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Dey P, Osborne JW, Lincy KB. An insight on the plausible biological and non-biological detoxification of heavy metals in tannery waste: A comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 258:119451. [PMID: 38906443 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
A key challenge for the tannery industries is the volume of tannery waste water (TWW) generated during the processing of leather, releasing various forms of toxic heavy metals resulting in uncontrolled discharge of tannery waste (TW) into the environment leading to pollution. The pollutants in TW includes heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) etc, when discharged above the permissible limit causes ill effects on humans. Therefore, several researchers have reported the application of biological and non-biological methods for the removal of pollutants in TW. This review provides insights on the global scenario of tannery industries and the harmful effects of heavy metal generated by tannery industry on micro and macroorganisms of the various ecological niches. It also provides information on the process, advantages and disadvantages of non-biological methods such as electrochemical oxidation, advanced oxidation processes, photon assisted catalytic remediation, adsorption and membrane technology. The various biological methods emphasised includes strategies such as constructed wetland, vermitechnology, phytoremediation, bioaugmentation, quorum sensing and biofilm in the remediation of heavy metals from tannery wastewater (TWW) with special emphasize on chromium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parry Dey
- School of Bio Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jabez W Osborne
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning (VAIAL) Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kirubhadharsini B Lincy
- School of Bio Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Bacterial biofilm mediated bioremediation of hexavalent chromium: A review. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3
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Sun S, Huang L, Song X, Zhou P. An external magnetic field moderating Cr(VI) stress for simultaneous enhanced acetate production and Cr(VI) removal in microbial electrosynthesis system. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 193:110550. [PMID: 33271144 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A stressful heavy metal circumstance disfavors production of acetate from bicarbonate reduction in the biocathode of microbial electrosynthesis system (MES) with simultaneous function of heavy metal removal/recovery. It is of great interest to explore effective approaches to moderate the heavy metal stress with achievement of simultaneous enhanced acetate production and heavy metal removal in MES. Herein, a magnetic field strength of 100 mT was successfully employed to moderate Cr(VI) stress, achieving simultaneous production of acetate at a rate of 1.48 ± 0.01 mg/L/h and Cr(VI) removal at a rate of 1.67-2.42 mg/L/h in the Serratia marcescens Q1 catalyzed cathode of MES under periodical addition of bicarbonate and Cr(VI), 1.35-fold (acetate production) and 1.34-1.46 times (Cr(VI) removal) of those in the controls in the absence of magnetic field. This simultaneous efficient acetate production and Cr(VI) removal was regulated by the magnetic field and the stressful Cr(VI), which induced the S. marcescens to physiologically release additive amounts of extracellular polymeric substances with a compositional diversity and containing the electrochemically active c-type cytochromes to facilitate extracellular electron transfer. This study confirmed the importance of magnetic field in developing the S. marcescens catalytic activity for moderating Cr(VI) stress, and thus provided a feasible approach for simultaneous efficient acetate production and Cr(VI) removal/recovery in MES, from waters contaminated with Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Xu Song
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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Ferro Orozco AM, Contreras EM, Zaritzky NE. Biological removal of hexavalent chromium: evaluation of the metabolic activity of native and Cr(VI)-acclimated activated sludge using a respirometric method. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:952-963. [PMID: 31378161 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1649470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium becomes in one of the tops internationally concern environmental issues due to its wide usage in several industrial activities. There are two stable oxidation states of chromium in the environment which differ significantly on its toxicity; Cr(III) has lower solubility, mobility and lesser biological toxicity in comparison with Cr(VI). While Cr(VI) is a well-known carcinogen, Cr(III) is an essential dietary element. For this reason, most technologies focus attention on the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). On this context, the ability of microorganisms to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) has gained attention. The objectives of the present work were to analyze the effect of Cr(VI) on the activated sludge community in a continuous reactor, and to evaluate the differences on the metabolic activity of native (NAS) and Cr(VI)-acclimated activated sludge (CrAAS) using a respirometric method. Results showed that the activated sludge community had the capability to acclimate to the presence of Cr(VI). On the other hand, the increase of the initial Cr(VI) concentration from 0 to 100 mgCr/L leads to a decrease in the specific exogenous respiration rate (qEx ) values, but this reduction was more noticeably in the case of NAS in comparison with CrAAS. The respirometric curves were well described by the proposed mathematical model. It was concluded that the CrAAS tolerated a Cr(VI) concentration about one order of magnitude higher than NAS, which was positively reflected in the respiration rate first-order decay constant (kd ), the specific maximum exogenous respiration rate (qExm ), and the observed oxidation coefficient (YO/S ) values.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ferro Orozco
