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Haage V, Tuddenham JF, Comandante-Lou N, Bautista A, Monzel A, Chiu R, Fujita M, Garcia FG, Bhattarai P, Patel R, Buonfiglioli A, Idiarte J, Herman M, Rinderspacher A, Mela A, Zhao W, Argenziano MG, Furnari JL, Banu MA, Landry DW, Bruce JN, Canoll P, Zhang Y, Nuriel T, Kizil C, Sproul AA, de Witte LD, Sims PA, Menon V, Picard M, De Jager PL. A pharmacological toolkit for human microglia identifies Topoisomerase I inhibitors as immunomodulators for Alzheimer's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.06.579103. [PMID: 38370689 PMCID: PMC10871172 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.06.579103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
While efforts to identify microglial subtypes have recently accelerated, the relation of transcriptomically defined states to function has been largely limited to in silico annotations. Here, we characterize a set of pharmacological compounds that have been proposed to polarize human microglia towards two distinct states - one enriched for AD and MS genes and another characterized by increased expression of antigen presentation genes. Using different model systems including HMC3 cells, iPSC-derived microglia and cerebral organoids, we characterize the effect of these compounds in mimicking human microglial subtypes in vitro. We show that the Topoisomerase I inhibitor Camptothecin induces a CD74high/MHChigh microglial subtype which is specialized in amyloid beta phagocytosis. Camptothecin suppressed amyloid toxicity and restored microglia back to their homeostatic state in a zebrafish amyloid model. Our work provides avenues to recapitulate human microglial subtypes in vitro, enabling functional characterization and providing a foundation for modulating human microglia in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Haage
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - John F. Tuddenham
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Natacha Comandante-Lou
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Alex Bautista
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Anna Monzel
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Rebecca Chiu
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Frankie G. Garcia
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Prabesh Bhattarai
- Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Ronak Patel
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Alice Buonfiglioli
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine, 1460 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Juan Idiarte
- Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Mathieu Herman
- Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | | | - Angeliki Mela
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wenting Zhao
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Michael G. Argenziano
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Julia L. Furnari
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matei A. Banu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Donald W. Landry
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Jeffrey N. Bruce
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ya Zhang
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Tal Nuriel
- Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Caghan Kizil
- Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Andrew A. Sproul
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Lotje D. de Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine, 1460 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Peter A. Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Vilas Menon
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philip L. De Jager
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
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Hochbaum DR, Dubinsky AC, Farnsworth HC, Hulshof L, Kleinberg G, Urke A, Wang W, Hakim R, Robertson K, Park C, Solberg A, Yang Y, Baynard C, Nadaf NM, Beron CC, Girasole AE, Chantranupong L, Cortopassi M, Prouty S, Geistlinger L, Banks A, Scanlan T, Greenberg ME, Boulting GL, Macosko EZ, Sabatini BL. Thyroid hormone rewires cortical circuits to coordinate body-wide metabolism and exploratory drive. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.10.552874. [PMID: 37609206 PMCID: PMC10441422 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.10.552874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Animals adapt to varying environmental conditions by modifying the function of their internal organs, including the brain. To be adaptive, alterations in behavior must be coordinated with the functional state of organs throughout the body. Here we find that thyroid hormone- a prominent regulator of metabolism in many peripheral organs- activates cell-type specific transcriptional programs in anterior regions of cortex of adult mice via direct activation of thyroid hormone receptors. These programs are enriched for axon-guidance genes in glutamatergic projection neurons, synaptic regulators across both astrocytes and neurons, and pro-myelination factors in oligodendrocytes, suggesting widespread remodeling of cortical circuits. Indeed, whole-cell electrophysiology recordings revealed that thyroid hormone induces local transcriptional programs that rewire cortical neural circuits via pre-synaptic mechanisms, resulting in increased excitatory drive with a concomitant sensitization of recruited inhibition. We find that thyroid hormone bidirectionally regulates innate exploratory behaviors and that the transcriptionally mediated circuit changes in anterior cortex causally promote exploratory decision-making. Thus, thyroid hormone acts directly on adult cerebral cortex to coordinate exploratory behaviors with whole-body metabolic state.
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Dolan MJ, Therrien M, Jereb S, Kamath T, Gazestani V, Atkeson T, Marsh SE, Goeva A, Lojek NM, Murphy S, White CM, Joung J, Liu B, Limone F, Eggan K, Hacohen N, Bernstein BE, Glass CK, Leinonen V, Blurton-Jones M, Zhang F, Epstein CB, Macosko EZ, Stevens B. Exposure of iPSC-derived human microglia to brain substrates enables the generation and manipulation of diverse transcriptional states in vitro. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1382-1390. [PMID: 37500887 PMCID: PMC10382323 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Microglia, the macrophages of the brain parenchyma, are key players in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. These cells adopt distinct transcriptional subtypes known as states. Understanding state function, especially in human microglia, has been elusive owing to a lack of tools to model and manipulate these cells. Here, we developed a platform for modeling human microglia transcriptional states in vitro. We found that exposure of human stem-cell-differentiated microglia to synaptosomes, myelin debris, apoptotic neurons or synthetic amyloid-beta fibrils generated transcriptional diversity that mapped to gene signatures identified in human brain microglia, including disease-associated microglia, a state enriched in neurodegenerative diseases. Using a new lentiviral approach, we demonstrated that the transcription factor MITF drives a disease-associated transcriptional signature and a highly phagocytic state. Together, these tools enable the manipulation and functional interrogation of human microglial states in both homeostatic and disease-relevant contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael-John Dolan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martine Therrien
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saša Jereb
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tushar Kamath
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vahid Gazestani
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Trevor Atkeson
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samuel E Marsh
- Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aleksandrina Goeva
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Neal M Lojek
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Murphy
- Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Julia Joung
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bingxu Liu
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Limone
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Leiden University Medical Center, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kevin Eggan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bradley E Bernstein
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ville Leinonen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurosurgery, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UCI Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Evan Z Macosko
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Beth Stevens
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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