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Stephens GS, Park J, Eagle A, You J, Silva-Pérez M, Fu CH, Choi S, Romain CPS, Sugimoto C, Buffington SA, Zheng Y, Costa-Mattioli M, Liu Y, Robison AJ, Chin J. Persistent ∆FosB expression limits recurrent seizure activity and provides neuroprotection in the dentate gyrus of APP mice. Prog Neurobiol 2024; 237:102612. [PMID: 38642602 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2024.102612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Recurrent seizures lead to accumulation of the activity-dependent transcription factor ∆FosB in hippocampal dentate granule cells in both mouse models of epilepsy and mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is also associated with increased incidence of seizures. In patients with AD and related mouse models, the degree of ∆FosB accumulation corresponds with increasing severity of cognitive deficits. We previously found that ∆FosB impairs spatial memory in mice by epigenetically regulating expression of target genes such as calbindin that are involved in synaptic plasticity. However, the suppression of calbindin in conditions of neuronal hyperexcitability has been demonstrated to provide neuroprotection to dentate granule cells, indicating that ∆FosB may act over long timescales to coordinate neuroprotective pathways. To test this hypothesis, we used viral-mediated expression of ∆JunD to interfere with ∆FosB signaling over the course of several months in transgenic mice expressing mutant human amyloid precursor protein (APP), which exhibit spontaneous seizures and develop AD-related neuropathology and cognitive deficits. Our results demonstrate that persistent ∆FosB activity acts through discrete modes of hippocampal target gene regulation to modulate neuronal excitability, limit recurrent seizure activity, and provide neuroprotection to hippocampal dentate granule cells in APP mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin Park
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | - Andrew Eagle
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, USA
| | - Jason You
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | | | - Chia-Hsuan Fu
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | - Sumin Choi
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | | | - Chiho Sugimoto
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, USA
| | - Shelly A Buffington
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | | | - Yin Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School at UT Health, USA
| | - A J Robison
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, USA
| | - Jeannie Chin
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, USA.
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2
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Jhaveri DJ, McGonigal A, Becker C, Benoliel JJ, Nandam LS, Soncin L, Kotwas I, Bernard C, Bartolomei F. Stress and Epilepsy: Towards Understanding of Neurobiological Mechanisms for Better Management. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0200-23.2023. [PMID: 37923391 PMCID: PMC10626502 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0200-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress has been identified as a major contributor to human disease and is postulated to play a substantial role in epileptogenesis. In a significant proportion of individuals with epilepsy, sensitivity to stressful events contributes to dynamic symptomatic burden, notably seizure occurrence and frequency, and presence and severity of psychiatric comorbidities [anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)]. Here, we review this complex relationship between stress and epilepsy using clinical data and highlight key neurobiological mechanisms including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction, altered neuroplasticity within limbic system structures, and alterations in neurochemical pathways such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) linking epilepsy and stress. We discuss current clinical management approaches of stress that help optimize seizure control and prevention, as well as psychiatric comorbidities associated with epilepsy. We propose that various shared mechanisms of stress and epilepsy present multiple avenues for the development of new symptomatic and preventative treatments, including disease modifying therapies aimed at reducing epileptogenesis. This would require close collaborations between clinicians and basic scientists to integrate data across multiple scales, from genetics to systems biology, from clinical observations to fundamental mechanistic insights. In future, advances in machine learning approaches and neuromodulation strategies will enable personalized and targeted interventions to manage and ultimately treat stress-related epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanisha J Jhaveri
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Aileen McGonigal
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
- Mater Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Mater Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Christel Becker
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1124, Université Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Benoliel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1124, Université Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France
- Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Biochimie Endocrinienne et Oncologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, 75651, France
| | - L Sanjay Nandam
- Turner Inst for Brain & Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800, Australia
| | - Lisa Soncin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, 13005, France
- Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Psychologie Cliniques, Cognitives et Sociales, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, 06300, France
| | - Iliana Kotwas
- Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Hospital, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - Christophe Bernard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - Fabrice Bartolomei
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, 13005, France
- Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Timone Hospital, Marseille, 13005, France
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3
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Makhalova J, Le Troter A, Aubert-Conil S, Giusiano B, McGonigal A, Trebuchon A, Carron R, Medina Villalon S, Bénar CG, Ranjeva JP, Guye M, Bartolomei F. Epileptogenic networks in drug-resistant epilepsy with amygdala enlargement: Assessment with stereo-EEG and 7 T MRI. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 133:94-103. [PMID: 34826646 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amygdala enlargement is increasingly described in association with temporal lobe epilepsies. Its significance, however, remains uncertain both in terms of etiology and its link with psychiatric disorders and of its involvement in the epileptogenic zone. We assessed the epileptogenic networks underlying drug-resistant epilepsy with amygdala enlargement and investigated correlations between clinical features, epileptogenicity and morphovolumetric amygdala characteristics. METHODS We identified 12 consecutive patients suffering from drug-resistant epilepsy with visually suspected amygdala enlargement and available stereoelectroencephalographic recording. The epileptogenic zone was defined using the Connectivity Epileptogenicity Index. Morphovolumetric measurements were performed using automatic segmentation and co-registration on the 7TAMIbrain Amygdala atlas. RESULTS The epileptogenic zone involved the enlarged amygdala in all but three cases and corresponded to distributed, temporal-insular, temporal-insular-prefrontal or prefrontal-temporal networks in ten cases, while only two were temporo-mesial networks. Morphovolumetrically, amygdala enlargement was bilateral in 75% of patients. Most patients presented psychiatric comorbidities (anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder). The level of depression defined by screening questionnaire was positively correlated with the extent of amygdala enlargement. CONCLUSIONS Drug-resistant epilepsy with amygdala enlargement is heterogeneous; most cases implied "temporal plus" networks. SIGNIFICANCE The enlarged amygdala could reflect an interaction of stress-mediated limbic network alterations and mechanisms of epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Makhalova
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France; APHM, Timone Hospital, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Arnaud Le Troter
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France; APHM, Timone Hospital, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | | | - Bernard Giusiano
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Aileen McGonigal
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Agnès Trebuchon
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Carron
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France; APHM, Timone Hospital, Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Marseille, France
| | - Samuel Medina Villalon
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Christian G Bénar
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Ranjeva
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France; APHM, Timone Hospital, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Maxime Guye
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France; APHM, Timone Hospital, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Bartolomei
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France.
