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Martemyanov VV, Akhanaev YB, Belousova IA, Pavlusin SV, Yakimova ME, Kharlamova DD, Ageev AA, Golovina AN, Astapenko SA, Kolosov AV, Ananko GG, Taranov OS, Shvalov AN, Bodnev SA, Ershov NI, Grushevaya IV, Timofeyev MA, Tokarev YS. A New Cypovirus-1 Strain as a Promising Agent for Lepidopteran Pest Control. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0385522. [PMID: 37154690 PMCID: PMC10269911 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03855-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Now more than ever researchers provide more and more evidence that it is necessary to develop an ecologically friendly approach to pest control. This is reflected in a sharp increase in the value of the biological insecticide market in recent decades. In our study, we found a virus strain belonging to the genus Cypovirus (Reoviridae); the strain was isolated from Dendrolimus sibiricus, possessing attractive features as a candidate for mass production of biological agents for lepidopteran-pest control. We describe the morphological, molecular, and ecological features of the new Cypovirus strain. This strain was found to be highly virulent to D. sibiricus (the half-lethal dose is 25 occlusion bodies per second-instar larva) and to have a relatively wide host range (infecting representatives of five families of Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Sphingidae, Pieridae, Noctuidae, and Lasiocampidae). The virus strain showed a strong interaction with a nontoxic adjuvant (optical brightener), which decreased the lethal dose for both main and alternative hosts, decreased lethal time, and may expand the host range. Moreover, we demonstrated that the insecticidal features were preserved after passaging through the most economically suitable host. By providing strong arguments for the possible use of this strain in pest control, we call on virologists, pest control specialists, and molecular biologists to give more attention to the Cypovirus genus, which may lead to new insights in the field of pest control research and may provide significant advantages to compare with baculoviruses and Bacillus thuringiensis products which are nowadays main source of bioinsecticides. IMPORTANCE In this article, we describe a newly discovered cypovirus strain that displays features ideally suited for the development of a modern biological insecticide: high potency, relatively broad host range, true regulating effect, flexible production (possibility to choose host species for production), interaction with enhancing adjuvants, and ecologically friendly. Based on an alignment of CPV genomes, we suggest that the enhanced host range of this new strain is the sequence of evolutionary events that occurred after coinfections involving different CPV species within the same host. These findings suggest that we need to positively reconsider CPVs as prospective agents as biocontrol products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav V. Martemyanov
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Yuriy B. Akhanaev
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Irina A. Belousova
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Pavlusin
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maria E. Yakimova
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Information Biology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Daria D. Kharlamova
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Ageev
- Center of Forest Pyrology, Development of Forest Ecosystem Conservation, Forest Protection and Regeneration Technologies, branch of All-Russia Research Institute of Silviculture and Mechanization of Forestry, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Anna N. Golovina
- Center of Forest Pyrology, Development of Forest Ecosystem Conservation, Forest Protection and Regeneration Technologies, branch of All-Russia Research Institute of Silviculture and Mechanization of Forestry, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Astapenko
- Center of Forest Pyrology, Development of Forest Ecosystem Conservation, Forest Protection and Regeneration Technologies, branch of All-Russia Research Institute of Silviculture and Mechanization of Forestry, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Kolosov
- FBRI State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - Grigory G. Ananko
- FBRI State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - Oleg S. Taranov
- FBRI State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Shvalov
- FBRI State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Bodnev
- FBRI State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | | | - Inna V. Grushevaya
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin – St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Yuri S. Tokarev
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin – St. Petersburg, Russia
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Transcriptomics Reveal Several Novel Viruses from Canegrubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Central Queensland, Australia. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030649. [PMID: 35337056 PMCID: PMC8949096 DOI: 10.3390/v14030649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Canegrubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) are major pests of sugarcane crops in Australia, but despite long-term and intensive research, no commercially viable biological control agents have been identified. We used the RNA-Seq approach to explore the viriomes of three different species of canegrubs from central Queensland, Australia to identify potential candidates for biological control. We identified six novel RNA viruses, characterized their genomes, and inferred their evolutionary relationships with other closely related viruses. These novel viruses showed similarity to other known members from picornaviruses, benyviruses, sobemoviruses, totiviruses, and reoviruses. The abundance of viral reads varied in these libraries; for example, Dermolepida albohirtum picorna-like virus (9696 nt) was built from 83,894 assembled reads while only 1350 reads mapped to Lepidiota negatoria beny-like virus (6371 nt). Future studies are essential to determine their natural incidence in different life stages of the host, biodiversity, geographical distributions, and potential as biological control agents for these important pests of sugarcane.
