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Yin M, Kuang W, Wang Q, Wang X, Yuan C, Lin Z, Zhang H, Deng F, Jiang H, Gong P, Zou Z, Hu Z, Wang M. Dual roles and evolutionary implications of P26/poxin in antagonizing intracellular cGAS-STING and extracellular melanization immunity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6934. [PMID: 36376305 PMCID: PMC9663721 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34761-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
P26, a homolog of the viral-encoded nuclease poxin that neutralizes the cGAS-STING innate immunity, is widely distributed in various invertebrate viruses, lepidopteran insects, and parasitoid wasps. P26/poxin from certain insect viruses also retains protease activity, though its biological role remains unknown. Given that many P26s contain a signal peptide, it is surmised that P26 may possess certain extracellular functions. Here, we report that a secretory baculoviral P26 suppresses melanization, a prominent insect innate immunity against pathogen invasion. P26 targets the cofactor of a prophenoloxidase-activating protease, and its inhibitory function is independent of nuclease activity. The analysis of P26/poxin homologs from different origins suggests that the ability to inhibit the extracellular melanization pathway is limited to P26s with a signal peptide and not shared by the homologs without it. These findings highlight the independent evolution of a single viral suppressor to perform dual roles in modulating immunity during virus-host adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Yin
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhua Kuang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianran Wang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Wang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuanfei Yuan
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Lin
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huanyu Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Deng
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Haobo Jiang
- grid.65519.3e0000 0001 0721 7331Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK USA
| | - Peng Gong
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Zou
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Hu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Manli Wang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Ardisson-Araújo DMP, Pereira BT, Melo FL, Ribeiro BM, Báo SN, de A Zanotto PM, Moscardi F, Kitajima EW, Sosa-Gomez DR, Wolff JLC. A betabaculovirus encoding a gp64 homolog. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:94. [PMID: 26847652 PMCID: PMC4741009 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2408-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A betabaculovirus (DisaGV) was isolated from Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), one of the most important insect pests of the sugarcane and other monocot cultures in Brazil. Results The complete genome sequence of DisaGV was determined using the 454-pyrosequencing method. The genome was 98,392 bp long, which makes it the smallest lepidopteran-infecting baculovirus sequenced to date. It had a G + C content of 29.7 % encoding 125 putative open reading frames (ORF). All the 37 baculovirus core genes and a set of 19 betabaculovirus-specific genes were found. A group of 13 putative genes was not found in any other baculovirus genome sequenced so far. A phylogenetic analysis indicated that DisaGV is a member of Betabaculovirus genus and that it is a sister group to a cluster formed by ChocGV, ErelGV, PiraGV isolates, ClanGV, CaLGV, CpGV, CrleGV, AdorGV, PhopGV and EpapGV. Surprisingly, we found in the DisaGV genome a G protein-coupled receptor related to lepidopteran and other insect virus genes and a gp64 homolog, which is likely a product of horizontal gene transfer from Group 1 alphabaculoviruses. Conclusion DisaGV represents a distinct lineage of the genus Betabaculovirus. It is closely related to the CpGV-related group and presents the smallest genome in size so far. Remarkably, we found a homolog of gp64, which was reported solely in group 1 alphabaculovirus genomes so far. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2408-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M P Ardisson-Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Bruna T Pereira
- Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fernando L Melo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Bergmann M Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Sônia N Báo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Paolo M de A Zanotto
- Laboratório de Evolução Molecular e Bioinformática (LEMB-ICB), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flávio Moscardi
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Soja, Londrina, Paraná PR, Brazil
| | - Elliot W Kitajima
- NAP/MEPA, Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, ESALQ, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Daniel R Sosa-Gomez
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Soja, Londrina, Paraná PR, Brazil.
| | - José L C Wolff
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Virologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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A Betabaculovirus-Encoded gp64 Homolog Codes for a Functional Envelope Fusion Protein. J Virol 2015; 90:1668-72. [PMID: 26537678 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02491-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The GP64 envelope fusion protein is a hallmark of group I alphabaculoviruses. However, the Diatraea saccharalis granulovirus genome sequence revealed the first betabaculovirus species harboring a gp64 homolog (disa118). In this work, we have shown that this homolog encodes a functional envelope fusion protein and could enable the infection and fusogenic abilities of a gp64-null prototype baculovirus. Therefore, GP64 may complement or may be in the process of replacing F protein activity in this virus lineage.
