbiota. Here, we will use specific examples from the oral microbiome literature to illustrate the biology supporting these techniques, why they are needed in the field, and how such technologies have been implemented. It is hoped that this information can serve as a useful reference guide to help catalyze molecular microbiology studies of the many new understudied and uncharacterized species identified at different mucosal sites in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Merritt
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Jens Kreth
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
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4
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Zhou P, Garcia BL, Kotsakis GA. Comparison of antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of bioactive glass compounds S53P4 and 45S5. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:212. [PMID: 36050654 PMCID: PMC9438227 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02617-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone loss and deformation due to damage caused by injury or recurrent invasive infections presents a major clinical obstacle. While bone substitute biomaterials promote osseous tissue regeneration, their application in sites complicated by microbial infections such as osteomyelitis, is limited. Bioactive glass biomaterials (Bioglass) have been shown to have efficient mechanisms of repairing the integrity of bone, while inhibiting growth of a range of bacterial strains. There are several commercially available bioactive glass compounds, each with a unique chemical composition. One compound in particular, S53P4, has demonstrated antimicrobial effects in previous studies but the antimicrobial activity of the parent compound 45S5 has not been investigated. Results To assess whether antimicrobial activity is common among bioglass compounds, 45S5-the parent compound, was evaluated in comparison to S53P4 for antibacterial and antibiofilm effects against multiple strains of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria associated with various types of osteomyelitis. Experiments of antimicrobial effects in liquid cultures demonstrated that both compounds were antimicrobial against various microbial genera including S. gordonii, V. parvula, P. aeruginosa and MRSA; particles of the smallest size (32–125 µm) invariably showed the most robust antimicrobial capabilities. When employed against biofilms ecological biofilms grown on hydroxyapatite, 45S5 particles produced a stronger reduction in biofilm mass compared to S53P4 particles when considering small particle ranges. Conclusion We found that 45S5 seems to be as effective as S53P4 and possibly even more capable of limiting bacterial infections. The efficacy of bioactive glass was not limited to inhibition of planktonic growth, as it also extended to bacterial biofilms. The increased antibacterial activity of 45S5 compared to S53P4 is true for a variety of size ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Translational Periodontal Research Laboratory, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Department of Periodontics, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr. 7894, TX, 78229-3900, San Antonio, USA
| | - Brittny L Garcia
- Department of Periodontics, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr. 7894, TX, 78229-3900, San Antonio, USA
| | - Georgios A Kotsakis
- Translational Periodontal Research Laboratory, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA. .,Department of Periodontics, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr. 7894, TX, 78229-3900, San Antonio, USA.
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5
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Zhou P, Manoil D, Belibasakis GN, Kotsakis GA. Veillonellae: Beyond Bridging Species in Oral Biofilm Ecology. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 2:774115. [PMID: 35048073 PMCID: PMC8757872 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.774115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Veillonella comprises 16 characterized species, among which eight are commonly found in the human oral cavity. The high abundance of Veillonella species in the microbiome of both supra- and sub-gingival biofilms, and their interdependent relationship with a multitude of other bacterial species, suggest veillonellae to play an important role in oral biofilm ecology. Development of oral biofilms relies on an incremental coaggregation process between early, bridging and later bacterial colonizers, ultimately forming multispecies communities. As early colonizer and bridging species, veillonellae are critical in guiding the development of multispecies communities in the human oral microenvironment. Their ability to establish mutualistic relationships with other members of the oral microbiome has emerged as a crucial factor that may contribute to health equilibrium. Here, we review the general characteristics, taxonomy, physiology, genomic and genetics of veillonellae, as well as their bridging role in the development of oral biofilms. We further discuss the role of Veillonella spp. as potential “accessory pathogens” in the human oral cavity, capable of supporting colonization by other, more pathogenic species. The relationship between Veillonella spp. and dental caries, periodontitis, and peri-implantitis is also recapitulated in this review. We finally highlight areas of future research required to better understand the intergeneric signaling employed by veillonellae during their bridging activities and interspecies mutualism. With the recent discoveries of large species and strain-specific variation within the genus in biological and virulence characteristics, the study of Veillonella as an example of highly adaptive microorganisms that indirectly participates in dysbiosis holds great promise for broadening our understanding of polymicrobial disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Translational Periodontal Research Lab, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Daniel Manoil
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Georgios N Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Georgios A Kotsakis
- Translational Periodontal Research Lab, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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6