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Zhang Z, Li N, Hou C, Gao K, Tang X, Guo X. Analysis of reassortant and intragenic recombination in Cypovirus. Virol J 2020; 17:48. [PMID: 32248835 PMCID: PMC7132967 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01321-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cypoviruses (CPVs) are RNA viruses with segmented double-stranded genome and major pathogens of various insects, including economic insects like silkworms and pest insects for agricultural crops and forests. Genome reassortment and recombination are common phenomenon for viruses as a mechanism to expand host range and increase virulence. In the present study, we analyzed the reassortant and recombination events for CPVs. The results showed that two genome segments (S1 and S4) of BmCPV1-YN shared higher nucleotide identity with the corresponding segment of BmCPV1-I while others were all more closely to BmCPV1-SZ, suggesting BmCPV1-YN was originated from reassortant events between BmCPV1-I and BmCPV1-SZ. Recombination analyses revealed that S6 of BmCPV1-YN was a recombinant segment derived from BmCPV1-I and BmCPV1-SZ, and S10 of DpCPV1 was a recombinant segment emerged from BmCPV1-I and LdCPV1. Our findings provide the evidence for the fact that CPVs could undergo reassortant and recombinant events and enrich the knowledge about etiology and molecular epidemiology of CPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China.,Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shan Dong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Chengxiang Hou
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China.,Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Gao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China.,Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xudong Tang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China.,Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xijie Guo
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China. .,Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China.
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4
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Isolation and genomic characterization of a cypovirus from the oleander hawk moth, Daphnis nerii. J Invertebr Pathol 2019; 163:43-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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Horta AB, Ardisson-Araujo DMP, da Silva LA, de Melo FL, da Silva Morgado F, Franco Lemos MV, Ribeiro ZA, Boiça AL, Wilcken CF, Ribeiro BM. Genomic analysis of a cypovirus isolated from the eucalyptus brown looper, Thyrinteina arnobia (Stoll, 1782) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Virus Res 2018; 253:62-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Guo R, Cao G, Xue R, Kumar D, Chen F, Liu W, Jiang Y, Lu Y, Zhu L, Liang Z, Kuang S, Hu X, Gong C. Exogenous gene can be expressed by a recombinant Bombyx mori cypovirus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:1367-1379. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8667-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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7
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In search of pathogens: transcriptome-based identification of viral sequences from the pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa). Viruses 2015; 7:456-79. [PMID: 25626148 PMCID: PMC4353898 DOI: 10.3390/v7020456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thaumetopoea pityocampa (pine processionary moth) is one of the most important pine pests in the forests of Mediterranean countries, Central Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Apart from causing significant damage to pinewoods, T. pityocampa occurrence is also an issue for public and animal health, as it is responsible for dermatological reactions in humans and animals by contact with its irritating hairs. High throughput sequencing technologies have allowed the fast and cost-effective generation of genetic information of interest to understand different biological aspects of non-model organisms as well as the identification of potential pathogens. Using these technologies, we have obtained and characterized the transcriptome of T. pityocampa larvae collected in 12 different geographical locations in Turkey. cDNA libraries for Illumina sequencing were prepared from four larval tissues, head, gut, fat body and integument. By pooling the sequences from Illumina platform with those previously published using the Roche 454-FLX and Sanger methods we generated the largest reference transcriptome of T. pityocampa. In addition, this study has also allowed identification of possible viral pathogens with potential application in future biocontrol strategies.
