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Stepanenko AA, Sosnovtseva AO, Valikhov MP, Chernysheva AA, Cherepanov SA, Yusubalieva GM, Ruzsics Z, Lipatova AV, Chekhonin VP. Superior infectivity of the fiber chimeric oncolytic adenoviruses Ad5/35 and Ad5/3 over Ad5-delta-24-RGD in primary glioma cultures. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:230-248. [PMID: 35071746 PMCID: PMC8761956 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ad5-delta-24-RGD is currently the most clinically advanced recombinant adenovirus (rAd) for glioma therapy. We constructed a panel of fiber-modified rAds (Ad5RGD, Ad5/3, Ad5/35, Ad5/3RGD, and Ad5/35RGD, all harboring the delta-24 modification) and compared their infectivity, replication, reproduction, and cytolytic efficacy in human and rodent glioma cell lines and short-term cultures from primary gliomas. In human cells, both Ad5/35-delta-24 and Ad5/3-delta-24 displayed superior infectivity and cytolytic efficacy over Ad5-delta-24-RGD, while Ad5/3-delta-24-RGD and Ad5/35-delta-24-RGD did not show further improvements in efficacy. The expression of the adenoviral receptors/coreceptors CAR, DSG2, and CD46 and the integrins αVβ3/αVβ5 did not predict the relative cytolytic efficacy of the fiber-modified rAds. The cytotoxicity of the fiber-modified rAds in human primary normal cultures of different origins and in primary glioma cultures was comparable, indicating that the delta-24 modification did not confer tumor cell selectivity. We also revealed that CT-2A and GL261 glioma cells might be used as murine cell models for the fiber chimeric rAds in vitro and in vivo. In GL261 tumor-bearing mice, Ad5/35-delta-24, armed with the immune costimulator OX40L as the E2A/DBP-p2A-mOX40L fusion, produced long-term survivors, which were able to reject tumor cells upon rechallenge. Our data underscore the potential of local Ad5/35-delta-24-based immunovirotherapy for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei A. Stepanenko
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ostrovitianov Str. 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Corresponding author Aleksei A. Stepanenko, Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Anastasiia O. Sosnovtseva
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marat P. Valikhov
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ostrovitianov Str. 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Chernysheva
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Cherepanov
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gaukhar M. Yusubalieva
- Federal Research and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zsolt Ruzsics
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anastasiia V. Lipatova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir P. Chekhonin
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ostrovitianov Str. 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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A new insight into aggregation of oncolytic adenovirus Ad5-delta-24-RGD during CsCl gradient ultracentrifugation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16088. [PMID: 34373477 PMCID: PMC8352973 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-cycle cesium chloride (2 × CsCl) gradient ultracentrifugation is a conventional approach for purifying recombinant adenoviruses (rAds) for research purposes (gene therapy, vaccines, and oncolytic vectors). However, rAds containing the RGD-4C peptide in the HI loop of the fiber knob domain tend to aggregate during 2 × CsCl gradient ultracentrifugation resulting in a low infectious titer yield or even purification failure. An iodixanol-based purification method preventing aggregation of the RGD4C-modified rAds has been proposed. However, the reason explaining aggregation of the RGD4C-modified rAds during 2 × CsCl but not iodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation has not been revealed. In the present study, we showed that rAds with the RGD-4C peptide in the HI loop but not at the C-terminus of the fiber knob domain were prone to aggregate during 2 × CsCl but not iodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation. The cysteine residues with free thiol groups after the RGD motif within the inserted RGD-4C peptide were responsible for formation of the interparticle disulfide bonds under atmospheric oxygen and aggregation of Ad5-delta-24-RGD4C-based rAds during 2 × CsCl gradient ultracentrifugation, which could be prevented using iodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation, most likely due to antioxidant properties of iodixanol. A cysteine-to-glycine substitution of the cysteine residues with free thiol groups (RGD-2C2G) prevented aggregation during 2 × CsCl gradient purification but in coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR)-low/negative cancer cell lines of human and rodent origin, this reduced cytolytic efficacy to the levels observed for a fiber non-modified control vector. However, both Ad5-delta-24-RGD4C and Ad5-delta-24-RGD2C2G were equally effective in the murine immunocompetent CT-2A glioma model due to a primary role of antitumor immune responses in the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy.