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Sedghi LM, Bacino M, Kapila YL. Periodontal Disease: The Good, The Bad, and The Unknown. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:766944. [PMID: 34950607 PMCID: PMC8688827 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.766944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is classically characterized by progressive destruction of the soft and hard tissues of the periodontal complex, mediated by an interplay between dysbiotic microbial communities and aberrant immune responses within gingival and periodontal tissues. Putative periodontal pathogens are enriched as the resident oral microbiota becomes dysbiotic and inflammatory responses evoke tissue destruction, thus inducing an unremitting positive feedback loop of proteolysis, inflammation, and enrichment for periodontal pathogens. Keystone microbial pathogens and sustained gingival inflammation are critical to periodontal disease progression. However, recent studies have revealed the importance of previously unidentified microbes involved in disease progression, including various viruses, phages and bacterial species. Moreover, newly identified immunological and genetic mechanisms, as well as environmental host factors, including diet and lifestyle, have been discerned in recent years as further contributory factors in periodontitis. These factors have collectively expanded the established narrative of periodontal disease progression. In line with this, new ideologies related to maintaining periodontal health and treating existing disease have been explored, such as the application of oral probiotics, to limit and attenuate disease progression. The role of systemic host pathologies, such as autoimmune disorders and diabetes, in periodontal disease pathogenesis has been well noted. Recent studies have additionally identified the reciprocated importance of periodontal disease in potentiating systemic disease states at distal sites, such as in Alzheimer's disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, and oral cancer, further highlighting the importance of the oral cavity in systemic health. Here we review long-standing knowledge of periodontal disease progression while integrating novel research concepts that have broadened our understanding of periodontal health and disease. Further, we delve into innovative hypotheses that may evolve to address significant gaps in the foundational knowledge of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea M. Sedghi
- School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Margot Bacino
- School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Yvonne Lorraine Kapila
- School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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7
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Khocht A, Orlich M, Paster B, Bellinger D, Lenoir L, Irani C, Fraser G. Cross-sectional comparisons of subgingival microbiome and gingival fluid inflammatory cytokines in periodontally healthy vegetarians versus non-vegetarians. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:1079-1090. [PMID: 34449089 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vegetarian diets are known to reduce inflammation. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that reduced inflammation associated with a vegetarian diet would promote a more commensal subgingival bacterial profile. METHODS A total of 39 periodontally healthy subjects (PD ≤3 mm, bleeding on probing <10%) were enrolled. Dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. A comprehensive periodontal examination was performed. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and subgingival plaque samples were collected. GCF samples were assessed for interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-10. Plaque samples were analyzed for bacteria using 16S rDNA sequencing on an Illumina platform. GenBank database was used for taxonomy classification. RESULTS Twenty-three subjects were categorized as vegetarian and 16 non-vegetarians. Clinical periodontal measures and GCF cytokine levels were statistically comparable between the two groups. Measures of microbial richness and alpha diversity were also comparable between the two dietary groups. Vegetarians harbored higher levels of phyla associated with gingival health (Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria). Two species known to be associated with periodontitis (Mogibacterium timidum and Veillonella rogosae) were prominent in non-vegetarians. Pearson's correlations between GCF inflammatory cytokines and microbial taxa differed between vegetarians and non-vegetarians. In vegetarians, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 positively correlated with two species known to be associated with periodontal health (Peptidiphaga sp. HMT183 and Rothia aeria). CONCLUSIONS Diet is directly and indirectly associated with the microbial composition of subgingival plaque. A vegetarian diet may promote a subgingival microbiota associated with periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Khocht
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Michael Orlich
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.,School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Bruce Paster
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Denise Bellinger
- Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Leticia Lenoir
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Crissy Irani
- Institute for Community Partnerships, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Gary Fraser
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.,School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
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8
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Salliss ME, Maarsingh JD, Garza C, Łaniewski P, Herbst-Kralovetz MM. Veillonellaceae family members uniquely alter the cervical metabolic microenvironment in a human three-dimensional epithelial model. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2021; 7:57. [PMID: 34230496 PMCID: PMC8260719 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-021-00229-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a gynecologic disorder characterized by a shift in cervicovaginal microbiota from Lactobacillus spp. dominance to a polymicrobial biofilm composed of diverse anaerobes. We utilized a well-characterized human three-dimensional cervical epithelial cell model in conjunction with untargeted metabolomics and immunoproteomics analyses to determine the immunometabolic contribution of three members of the Veillonellaceae family: Veillonella atypica, Veillonella montpellierensis and Megasphaera micronuciformis at this site. We found that Veillonella spp. infections induced significant elevation of polyamines. M. micronuciformis infections significantly increased soluble inflammatory mediators, induced moderate levels of cell cytotoxicity, and accumulation of cell membrane lipids relative to Veillonella spp. Notably, both V. atypica and V. montpellierensis infections resulted in consumption of lactate, a key metabolite linked to gynecologic and reproductive health. Collectively our approach and data provide unique insights into the specific contributions of Veillonellaceae members to the pathogenesis of BV and women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Salliss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Jason D Maarsingh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Camryn Garza