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8
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Hermanns K, Zirkel F, Kurth A, Drosten C, Junglen S. Cimodo virus belongs to a novel lineage of reoviruses isolated from African mosquitoes. J Gen Virol 2014; 95:905-909. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.062349-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel reovirus, designated Cimodo virus (CMDV), was isolated from mosquitoes collected in a rainforest region in Côte d’Ivoire. The entire genome comprised 24 835 bp divided into 12 segments ranging from 585 to 4080 bp. The icosahedral non-enveloped virions were 80 nm in diameter. Eight major viral proteins of about 150, 135, 120, 80, 66, 59, 42 and 30 kDa were identified and seven proteins were mapped to the corresponding genome segments by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Predicted protein genes diverged by >77 % encoded amino acids from their closest reovirus relatives. The deep phylogenetic branching suggests that CMDV defines an as-yet-unidentified genus within the subfamily Spinareovirinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra Hermanns
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - Florian Zirkel
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Kurth
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Drosten
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Junglen
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
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9
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Marzban R, He Q, Zhang Q, Liu XX. Histopathology of cotton bollworm midgut infected with Helicoverpa armigera cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus. Braz J Microbiol 2014; 44:1231-6. [PMID: 24688516 PMCID: PMC3958192 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000400029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was carried out to examine cytopathological effects of Helicoverpa armigera Cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (HaCPV) on infected midgut cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) using transmission and scanning electron microscope. The symptoms on infected host larvae of the host, compared with healthy ones, were getting swollen with milky-white and fragile Histopathological examinations showed infection with HaCPV small polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIB) after 1 or 2 days which were observed in columnar cells of midgut. Virions were partially or completely occupied in a polyhedral matrix to form polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIB) at periphery of virogenic stroma. PIBs were measured 0.5 to 3.5 μm and virions about 46 nm in diameter. Microvilli of infected columnar cells were affected and degenerated immediately prior to rupture of the cell. Some infected columnar cells ruptured to release PIB into the gut lumen 3 days after infection. In addition, PIB were found in goblet cells, 5 or 6 days after infection. Infected goblet cells degenerate to such an extent that only a few of the original microvillus-like cytoplasmic projections and cell organells were left. These cytopathic effects caused in the midgut by HaCPV on cotton bollworm larvae are essentially similar to those have been reported for lepidoperan and dipteran infection by CPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Marzban
- Department of Biological Control, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran. ; Department of Entomology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Entomology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- Department of Entomology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Xia Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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10
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Yang J, Cheng Z, Zhang S, Xiong W, Xia H, Qiu Y, Wang Z, Wu F, Qin CF, Yin L, Hu Y, Zhou X. A cypovirus VP5 displays the RNA chaperone-like activity that destabilizes RNA helices and accelerates strand annealing. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 42:2538-54. [PMID: 24319147 PMCID: PMC3936753 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses in the family Reoviridae, their inner capsids function as the machinery for viral RNA (vRNA) replication. Unlike other multishelled reoviruses, cypovirus has a single-layered capsid, thereby representing a simplified model for studying vRNA replication of reoviruses. VP5 is one of the three major cypovirus capsid proteins and functions as a clamp protein to stabilize cypovirus capsid. Here, we expressed VP5 from type 5 Helicoverpa armigera cypovirus (HaCPV-5) in a eukaryotic system and determined that this VP5 possesses RNA chaperone-like activity, which destabilizes RNA helices and accelerates strand annealing independent of ATP. Our further characterization of VP5 revealed that its helix-destabilizing activity is RNA specific, lacks directionality and could be inhibited by divalent ions, such as Mg(2+), Mn(2+), Ca(2+) or Zn(2+), to varying degrees. Furthermore, we found that HaCPV-5 VP5 facilitates the replication initiation of an alternative polymerase (i.e. reverse transcriptase) through a panhandle-structured RNA template, which mimics the 5'-3' cyclization of cypoviral positive-stranded RNA. Given that the replication of negative-stranded vRNA on the positive-stranded vRNA template necessitates the dissociation of the 5'-3' panhandle, the RNA chaperone activity of VP5 may play a direct role in the initiation of reoviral dsRNA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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11