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The FP25K Acts as a Negative Factor for the Infectivity of AcMNPV Budded Virus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128471. [PMID: 26020780 PMCID: PMC4447387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses generally produce two progeny phenotypes—the budded virus (BV) and the occlusion-derived virus (ODV)—and the intricate mechanisms that regulate the temporal synthesis of the two phenotypes are critical for the virus replication cycle, which are far from being clearly understood. FP25K was reported to be responsible for the regulation of BV/ODV, and the mutations within result in a decrease of normal ODVs formation and an increase of BVs production. In this study, we demonstrated that the increase of BV titer in an fp25k knockout recombinant (fp25k-negative) was a result of higher infectivity of BVs rather than an increased production of BVs. The constitution of the major structural proteins and genome of parental and fp25k-negative BVs were analyzed. The results showed that the integrity of the majority of DNA packaged into the fp25k-negative BVs was intact; i.e., the genomic DNA of fp25k-negative BV had better transformation and transfection efficiency than that of the parental virus, indicating more intact genomes in the virions. Although the analysis of proteins associated with BVs revealed that more envelope protein GP64 were incorporated into the fp25k-negative BVs, subsequent experiments suggested that overexpression of GP64 did not improve the titer of BVs. Thus, we conclude that the main reason for higher infectivity of BVs is due to better genome integrity, which benefits from the deletion of fp25k resulting in increased stability of the genome and produce a higher proportion of infectious BVs. FP25K acts as a negative factor for the infectivity of BV.
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History and current status of development and use of viral insecticides in China. Viruses 2015; 7:306-19. [PMID: 25609304 PMCID: PMC4306840 DOI: 10.3390/v7010306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of insect viruses as biological control agents started in the early 1960s in China. To date, more than 32 viruses have been used to control insect pests in agriculture, forestry, pastures, and domestic gardens in China. In 2014, 57 products from 11 viruses were authorized as commercial viral insecticides by the Ministry of Agriculture of China. Approximately 1600 tons of viral insecticidal formulations have been produced annually in recent years, accounting for about 0.2% of the total insecticide output of China. The development and use of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus, Mamestra brassicae nucleopolyhedrovirus, Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus, and Periplaneta fuliginosa densovirus are discussed as case studies. Additionally, some baculoviruses have been genetically modified to improve their killing rate, infectivity, and ultraviolet resistance. In this context, the biosafety assessment of a genetically modified Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus is discussed.
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Unraveling the entry mechanism of baculoviruses and its evolutionary implications. J Virol 2013; 88:2301-11. [PMID: 24335309 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03204-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The entry of baculovirus budded virus into host cells is mediated by two distinct types of envelope fusion proteins (EFPs), GP64 and F protein. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that F proteins were ancestral baculovirus EFPs, whereas GP64 was acquired by progenitor group I alphabaculovirus more recently and may have stimulated the formation of the group I lineage. This study was designed to experimentally recapitulate a possible major step in the evolution of baculoviruses. We demonstrated that the infectivity of an F-null group II alphabaculovirus (Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus [HearNPV]) can be functionally rescued by coinsertion of GP64 along with the nonfusogenic F(def) (furin site mutated HaF) from HearNPV. Interestingly, HearNPV enters cells by endocytosis and, less efficiently, by direct membrane fusion at low pH. However, this recombinant HearNPV coexpressing F(def) and GP64 mimicked group I virus not only in its EFP composition but also in its abilities to enter host cells via low-pH-triggered direct fusion pathway. Neutralization assays indicated that the nonfusogenic F proteins contribute mainly to binding to susceptible cells, while GP64 contributes to fusion. Coinsertion of GP64 with an F-like protein (Ac23) from group I virus led to efficient rescue of an F-null group II virus. In summary, these recombinant viruses and their entry modes are considered to resemble an evolutionary event of the acquisition of GP64 by an ancestral group I virus and subsequent adaptive inactivation of the original F protein. The study described here provides the first experimental evidence to support the hypothesis of the evolution of baculovirus EFPs.
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