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Paweł Łaniewski
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Melissa M Herbst-Kralovetz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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9
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Abusleme L, Hoare A, Hong BY, Diaz PI. Microbial signatures of health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2021; 86:57-78. [PMID: 33690899 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The subgingival crevice harbors diverse microbial communities. Shifts in the composition of these communities occur with the development of gingivitis and periodontitis, which are considered as successive stages of periodontal health deterioration. It is not clear, however, to what extent health- and gingivitis-associated microbiota are protective, or whether these communities facilitate the successive growth of periodontitis-associated taxa. To further our understanding of the dynamics of the microbial stimuli that trigger disruptions in periodontal homeostasis, we reviewed the available literature with the aim of defining specific microbial signatures associated with different stages of periodontal dysbiosis. Although several studies have evaluated the subgingival communities present in different periodontal conditions, we found limited evidence for the direct comparison of communities in health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Therefore, we aimed to better define subgingival microbiome shifts by merging and reanalyzing, using unified bioinformatic processing strategies, publicly available 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon datasets of periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Despite inherent methodological differences across studies, distinct community structures were found for health, gingivitis, and periodontitis, demonstrating the specific associations between gingival tissue status and the subgingival microbiome. Consistent with the concept that periodontal dysbiosis is the result of a process of microbial succession without replacement, more species were detected in disease than in health. However, gingivitis-associated communities were more diverse than those from subjects with periodontitis, suggesting that certain species ultimately become dominant as dysbiosis progresses. We identified the bacterial species associated with each periodontal condition and prevalent species that do not change in abundance from one state to another (core species), and we also outlined species co-occurrence patterns via network analysis. Most periodontitis-associated species were rarely detected in health but were frequently detected, albeit in low abundance, in gingivitis, which suggests that gingivitis and periodontitis are a continuum. Overall, we provide a framework of subgingival microbiome shifts, which can be used to generate hypotheses with respect to community assembly processes and the emergence of periodontal dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreto Abusleme
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory for Craniofacial Translational Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Anilei Hoare
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bo-Young Hong
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Patricia I Diaz
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.,UB Microbiome Center, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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10
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Hoare A, Wang H, Meethil A, Abusleme L, Hong BY, Moutsopoulos NM, Marsh PD, Hajishengallis G, Diaz PI. A cross-species interaction with a symbiotic commensal enables cell-density-dependent growth and in vivo virulence of an oral pathogen. ISME JOURNAL 2020; 15:1490-1504. [PMID: 33372193 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-020-00865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies describe in detail the shifts in composition of human-associated polymicrobial communities from health to disease. However, the specific processes that drive the colonization and overgrowth of pathogens within these communities remain incompletely understood. We used in vitro culture systems and a disease-relevant mouse model to show that population size, which determines the availability of an endogenous diffusible small molecule, limits the growth, colonization, and in vivo virulence of the human oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. This bacterial pathogen overcomes the requirement for an endogenous cue by utilizing a cell-density dependent, growth-promoting, soluble molecule provided by the symbiotic early colonizer Veillonella parvula, but not produced by other commensals tested. Our work shows that exchange of cell-density-dependent diffusible cues between specific early and late colonizing species in a polymicrobial community drives microbial successions, pathogen colonization and disease development, representing a target process for manipulation of the microbiome towards the healthy state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilei Hoare
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.,Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Archana Meethil
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Loreto Abusleme
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory for Craniofacial Translational Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bo-Young Hong
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Niki M Moutsopoulos
- Oral Immunity and Inflammation Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Philip D Marsh
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Patricia I Diaz
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA. .,Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14215, USA. .,UB Microbiome Center, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14215, USA.