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), CCT Mar del Plata, CONICET - Facultad de Ingeniería, UNMdP, Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - E M Contreras
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), CCT Mar del Plata, CONICET - Facultad de Ingeniería, UNMdP, Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - N E Zaritzky
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA). CCT La Plata, CONICET - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
- Facultad de Ingeniería, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
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Gendy S, Chauhan A, Agarwal M, Pathak A, Rathore RS, Jaswal R. Is Long-Term Heavy Metal Exposure Driving Carriage of Antibiotic Resistance in Environmental Opportunistic Pathogens: A Comprehensive Phenomic and Genomic Assessment Using Serratia sp. SRS-8-S-2018. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1923. [PMID: 32973703 PMCID: PMC7468404 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The carriage of both, heavy metal and antibiotic resistance appears to be a common trait in bacterial communities native to long-term contaminated habitats, including the Savannah River Site (SRS). There is widespread soil contamination at the SRS; a United States Department of Energy (DOE) facility with long-term contamination from past industrial and nuclear weapons production activities. To further evaluate the genomic and metabolic traits that underpin metal and antibiotic resistance, a robust mercury (Hg) and uranium (U)-resistant strain- SRS-8-S-2018, was isolated. Minimum inhibitory concentration of this strain revealed resistance to Hg (10 μg/ml) and U (5 mM), the two main heavy metal contaminants at the SRS. Metabolic assessment of strain SRS-8-S-2018 using Biolog metabolic fingerprinting analysis revealed preference for carbohydrate utilization followed by polymers, amino acids, carboxy acids, and esters; this physiological activity diminished when Hg stress was provided at 1 and 3 μg/ml and completely ceased at 5 μg/ml Hg, indicating that continued release of Hg will have negative metabolic impacts to even those microorganisms that possess high resistance ability. Development of antibiotic resistance in strain SRS-8-S-2018 was evaluated at a functional level using phenomics, which confirmed broad resistance against 70.8% of the 48 antibiotics tested. Evolutionary and adaptive traits of strain SRS-8-S-2018 were further assessed using genomics, which revealed the strain to taxonomically affiliate with Serratia marcescens species, possessing a genome size of 5,323,630 bp, 5,261 proteins (CDS), 55 genes for transfer RNA (tRNA), and an average G + C content of 59.48. Comparative genomics with closest taxonomic relatives revealed 360 distinct genes in SRS-8-S-2018, with multiple functions related to both, antibiotic and heavy metal resistance, which likely facilitates the strain’s survival in a metalliferous soil habitat. Comparisons drawn between the environmentally isolated Serratia SRS-8-S-2018 with 31 other strains revealed a closer functional association with medically relevant isolates suggesting that propensity of environmental Serratia isolates in acquiring virulence traits, as a function of long-term exposure to heavy metals, which is facilitating development, recruitment and proliferation of not only metal resistant genes (MRGs) but antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs), which can potentially trigger future bacterial pathogen outbreaks emanating from contaminated environmental habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Gendy
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Ashvini Chauhan
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, School of the Environment, FSH Science Research Center, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Meenakshi Agarwal
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, School of the Environment, FSH Science Research Center, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Ashish Pathak
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, School of the Environment, FSH Science Research Center, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Rajesh Singh Rathore
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, School of the Environment, FSH Science Research Center, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Rajneesh Jaswal
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, School of the Environment, FSH Science Research Center, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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Isolation and characterization of chromium(VI)-reducing bacteria from tannery effluents and solid wastes. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:126. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2510-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mora Collazos A, Bravo Montaño E. Aislamiento de microorganismos electrogénicos con potencial para reducir cromo hexavalente. ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2017. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v22n1.57189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Se realizó el aislamiento de microorganismos cultivables a partir de la biopelícula formada sobre el ánodo de una celda de combustible microbiana puesta en operación durante 30 días; los microorganismos aislados fueron evaluados en su capacidad de producir energía en celdas de combustible microbianas y de reducir el cromo hexavalente, Cr (VI). Se aislaron cinco microorganismos, los cuales fueron caracterizados mediante análisis del gen del ARNr 16S, el cual ubicó a los microorganismos en cuatro géneros bacterianos: Exiguobacterium (CrMFC1), Acinetobacter (CrMFC2), Aeromonas (CrMFC3 y CrMFC5), y Serratia (CrMFC4). Todas las cepas aisladas mostraron actividad electrogénica y capacidad para reducir cromo hexavalente; la cepa de Acinetobacter CrMFC2 mostró el mejor desempeño electroquímico al registrar una densidad de potencia máxima de 18,61 mW/m2; las demás cepas mostraron valores de densidad de potencia máxima entre 4,6 mW/m2 y 7.1 mW/m2. Las cepas de Aeromonas CrMFC5 y Exiguobacterium CrMFC1 mostraron las mejores tasas de reducción de cromo al ser capaces de reducir el 100% del Cr (VI) en menos de 24 horas, destacándose la cepa de Aeromonas CrMFC5 la cual redujo el 100 % de Cr (VI) en 10 horas; las demás cepas redujeron el 100 % del contaminante al cabo de 28 a 30 horas. Los microorganismos aislados en este estudio son escasamente conocidos por su capacidad electrogénica y de reducir el Cr (VI); no obstante, se muestran promisorios para su utilización en sistemas mixtos que involucren la producción de energía acoplada a sistema de biorremediación de aguas contaminadas con cromo.
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Leucobacter chromiireducens CRB2, a new strain with high Cr(VI) reduction potential isolated from tannery-contaminated soil (Fez, Morocco). ANN MICROBIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-015-1125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Maqbool Z, Asghar HN, Shahzad T, Hussain S, Riaz M, Ali S, Arif MS, Maqsood M. Isolating, screening and applying chromium reducing bacteria to promote growth and yield of okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.) in chromium contaminated soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 114:343-9. [PMID: 25066609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)], extensively used in different industries, is one of the most toxic heavy metals. The Cr (VI) reducing bacteria could be helpful in decreasing its toxic effects. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of Cr (VI) reducing bacteria to improve growth and yield of okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.) in Cr-contaminated soils. Most of the selected bacterial isolates significantly increased the growth and yield of okra. Maximum response was observed in the plants inoculated with the isolate K12 where plant height, root length, fruit weight and number of fruits per plant increased up to 77.5 percent, 72.6 percent, 1.4 fold and 2.9 fold, respectively. Moreover, inoculation with bacteria caused significant decrease in Cr (VI) concentration in soil and plant parts across all treatments. The maximum decrease of 69.6, 56.1 and 40.0 percent in Cr (VI) concentrations in soil, plant vegetative parts and plant reproductive parts, respectively, was observed in the treatment inoculated with the strain K12. Based on amplification, sequencing and analysis of 16S rDNA sequence, the strain K12 was found belonging to genus Brucella and was designated as Brucella sp. K12. These findings suggest that the strain K12 may serve as a potential bioresource to improve crop production in Cr-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Maqbool
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Naeem Asghar
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tanvir Shahzad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem Arif
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Marium Maqsood
- Department of Agronomy, Pir Mehar Ali Shah University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Malaviya P, Singh A. Bioremediation of chromium solutions and chromium containing wastewaters. Crit Rev Microbiol 2014; 42:607-33. [DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2014.974501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Malaviya
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Asha Singh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
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Bacterial mechanisms for Cr(VI) resistance and reduction: an overview and recent advances. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2014; 59:321-32. [PMID: 24470188 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-014-0304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Chromium pollution is increasing incessantly due to continuing industrialization. Of various oxidation states, Cr(6+) is very toxic due to its carcinogenic and mutagenic nature. It also has deleterious effects on different microorganisms as well as on plants. Many species of bacteria thriving in the Cr(6+)-contaminated environments have evolved novel strategies to cope with Cr(6+) toxicity. Generally, decreased uptake or exclusion of Cr(6+) compounds through the membranes, biosorption, and the upregulation of genes associated with oxidative stress response are some of the resistance mechanisms in bacterial cells to overcome the Cr(6+) stress. In addition, bacterial Cr(6+) reduction into Cr(3+) is also a mechanism of specific significance as it transforms toxic and mobile chromium derivatives into reduced species which are innocuous and immobile. Ecologically, the bacterial trait of reductive immobilization of Cr(6+) derivatives is of great advantage in bioremediation. The present review is an effort to underline the bacterial resistance and reducing mechanisms to Cr(6+) compounds with recent development in order to garner a broad perspective.