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Pascual L, Jakubowska AK, Blanca JM, Cañizares J, Ferré J, Gloeckner G, Vogel H, Herrero S. The transcriptome of Spodoptera exigua larvae exposed to different types of microbes. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 42:557-570. [PMID: 22564783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have obtained and characterized the transcriptome of Spodoptera exigua larvae with special emphasis on pathogen-induced genes. In order to obtain a highly representative transcriptome, we have pooled RNA from diverse insect colonies, conditions and tissues. Sequenced cDNA included samples from 3 geographically different colonies. Enrichment of RNA from pathogen-related genes was accomplished by exposing larvae to different pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbial agents such as the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis, Micrococcus luteus, and Escherichia coli, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the S. exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV). In addition, to avoid the loss of tissue-specific genes we included cDNA from the midgut, fat body, hemocytes and integument derived from pathogen exposed insects. RNA obtained from the different types of samples was pooled, normalized and sequenced. Analysis of the sequences obtained using the Roche 454 FLX and Sanger methods has allowed the generation of the largest public set of ESTs from S. exigua, including a large group of immune genes, and the identification of an important number of SSR (simple sequence repeats) and SNVs (single nucleotide variants: SNPs and INDELs) with potential use as genetic markers. Moreover, data mining has allowed the discovery of novel RNA viruses with potential influence in the insect population dynamics and the larval interactions with the microbial pesticides that are currently in use for the biological control of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pascual
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, Spain
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12
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Cao G, Meng X, Xue R, Zhu Y, Zhang X, Pan Z, Zheng X, Gong C. Characterization of the complete genome segments from BmCPV-SZ, a novelBombyx moricypovirus 1 isolate. Can J Microbiol 2012; 58:872-83. [DOI: 10.1139/w2012-064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel Bombyx mori cypovirus 1 isolated from infected silkworm larvae and tentatively assigned as Bombyx mori cypovirus 1 isolate Suzhou (BmCPV-SZ). The complete nucleotide sequences of genomic segments S1–S10 from BmCPV-SZ were determined. All segments possessed a single open reading frame; however, bioinformatic evidence suggested a short overlapping coding sequence in S1. Each BmCPV-SZ segment possessed the conserved terminal sequences AGUAA and GUUAGCC at the 5′ and 3′ ends, respectively. The conserved A/G at the –3 position in relation to the AUG codon could be found in the BmCPV-SZ genome, and it was postulated that this conserved A/G may be the most important nucleotide for efficient translation initiation in cypoviruses (CPVs). Examination of the putative amino acid sequences encoded by BmCPV-SZ revealed some characteristic motifs. Homology searches showed that viral structural proteins VP1, VP3, and VP4 had localized homologies with proteins of Rice ragged stunt virus , a member of the genus Oryzavirus within the family Reoviridae. A phylogenetic tree based on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase sequences demonstrated that CPV is more closely related to Rice ragged stunt virus and Aedes pseudoscutellaris reovirus than to other members of Reoviridae, suggesting that they may have originated from common ancestors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangli Cao
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangkun Meng
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renyu Xue
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuexiong Zhu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhonghua Pan
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Zheng
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengliang Gong
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
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Producing Dendrolimus punctatus Cytoplasmic Polyhedrosis Virus in Substitutive Host Spodoptera exigua*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1145.2010.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Marzban R, He Q, Liu X, Zhang Q. Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (HaCPV) on cotton bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J Invertebr Pathol 2009; 101:71-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2009.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2008] [Revised: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Jeger MJ, Madden LV, van den Bosch F. The effect of transmission route on plant virus epidemic development and disease control. J Theor Biol 2009; 258:198-207. [PMID: 19490879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2008] [Revised: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A model for indirect vector transmission and epidemic development of plant viruses is extended to consider direct transmission through vector mating. A basic reproduction number is derived which is the sum of the R(0) values specific for three transmission routes. We analyse the model to determine the effect of direct transmission on plant disease control directed against indirect transmission. Increasing the rate of horizontal sexual transmission means that vector control rate or indirect transmission rate must be increased/decreased substantially to maintain R(0) at a value less than 1. By contrast, proportionately increasing the probability of transovarial transmission has little effect. Expressions are derived for the steady-state values of the viruliferous vector population. There is clear advantage for an insect virus in indirect transmission to plants, especially where the sexual and transovarial transmission rates are low; however information on virulence-transmissibility relationships is required to explain the evolution of a plant virus from an insect virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Jeger
- Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK.