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11
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Hasegawa T, Takenaka S, Oda M, Domon H, Hiyoshi T, Sasagawa K, Ohsumi T, Hayashi N, Okamoto Y, Yamamoto H, Ohshima H, Terao Y, Noiri Y. Sulfated vizantin causes detachment of biofilms composed mainly of the genus Streptococcus without affecting bacterial growth and viability. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:361. [PMID: 33238885 PMCID: PMC7687742 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-02033-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulfated vizantin, a recently developed immunostimulant, has also been found to exert antibiofilm properties. It acts not as a bactericide, but as a detachment-promoting agent by reducing the biofilm structural stability. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying this activity and its species specificity using two distinct ex vivo oral biofilm models derived from human saliva. RESULTS The biofilm, composed mainly of the genus Streptococcus and containing 50 μM of sulfated vizantin, detached significantly from its basal surface with rotation at 500 rpm for only 15 s, even when 0.2% sucrose was supplied. Expression analyses for genes associated with biofilm formation and bacterial adhesion following identification of the Streptococcus species, revealed that a variety of Streptococcus species in a cariogenic biofilm showed downregulation of genes encoding glucosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of water-soluble glucan. The expression of some genes encoding surface proteins was also downregulated. Of the two quorum sensing systems involved in the genus Streptococcus, the expression of luxS in three species, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus gordonii, and Streptococcus mutans, was significantly downregulated in the presence of 50 μM sulfated vizantin. Biofilm detachment may be facilitated by the reduced structural stability due to these modulations. As a non-specific reaction, 50 μM sulfated vizantin decreased cell surface hydrophobicity by binding to the cell surface, resulting in reduced bacterial adherence. CONCLUSION Sulfated vizantin may be a candidate for a new antibiofilm strategy targeting the biofilm matrix while preserving the resident microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Hasegawa
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Shoji Takenaka
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan.
| | - Masataka Oda
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hisanori Domon
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takumi Hiyoshi
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Karin Sasagawa
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ohsumi
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuko Okamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of Hard Tissue, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Noiri
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
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12
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Luo YX, Sun ML, Shi PL, Liu P, Chen YY, Peng X. [Research progress in the relationship between Veillonella and oral diseases]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2020; 38:576-582. [PMID: 33085245 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2020.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Veillonella species, known as the early colonizer of oral biofilm, are prevalent in oral microbiota. Seven Veillonella species have been isolated from oral cavity. Their distribution varies not only with different people but also with different sites in the oral cavity. Oral Veillonella are associated with oral diseases. They contribute to the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans and consume the lactate generated by streptococci. Veillonella species play an important role in the occurrence and development of periodontal diseases by providing adhesion sites for Porphyromonas gingivalis and boosting immune responses. The production of lipopolysaccharide and H2S is related to other oral diseases, such as pulpitis, periapical periodontitis, and halitosis. Several studies have been conducted on the relationship between Veillonella and oral diseases and the interaction between Veillonella and other pathological microorganisms, but limited knowledge is available at the molecular level. This article reviews the research progress in the relationship between Veillonella and oral infectious diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xue Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Dental Basic Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Man-Lin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Dental Basic Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pei-Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Dental Basic Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Dental Basic Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi-Yin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Dental Basic Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Dental Basic Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Chengdu 610041, China
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13
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Clinical Detection of Chronic Rhinosinusitis through Next-Generation Sequencing of the Oral Microbiota. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060959. [PMID: 32604855 PMCID: PMC7356624 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the chronic inflammation of the sinus cavities of the upper respiratory tract, which can be caused by a disrupted microbiome. However, the role of the oral microbiome in CRS is not well understood. Polymicrobial and anaerobic infections of CRS frequently increased the difficulty of cultured and antibiotic therapy. This study aimed to elucidate the patterns and clinical feasibility of the oral microbiome in CRS diagnosis. Matched saliva and nasal swabs were collected from 18 CRS patients and 37 saliva specimens from normal volunteers were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. The α-diversity of the saliva displayed no significant difference between control and CRS patients, whereas the β-diversity was significantly different (p = 0.004). Taxonomic indices demonstrated that Veillonella dispar, Rothia mucilaginosa, and Porphyromonas endodontalis were enriched, while Campylobacter and Cardiobacterium were reduced in the saliva of CRS patients. These microbial markers could significantly distinguish CRS patients from control (AUC = 0.939). It is noted that the 16S rRNA results of the nasal swab were consistent with the nasopharynx aerobic culture, and additionally detected multiple pathogens in CRS patients. In summary, these results indicated these oral microbiomes may provide a novel signal for CRS detection and that NGS may be an alternative approach for CRS diagnosis.
