Xu D, Biswal M, Neal A, Hai R. Review Devil's tools: SARS-CoV-2 antagonists against innate immunity.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN VIROLOGICAL SCIENCE 2021;
2:100013. [PMID:
34812428 PMCID:
PMC8598260 DOI:
10.1016/j.crviro.2021.100013]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The unprecedented Coronavirus pandemic of 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Like other coronaviruses, to establish its infection, SARS-CoV-2 is required to overcome the innate interferon (IFN) response, which is the first line of host defense. SARS-CoV-2 has also developed complex antagonism approaches involving almost all its encoding viral proteins. Here, we summarize our current understanding of these different viral factors and their roles in suppressing IFN responses. Some of them are conserved IFN evasion strategies used by SARS-CoV; others are novel countermeasures only employed by SARS-CoV-2. The filling of gaps in understanding these underlying mechanisms will provide rationale guidance for applying IFN treatment against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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