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Niittykoski M, von Und Zu Fraunberg M, Martikainen M, Rauramaa T, Immonen A, Koponen S, Leinonen V, Vähä-Koskela M, Zhang Q, Kühnel F, Mei YF, Ylä-Herttuala S, Jääskeläinen JE, Hinkkanen A. Immunohistochemical Characterization and Sensitivity to Human Adenovirus Serotypes 3, 5, and 11p of New Cell Lines Derived from Human Diffuse Grade II to IV Gliomas. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:772-779. [PMID: 28797937 PMCID: PMC5610111 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncolytic adenoviruses show promise in targeting gliomas because they do not replicate in normal brain cells. However, clinical responses occur only in a subset of patients. One explanation could be the heterogenic expression level of virus receptors. Another contributing factor could be variable activity of tumor antiviral defenses in different glioma subtypes. METHODS We established a collection of primary low-passage cell lines from different glioma subtypes (3 glioblastomas, 3 oligoastrocytomas, and 2 oligodendrogliomas) and assessed them for receptor expression and sensitivity to human adenovirus (HAd) serotypes 3, 5, and 11p. To gauge the impact of antiviral defenses, we also compared the infectivity of the oncolytic adenoviruses in interferon (IFN)-pretreated cells with IFN-sensitive Semliki Forest virus (SFV). RESULTS Immunostaining revealed generally low expression of HAd5 receptor CAR in both primary tumors and derived cell lines. HAd11p receptor CD46 levels were maintained at moderate levels in both primary tumor samples and derived cell lines. HAd3 receptor DSG-2 was reduced in the cell lines compared to the tumors. Yet, at equal multiplicities of infection, the oncolytic potency of HAd5 in vitro in tumor-derived cells was comparable to HAd11p, whereas HAd3 lysed fewer cells than either of the other two HAd serotypes in 72 hours. IFN blocked replication of SFV, while HAds were rather unaffected. CONCLUSIONS Adenovirus receptor levels on glioma-derived cell lines did not correlate with infection efficacy and may not be a relevant indicator of clinical oncolytic potency. Adenovirus receptor analysis should be preferentially performed on biopsies obtained perioperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Niittykoski
- Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Mikael von Und Zu Fraunberg
- NeuroCenter of Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Miika Martikainen
- Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Tuomas Rauramaa
- Pathology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Arto Immonen
- NeuroCenter of Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | | | - Ville Leinonen
- NeuroCenter of Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Markus Vähä-Koskela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Qiwei Zhang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Florian Kühnel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Ya-Fang Mei
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Juha E Jääskeläinen
- NeuroCenter of Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Ari Hinkkanen
- Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
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Abstract
This review describes glioma-specific antigens important in immunotherapy of glioma tumors. The structure and function of these antigens and recent immunotherapy data are summarized. Also, some important aspects of tumor formation are outlined. The roles of neuronal precursor cells and tumor stroma cells are discussed. The stroma cells of the tumor may be of interest as a target for tumor therapy, especially since they are less heterogeneous than the tumor cells. To date, the clinical benefit of immunotherapy has been very limited. Immunotherapy is, however, still an extremely promising approach to tumor therapy and it will most likely be implemented as a future treatment option for many types of tumors. The current shortcomings of immunotherapy will probably diminish as we start to understand and are able to modulate tumor-induced immunosuppression. There is also a need for a continued search for new tumor-specific antigens and to optimize protocols for vaccine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Skog
- Umea University, Department of Virology, SE-901 85, Umea, Sweden.