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14
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Hajishengallis G, Diaz PI. Porphyromonas gingivalis: Immune subversion activities and role in periodontal dysbiosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 7:12-21. [PMID: 33344104 DOI: 10.1007/s40496-020-00249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review This review summarizes mechanisms by which Porphyromonas gingivalis interacts with community members and the host so that it can persist in the periodontium under inflammatory conditions that drive periodontal disease. Recent findings Recent advances indicate that, in great part, the pathogenicity of P. gingivalis is dependent upon its ability to establish residence in the subgingival environment and to subvert innate immunity in a manner that uncouples the nutritionally favorable (for the bacteria) inflammatory response from antimicrobial pathways. While the initial establishment of P. gingivalis is dependent upon interactions with early colonizing bacteria, the immune subversion strategies of P. gingivalis in turn benefit co-habiting species. Summary Specific interspecies interactions and subversion of the host response contribute to the emergence and persistence of dysbiotic communities and are thus targets of therapeutic approaches for the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patricia I Diaz
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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15
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Brown JL, Yates EA, Bielecki M, Olczak T, Smalley JW. Potential role for Streptococcus gordonii-derived hydrogen peroxide in heme acquisition by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Mol Oral Microbiol 2019; 33:322-335. [PMID: 29847019 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus gordonii, an accessory pathogen and early colonizer of plaque, co-aggregates with many oral species including Porphyromonas gingivalis. It causes α-hemolysis on blood agar, a process mediated by H2 O2 and thought to involve concomitant oxidation of hemoglobin (Hb). Porphyromonas gingivalis has a growth requirement for heme, which is acquired mainly from Hb. The paradigm for Hb heme acquisition involves the initial oxidation of oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) to methemoglobin (metHb), followed by heme release and extraction through the actions of K-gingipain protease and/or the HmuY hemophore-like protein. The ability of S. gordonii to mediate Hb oxidation may potentially aid heme capture during co-aggregation with P. gingivalis. Hemoglobin derived from zones of S. gordonii α-hemolysis was found to be metHb. Generation of metHb from oxyHb by S. gordonii cells was inhibited by catalase, and correlated with levels of cellular H2 O2 production. Generation of metHb by S. gordonii occurred through the higher Hb oxidation state of ferrylhemoglobin. Heme complexation by the P. gingivalis HmuY was employed as a measure of the ease of heme capture from metHb. HmuY was able to extract iron(III)protoporphyrin IX from metHb derived from zones of S. gordonii α-hemolysis and from metHb generated by the action of S. gordonii cells on isolated oxyHb. The rate of HmuY-Fe(III)heme complex formation from S. gordonii-mediated metHb was greater than from an equivalent concentration of auto-oxidized metHb. It is concluded that S. gordonii may potentially aid heme acquisition by P. gingivalis by facilitating metHb formation in the presence of oxyHb.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Brown
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - E A Yates
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Bielecki
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - T Olczak
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - J W Smalley
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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16
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Veillonella Catalase Protects the Growth of Fusobacterium nucleatum in Microaerophilic and Streptococcus gordonii-Resident Environments. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.01079-17. [PMID: 28778894 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01079-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral biofilm is a multispecies community in which antagonism and mutualism coexist among friends and foes to keep an ecological balance of community members. The pioneer colonizers, such as Streptococcus gordonii, produce H2O2 to inhibit the growth of competitors, like the mutans streptococci, as well as strict anaerobic middle and later colonizers of the dental biofilm. Interestingly, Veillonella species, as early colonizers, physically interact (coaggregate) with S. gordonii A putative catalase gene (catA) is found in most sequenced Veillonella species; however, the function of this gene is unknown. In this study, we characterized the ecological function of catA from Veillonella parvula PK1910 by integrating it into the only transformable strain, Veillonella atypica OK5, which is catA negative. The strain (OK5-catA) became more resistant to H2O2 Further studies demonstrated that the catA gene expression is induced by the addition of H2O2 or coculture with S. gordonii Mixed-culture experiments further revealed that the transgenic OK5-catA strain not only enhanced the growth of Fusobacterium nucleatum, a strict anaerobic periodontopathogen, under microaerophilic conditions, but it also rescued F. nucleatum from killing by S. gordonii A potential role of catalase in veillonellae in biofilm ecology and pathogenesis is discussed here.IMPORTANCEVeillonella species, as early colonizers, can coaggregate with many bacteria, including the initial colonizer Streptococcus gordonii and periodontal pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum, during various stages of oral biofilm formation. In addition to providing binding sites for many microbes, our previous study also showed that Veillonella produces nutrients for the survival and growth of periodontal pathogens. These findings indicate that Veillonella plays an important "bridging" role in the development of oral biofilms and the ecology of the human oral cavity. In this study, we demonstrated that the reducing activity of Veillonella can rescue the growth of Fusobacterium nucleatum not only under microaerophilic conditions, but also in an environment in which Streptococcus gordonii is present. Thus, this study will provide a new insight for future studies on the mechanisms of human oral biofilm formation and the control of periodontal diseases.