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16
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Tan L, Zhang J, Li Y, Li Y, Jiang H, Cao X, Hu Y. The complete nucleotide sequence of the type 5 Helicoverpa armigera cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus genome. Virus Genes 2008; 36:587-93. [PMID: 18368473 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-008-0222-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2007] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The S1-6, S8, and S9 segments of the type 5 Helicoverpa armigera cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (HaCPV-5, Chinese strain) were cloned and sequenced, completing the HaCPV-5 genome. We found that each HaCPV-5 segment exhibits the conserved terminal sequences AGUU and UUGC located at the 5' and 3' ends, respectively. We also analyzed the translation initiation codon of the HaCPV-5 genome and compared it with the available cypovirus sequences in GenBank. We postulated that the conserved purine at the -3 position in relation to the AUG codon is probably the most important nucleotide for efficient translation initiation in cypovirus. Although the nucleotide sequences of the HaCPV-5 segments S1-10 exhibit no significant similarity to other viruses, blast searches did reveal some similarities between predicted HaCPV-5 amino acid sequences and those of other viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
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Chen W, Hu Y, Li Y, Yu Z, Dong C, Cai D, Zhang J. Characterization of the RNA-binding regions in protein p36 of Heliothis armigera cypovirus 14. Virus Res 2007; 125:211-8. [PMID: 17350708 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2007.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Revised: 01/10/2007] [Accepted: 01/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Some proteins of cypovirus (CPV) bind to RNA, probably contributing to the replication of viral genome. However, little is known about whether any protein from Heliothis armigera cypovirus (HaCPV) could bind to RNA. In this study, we cloned the ORF of segment 9 (S9) of HaCPV, serotype 14, into pMAL-c2X for the generation and purification of maltose binding protein (MBP) fused protein p36 (MBP-p36). The analysis of the RNA-binding properties of MBP-p36 revealed that p36, but not MBP alone, bound to ssRNA of CPV. Furthermore, the ssRNA-binding activities of p36 were significantly inhibited or completely eliminated by protein denaturants or unsuitable concentrations of NaCl. Importantly, the formation of ssRNA/p36 was only competitively inhibited by a heavy dose of competitive non-viral ssRNA or dsRNA, but not by ssDNA and dsDNA, suggesting that p36 bound to both ssRNA and dsRNA, but not DNA. Moreover, the characterization of different mutants of p36 revealed that the regions 1-26aa, 154-170aa, and 229-238aa, but not region 291-320aa, may be crucial for the ssRNA-binding ability of p36. Conceivably, the sensitivity of p36 to denaturants and the synergetic effect of different regions suggest that the RNA-binding ability of p36 may be conformation-dependent. Thus, our findings provide new insights into understanding the genomic function of HaCPV-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
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Li Y, Zhang J, Li Y, Tan L, Chen W, Luo H, Hu Y. Phylogenetic analysis of Heliothis armigera cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus type 14 and a series of dwarf segments found in the genome. J Gen Virol 2007; 88:991-997. [PMID: 17325373 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.82673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Full-length nucleotide sequences for the genome segments (S1-S6) of Heliothis armigera cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus type 14 (HaCPV-14) have been characterized. Each segment consists of a single open reading frame with conserved motifs AGAA and AGCU at the 5' and 3' ends, respectively. Comparison of the proteins of HaCPV-14 with those of other members of the family Reoviridae suggests that S1 encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), whilst S2 encodes a major capsid protein of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis of RdRps from 16 viruses in the family Reoviridae reveals that the genera Cypovirus and Oryzavirus may have originated from a common insect virus ancestor. A series of viable dwarf segments originating from S5 of HaCPV-14 has been identified. Analysis of the predicted secondary structures for these dwarf segments suggests that the signals essential for replication and packaging are located within the terminal sequences of these segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Li
- Laboratory of Insect Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- Laboratory of Insect Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Li
- Laboratory of Insect Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Li Tan
- Laboratory of Insect Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Wuguo Chen
- Laboratory of Insect Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Haishan Luo
- Laboratory of Insect Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyang Hu
- Laboratory of Insect Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
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