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Mirkov I, Tucovic D, Kulas J, Malesevic A, Kataranovski D, Kataranovski M, Popov Aleksandrov A. Physiological strategies in wild rodents: immune defenses of commensal rats. Integr Zool 2024; 19:350-370. [PMID: 37814602 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The importance of issues associated with urban/commensal rats and mice (property damage, management costs, and health risks) press upon research on these animals. While the demography of commensal rodents is mostly studied, the need for understanding factors influencing their natural morbidity/mortality is also stressed. In this respect, more attention is expected to be paid to immunity, the physiological mechanism of defense against host survival threats (pathogens, parasites, diseases). Commensal rats and mice carry numerous pathogens that evoke diverse immune responses. The state of immunity in commensal house mice is studied in great detail, owing to the use of laboratory strains in biomedical research. Because commensal rats are, compared to mice, carriers of more zoonotic agents, rats' immunity is studied mainly in that context. Some of these zoonotic agents cause chronic, asymptomatic infections, which justified studies of immunological mechanisms of pathogen tolerance versus clearance regulation in rats. Occurrence of some infections in specific tissues/organs pressed upon analysis of local/regional immune responses and/or immunopathology. A survey of immunological activity/responses in commensal rats is given in this review, with mention of existing data in commensal mice. It should throw some light on the factors relevant to their morbidity and lifespan, supplementing the knowledge of commensal rodent ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Mirkov
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dina Tucovic
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kulas
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anastasija Malesevic
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Kataranovski
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Kataranovski
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Popov Aleksandrov
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Oyesola O, Downie AE, Howard N, Barre RS, Kiwanuka K, Zaldana K, Chen YH, Menezes A, Lee SC, Devlin J, Mondragón-Palomino O, Souza COS, Herrmann C, Koralov S, Cadwell K, Graham AL, Loke P. Genetic and Environmental interactions contribute to immune variation in rewilded mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.17.533121. [PMID: 36993484 PMCID: PMC10055251 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.17.533121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The relative and synergistic contributions of genetics and environment to inter-individual immune response variation remain unclear, despite its implications for understanding both evolutionary biology and medicine. Here, we quantify interactive effects of genotype and environment on immune traits by investigating three inbred mouse strains rewilded in an outdoor enclosure and infected with the parasite, Trichuris muris. Whereas cytokine response heterogeneity was primarily driven by genotype, cellular composition heterogeneity was shaped by interactions between genotype and environment. Notably, genetic differences under laboratory conditions can be decreased following rewilding, and variation in T cell markers are more driven by genetics, whereas B cell markers are driven more by environment. Importantly, variation in worm burden is associated with measures of immune variation, as well as genetics and environment. These results indicate that nonheritable influences interact with genetic factors to shape immune variation, with synergistic impacts on the deployment and evolution of defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyebola Oyesola
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexander E. Downie
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University; Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Nina Howard
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramya S. Barre
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University; Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Kasalina Kiwanuka
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kimberly Zaldana
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ying-Han Chen
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
| | - Arthur Menezes
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University; Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Soo Ching Lee
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph Devlin
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
| | - Octavio Mondragón-Palomino
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Camila Oliveira Silva Souza
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christin Herrmann
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
| | - Sergei Koralov
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrea L. Graham
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University; Princeton, NJ, USA
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA
| | - P’ng Loke
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
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