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Poppleton DI, Duchateau M, Hourdel V, Matondo M, Flechsler J, Klingl A, Beloin C, Gribaldo S. Outer Membrane Proteome of Veillonella parvula: A Diderm Firmicute of the Human Microbiome. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1215. [PMID: 28713344 PMCID: PMC5491611 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Veillonella parvula is a biofilm-forming commensal found in the lungs, vagina, mouth, and gastro-intestinal tract of humans, yet it may develop into an opportunistic pathogen. Furthermore, the presence of Veillonella has been associated with the development of a healthy immune system in infants. Veillonella belongs to the Negativicutes, a diverse clade of bacteria that represent an evolutionary enigma: they phylogenetically belong to Gram-positive (monoderm) Firmicutes yet maintain an outer membrane (OM) with lipopolysaccharide similar to classic Gram-negative (diderm) bacteria. The OMs of Negativicutes have unique characteristics including the replacement of Braun's lipoprotein by OmpM for tethering the OM to the peptidoglycan. Through phylogenomic analysis, we have recently provided bioinformatic annotation of the Negativicutes diderm cell envelope. We showed that it is a unique type of envelope that was present in the ancestor of present-day Firmicutes and lost multiple times independently in this phylum, giving rise to the monoderm architecture; however, little experimental data is presently available for any Negativicutes cell envelope. Here, we performed the first experimental proteomic characterization of the cell envelope of a diderm Firmicute, producing an OM proteome of V. parvula. We initially conducted a thorough bioinformatics analysis of all 1,844 predicted proteins from V. parvula DSM 2008's genome using 12 different localization prediction programs. These results were complemented by protein extraction with surface exposed (SE) protein tags and by subcellular fractionation, both of which were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The merging of proteomics and bioinformatics results allowed identification of 78 OM proteins. These include a number of receptors for TonB-dependent transport, the main component of the BAM system for OM protein biogenesis (BamA), the Lpt system component LptD, which is responsible for insertion of LPS into the OM, and several copies of the major OmpM protein. The annotation of V. parvula's OM proteome markedly extends previous inferences on the nature of the cell envelope of Negativicutes, including the experimental evidence of a BAM/TAM system for OM protein biogenesis and of a complete Lpt system for LPS transport to the OM. It also provides important information on the role of OM components in the lifestyle of Veillonella, such as a possible gene cluster for O-antigen synthesis and a large number of adhesins. Finally, many OM hypothetical proteins were identified, which are priority targets for further characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I. Poppleton
- Unité de Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles, Département de Microbiologie, Institut PasteurParis, France
| | - Magalie Duchateau
- Unité de Spectrométrie de Masse Structurale et Protéomique, Plateforme Protéomique, Départment de Biologie Structurale et Chime, Institut Pasteur, USR 2000 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueParis, France
| | - Véronique Hourdel
- Unité de Spectrométrie de Masse Structurale et Protéomique, Plateforme Protéomique, Départment de Biologie Structurale et Chime, Institut Pasteur, USR 2000 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueParis, France
| | - Mariette Matondo
- Unité de Spectrométrie de Masse Structurale et Protéomique, Plateforme Protéomique, Départment de Biologie Structurale et Chime, Institut Pasteur, USR 2000 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueParis, France
| | - Jennifer Flechsler
- Pflanzliche Entwicklungsbiologie und Elektronenmikroskopie, Department I. Botanik, Biozentrum der LMU MünchenPlanegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas Klingl
- Pflanzliche Entwicklungsbiologie und Elektronenmikroskopie, Department I. Botanik, Biozentrum der LMU MünchenPlanegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christophe Beloin
- Unité de Génétique des Biofilms, Département de Microbiologie, Institut PasteurParis, France
| | - Simonetta Gribaldo
- Unité de Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles, Département de Microbiologie, Institut PasteurParis, France
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Complete Genome Sequence of Veillonella atypica OK5, the First Transformable Strain in the Species. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/22/e00391-17. [PMID: 28572307 PMCID: PMC5454190 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00391-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Veillonella atypica strain OK5 was isolated from a human saliva sample and was the first strain shown to be genetically transformable in the Veillonella genus. Genetic studies using this strain have helped us gain much insight into the ecology of human oral biofilms. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of V. atypica OK5.