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Skog J, Edlund K, Bergenheim AT, Wadell G. Adenoviruses 16 and CV23 efficiently transduce human low-passage brain tumor and cancer stem cells. Mol Ther 2007; 15:2140-5. [PMID: 17878898 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mt.6300315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Most clinical protocols involving adenovirus (Ad) vectors for gene therapy use a vector based on serotype 5 (Ad5). We believe that this serotype is not suitable for all gene therapy applications and that alternative vectors based on other serotypes should be developed. We have compared the ability of Ad5, Ad11p, Ad16p, and a chimpanzee Ad (CV23) to infect human low-passage brain tumor cells as well as primary glioma cells sorted into a CD133(+) and CD133(-) population. Cancer stem cells have been shown to reside in the CD133(+) population of cells in human glioma tumors and they are of considerable interest in glioma therapy. Ad16p and CV23 infected the low-passage brain tumor cell lines and also the CD133(+) and CD133(-) primary tumor cells most efficiently. Interestingly, as the passage number of the cells increased, the infection capacity of Ad5 increased significantly, whereas this was not seen for CV23. To ensure the therapeutic effect of Ad vectors on brain tumors, the vector must be capable of addressing both the CD133(+) cancer stem cells and the CD133(-) cells of the tumor. In particular, Ad16 and CV23 are meeting this challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Skog
- Department of Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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Brouwer E, Havenga MJ, Ophorst O, de Leeuw B, Gijsbers L, Gillissen G, Hoeben RC, ter Horst M, Nanda D, Dirven C, Avezaat CJ, Goudsmit J, Sillevis Smitt P. Human adenovirus type 35 vector for gene therapy of brain cancer: improved transduction and bypass of pre-existing anti-vector immunity in cancer patients. Cancer Gene Ther 2006; 14:211-9. [PMID: 17082793 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7701010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Clinical trials in malignant glioma have demonstrated excellent safety of recombinant adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) but lack of convincing efficacy. The overall low expression levels of the Coxsackie and Adenovirus receptor and the presence of high anti-Ad5-neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers in the human population are considered detrimental for consistency of clinical results. To identify an adenoviral vector better suited to infect primary glioma cells, we tested a library of fiber-chimeric Ad5-based adenoviral vectors on 12 fresh human glioma cell suspensions. Significantly improved marker gene expression was obtained with several Ad5-chimeric vectors, predominantly vectors carrying fiber molecules derived from B-group viruses (Ad11, Ad16, Ad35 and Ad50). We next tested Ad35 sero prevalence in sera derived from 90 Dutch cancer patients including 30 glioma patients and investigated the transduction efficiency of this vector in glioma cell suspensions. Our results demonstrate that the sero prevalence and the titers of NAb against Ad35 are significantly lower than against Ad5. Also, recombinant Ad35 has significantly increased ability to transfer a gene to primary glioma cells compared to Ad5. We thus conclude that Ad35 represents an interesting candidate vector for gene therapy of malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Brouwer
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Candolfi M, Curtin JF, Xiong WD, Kroeger KM, Liu C, Rentsendorj A, Agadjanian H, Medina-Kauwe L, Palmer D, Ng P, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Effective high-capacity gutless adenoviral vectors mediate transgene expression in human glioma cells. Mol Ther 2006; 14:371-81. [PMID: 16798098 PMCID: PMC1629029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2006.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2006] [Revised: 05/03/2006] [Accepted: 05/06/2006] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common subtype of primary malignant brain tumor. Although serotype 5 adenoviral vectors (Ads) have been used successfully in clinical trials for GBM, the capacity of Ads to infect human glioma cells and the expression of adenoviral receptors in GBM cells have been challenged. In this report, we studied the expression of three molecules that have been shown to mediate adenoviral entry into cells, i.e., coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), integrin alphavbeta3 (INT), and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI), in rodent glioma cell lines and low-passage primary cultures and cell lines from human GBM. We correlated levels of expression of CAR, INT, and MHCI with transduction efficiency elicited by several high-capacity helper-dependent adenoviral vectors (HC-Ads). Expression levels of adenoviral receptors were variable among the different GBM cells studied. HC-Ad-mediated therapeutic gene expression was efficient, ranging between 20 and 80% of the total target cells expressing the encoded transgenes. Our results show no correlation between the levels of CAR, INT, or MHCI molecules and the levels of transgene expression or the number of GBM cells transduced. We conclude that expression levels of adenoviral receptors do not predict their transduction efficiency or biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianela Candolfi
- Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Davis Building, Room 5090, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - James F. Curtin
- Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Davis Building, Room 5090, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Wei-Dong Xiong
- Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Davis Building, Room 5090, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Kurt M. Kroeger
- Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Davis Building, Room 5090, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Davis Building, Room 5090, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Altan Rentsendorj
- Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Davis Building, Room 5090, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Hasmik Agadjanian
- Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Davis Building, Room 5090, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Lali Medina-Kauwe
- Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Davis Building, Room 5090, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Donna Palmer
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Philip Ng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Davis Building, Room 5090, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Davis Building, Room 5090, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- *To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed. Fax: +1 310 423 7308. E-mail:
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Young LS, Searle PF, Onion D, Mautner V. Viral gene therapy strategies: from basic science to clinical application. J Pathol 2006; 208:299-318. [PMID: 16362990 DOI: 10.1002/path.1896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A major impediment to the successful application of gene therapy for the treatment of a range of diseases is not a paucity of therapeutic genes, but the lack of an efficient non-toxic gene delivery system. Having evolved to deliver their genes to target cells, viruses are currently the most effective means of gene delivery and can be manipulated to express therapeutic genes or to replicate specifically in certain cells. Gene therapy is being developed for a range of diseases including inherited monogenic disorders and cardiovascular disease, but it is in the treatment of cancer that this approach has been most evident, resulting in the recent licensing of a gene therapy for the routine treatment of head and neck cancer in China. A variety of virus vectors have been employed to deliver genes to cells to provide either transient (eg adenovirus, vaccinia virus) or permanent (eg retrovirus, adeno-associated virus) transgene expression and each approach has its own advantages and disadvantages. Paramount is the safety of these virus vectors and a greater understanding of the virus-host interaction is key to optimizing the use of these vectors for routine clinical use. Recent developments in the modification of the virus coat allow more targeted approaches and herald the advent of systemic delivery of therapeutic viruses. In the context of cancer, the ability of attenuated viruses to replicate specifically in tumour cells has already yielded some impressive results in clinical trials and bodes well for the future of this approach, particularly when combined with more traditional anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence S Young
- Cancer Research UK Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham Medical School, UK.
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Sonabend AM, Ulasov IV, Lesniak MS. Conditionally replicative adenoviral vectors for malignant glioma. Rev Med Virol 2006; 16:99-115. [PMID: 16416455 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas constitute an important challenge to modern medicine, and although great effort has been made to prolong patient survival, the prognosis for this disease remains poor. Due to recent discoveries in the molecular basis of gliomas, gene therapy is becoming a promising alternative. In this review, we discuss the use of conditionally replicative adenoviral vectors (CRAd) and their applications in neuro-oncology. Such vectors, when rendered conditionally replicative via transductional and transcriptional modifications, offer great promise for patients with malignant brain tumours. We review data from preclinical and clinical studies utilising such vectors and discuss the limitations and future perspectives of CRAd oncolytic therapy for malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Sonabend
- Division of Neurosurgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Ghosh S, Duigou GJ. Decreased Replication Ability of E1-Deleted Adenoviruses Correlates with Increased Brain Tumor Malignancy. Cancer Res 2005; 65:8936-43. [PMID: 16204066 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-0581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
E1 region replacement adenoviruses are replication defective and are propagated in cells providing adenovirus E1A and E1B proteins. Although they are being developed for antitumor therapies, the proliferative behaviors of these viruses in normal brain tissues or in brain tumors are unknown. To address this, freshly cultured cells from normal human brain and common brain tumors (astrocytomas and meningiomas) were infected using wild-type species C adenoviruses and adenoviruses missing E1A (H5dl312) or E1A plus E1B (H5dl434). Viral DNA replication, late viral protein expression, and production of infectious progeny were characterized. Wild-type adenoviruses grew efficiently in normal brain and brain tumor cells. In comparison, E1-deleted adenovirus DNA replication was delayed and lower in cells derived from normal brain tissues, meningiomas, and low-grade astrocytomas. However, in contrast, E1-deleted adenovirus DNA replication did not occur or was extremely low in cells derived from malignancy grade III and IV astrocytic tumors. Because wild-type adenoviruses infected and replicated in all cells, the malignancy grade-based differential E1-deleted adenovirus DNA replication was not explained by differential virus uptake. Infectious H5dl312 and H5dl434 production correlated with viral DNA replication. Compared with a 5-day average for wild-type infections, advanced cytopathology was noted approximately 4 weeks after H5dl312 or H5dl434 infection of meningioma, astrocytoma, and normal brain cells. Cytopathology was not observed after H5dl312 or H5dl434 infection of glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, and gliosarcoma cells. Because of this tumor grade-based differential growth, the E1-deleted adenoviruses may represent novel tools for studies of brain tumor malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Ghosh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
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