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Salamanca D, Strunk N, Engesser KH. Chromate Reduction in Anaerobic Systems by Bacterial Strain Pseudomonas aeruginosaCRM100. CHEM-ING-TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201200144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sharma S, Adholeya A. Hexavalent Chromium Reduction in Tannery Effluent by Bacterial Species Isolated from Tannery Effluent Contaminated Soil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/jest.2012.142.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Orozco AMF, Contreras EM, Zaritzky NE. Effects of combining biological treatment and activated carbon on hexavalent chromium reduction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:2495-2502. [PMID: 21123053 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Revised: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of the present work were: (a) to analyze the Cr(VI) removal by combining activated sludge (AS) with powdered activated carbon (PAC), (b) to analyze the effect of PAC and Cr(VI) on the growth kinetics of activated sludge, and (c) to determine if the combined method (AS-PAC) for Cr(VI) removal can be considered additive or synergistic with respect to the individual processes. Chromate removal was improved by increasing PAC concentrations in both PAC and AS-PAC systems. Cr(VI) removal using the AS-PAC system was higher than using AS or PAC. The increase of Cr(VI) caused longer lag phase and lower observed specific growth rate (μ(obs)), biomass yield (Y(X/S)), and specific growth substrate consumption rate (q(S)) of activated sludge; additionally, PAC did not enhance the growth kinetic parameters (μ(obs), Y(X/S), q(S)). Cr(VI) reduction in AS-PAC system was the result of the additive effect of each individual Cr(VI) removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ferro Orozco
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA), CCT La Plata CONICET, Faculty de Cs. Exactas, La Plata, Argentina.
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Isolation and Growth Characteristics of Chromium(VI) and Pentachlorophenol Tolerant Bacterial Isolate from Treated Tannery Effluent for its Possible Use in Simultaneous Bioremediation. Indian J Microbiol 2011; 51:61-9. [PMID: 22282630 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-011-0089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial strains resistant to pentachlorophenol (PCP) and hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] were isolated from treated tannery effluent of a common effluent treatment plant. Most of the physico-chemical parameters analyzed were above permissible limits. Thirty-eight and four bacterial isolates, respectively were found resistant to >50 μg/ml concentration of [Cr(VI)] and the same level of PCP. Out of the above 42 isolates, only one was found simultaneously tolerant to higher levels of both PCP (500 μg/ml) and Cr(VI) (200 μg/ml), and hence was selected for further studies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in which a native bacterial isolate simultaneously tolerant to such a high concentrations of Cr(VI) and PCP has been reported. The culture growth was best at 0.4% (w/v) glucose as an additional carbon source and 0.2% (w/v) ammonium chloride as a nitrogen source. The growth results with cow urine as a nitrogen source were comparable with the best nitrogen source ammonium chloride. The isolate exhibited resistance to multiple heavy metals (Pb, As, Hg, Zn, Co & Ni) and to antibiotics nalidixic acid and polymixin-B. The efficacy of bacterial isolate for growth, PCP degradation (56.5%) and Cr(VI) bioremediation (74.5%) was best at 48 h incubation. The isolate was identified as Bacillus sp. by morphological and biochemical tests. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed 98% homology with Bacillus cereus. However, further molecular analysis is underway to ascertain its likelyhood of a novel species.
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Tripathi M, Garg S. Studies on Selection of Efficient Bacterial Strain Simultaneously Tolerant to Hexavalent Chromium and Pentachlorophenol Isolated from Treated Tannery Effluent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/jm.2010.707.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Hexavalent chromate reduction by immobilized Streptomyces griseus. Biotechnol Lett 2008; 30:1005-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-008-9662-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2007] [Revised: 01/17/2008] [Accepted: 01/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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