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19
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Knapp S, Brodal C, Peterson J, Qi F, Kreth J, Merritt J. Natural Competence Is Common among Clinical Isolates of Veillonella parvula and Is Useful for Genetic Manipulation of This Key Member of the Oral Microbiome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:139. [PMID: 28473967 PMCID: PMC5397411 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The six Veillonella species found in the human oral cavity are among the most abundant members of the oral flora, occurring in both supra- and subgingival dental plaque as well as on the oral mucosa. Epidemiological data have also implicated these species in the development of the most common oral diseases. Despite their ubiquity, abundance, and ecological significance, surprisingly little is known about Veillonella biology, largely due to the difficulties associated with their genetic manipulation. In an effort to improve genetic analyses of Veillonella species, we isolated a collection of veillonellae from clinical plaque samples and screened for natural competence using a newly developed transformation protocol. Numerous strains of V. parvula were found to exhibit a natural competence ability that was highly influenced by growth medium composition. By exploiting this ability, we were able to utilize cloning-independent allelic exchange mutagenesis to identify the likely source of DNA uptake machinery within a locus homologous to type II secretion systems (T2SS). Interestingly, V. parvula natural competence was found to exhibit a clear hierarchy of preference for different sources of DNA (plasmid < PCR product < genomic DNA), which is unlike most naturally competent species. Genomic comparisons with other members of the Veillonellaceae family suggest that natural competence is likely to be widely distributed within this group. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first demonstration of natural competence and targeted allelic exchange mutagenesis within the entire Veillonellaceae family and demonstrates a simple and rapid method to study Veillonella genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Knapp
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA
| | - Clint Brodal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA
| | - John Peterson
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA
| | - Fengxia Qi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Jens Kreth
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA
| | - Justin Merritt
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA.,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA
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Szafrański SP, Winkel A, Stiesch M. The use of bacteriophages to biocontrol oral biofilms. J Biotechnol 2017; 250:29-44. [PMID: 28108235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Infections induced by oral biofilms include caries, as well as periodontal, and peri-implant disease, and may influence quality of life, systemic health, and expenditure. As bacterial biofilms are highly resistant and resilient to conventional antibacterial therapy, it has been difficult to combat these infections. An innovative alternative to the biocontrol of oral biofilms could be to use bacteriophages or phages, the viruses of bacteria, which are specific, non-toxic, self-proliferating, and can penetrate into biofilms. Phages for Actinomyces naeslundii, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Lactobacillus spp., Neisseria spp., Streptococcus spp., and Veillonella spp. have been isolated and characterised. Recombinant phage enzymes (lysins) have been shown to lyse A. naeslundii and Streptococcus spp. However, only a tiny fraction of available phages and their lysins have been explored so far. The unique properties of phages and their lysins make them promising but challenging antimicrobials. The genetics and biology of phages have to be further explored in order to determine the most effective way of applying them. Studying the effect of phages and lysins on multispecies biofilms should pave the way for microbiota engineering and microbiota-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon P Szafrański
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Stadtfelddamm 34, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Andreas Winkel
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Stadtfelddamm 34, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Meike Stiesch
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Stadtfelddamm 34, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
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