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Soncin LD, McGonigal A, Kotwas I, Belquaid S, Giusiano B, Faure S, Bartolomei F. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 121:108083. [PMID: 34091128 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety and depression in epilepsy are strongly documented but post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is underestimated and poorly known. We studied the links between psycho-traumagenic events (TE), onset of epilepsy, and severity of PTSD symptoms in patients with epilepsy. The study included 54 patients with epilepsy and 61 controls. We used validated questionnaires to screen for anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms and we conducted an interview to measure the prevalence of TE. We developed an original exploratory questionnaire to assess the presence of PTSD during interictal and peri-ictal periods. The results show that patients reported more exposure to a TE and presented significantly more severe PTSD symptoms than controls. Seventy-eight percent of patients (vs. 52% of controls) had been exposed to a TE, and 26% (vs. 7%) had a score above the diagnostic threshold of the PTSD scale. In addition, 18.6% of patients reported that their epilepsy began at the same time as they began to experience PTSD symptoms following a TE. Patients with high PTSD scores (above the threshold, n = 14) reported significantly more depression symptoms than patients without PTSD and reported PTSD symptoms both during the ictal and peri-ictal periods. Within the whole group of patients, anxiety (72%) and depression (33%) symptoms significantly correlated with PTSD symptoms reported by the scale. This study shows that patients with epilepsy have increased prevalence of self-reported PTSD symptoms. We describe the clinical picture specific to patients with epilepsy, which may include classical PTSD symptoms but also specific peri-ictal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Dounia Soncin
- Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Psychologie Cliniques, Cognitives et Sociales, Université Côte d'Azur, 28 Avenue de Valrose, 06103 Nice, France; Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, 58 bd Charles Livon, 13284 Marseille, France
| | - Aileen McGonigal
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, 58 bd Charles Livon, 13284 Marseille, France; Service d'Epileptologie et Rythmologie Cérébrale, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Iliana Kotwas
- Service d'Epileptologie et Rythmologie Cérébrale, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sara Belquaid
- Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Psychologie Cliniques, Cognitives et Sociales, Université Côte d'Azur, 28 Avenue de Valrose, 06103 Nice, France; Service de Psychiatrie générale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 30 Voie Romaine, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Bernard Giusiano
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, 58 bd Charles Livon, 13284 Marseille, France; Pôle de Santé Publique, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Sylvane Faure
- Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Psychologie Cliniques, Cognitives et Sociales, Université Côte d'Azur, 28 Avenue de Valrose, 06103 Nice, France.
| | - Fabrice Bartolomei
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, 58 bd Charles Livon, 13284 Marseille, France; Service d'Epileptologie et Rythmologie Cérébrale, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France.
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5
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Stephens GS, Fu CH, St Romain CP, Zheng Y, Botterill JJ, Scharfman HE, Liu Y, Chin J. Genes Bound by ΔFosB in Different Conditions With Recurrent Seizures Regulate Similar Neuronal Functions. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:472. [PMID: 32536852 PMCID: PMC7268090 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizure incidence is increased in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and mouse models, and treatment with the antiseizure drug levetiracetam improves cognition. We reported that one mechanism by which seizures can exert persistent effects on cognition is through accumulation of ΔFosB, a transcription factor with a long half-life. Even the infrequent seizures that spontaneously occur in transgenic mice expressing human amyloid precursor protein (APP) lead to persistent increases in ΔFosB in the hippocampus, similar to what we observed in patients with AD or temporal lobe epilepsy. ΔFosB epigenetically regulates expression of target genes, however, whether ΔFosB targets the same genes when induced by seizures in different neurological conditions is not clear. We performed ChIP-sequencing to assess the repertoire of ΔFosB target genes in APP mice and in pilocarpine-treated wildtype mice (Pilo mice), a pharmacological model of epilepsy. These mouse models allowed us to compare AD, in which seizures occur in the context of high levels of amyloid beta, and epilepsy, in which recurrent seizures occur without AD-specific pathophysiology. Network profiling of genes bound by ΔFosB in APP mice, Pilo mice, and respective control mice revealed that functional domains modulated by ΔFosB in the hippocampus are expanded and diversified in APP and Pilo mice (vs. respective controls). Domains of interest in both disease contexts involved neuronal excitability and neurotransmission, neurogenesis, chromatin remodeling, and cellular stress and neuroinflammation. To assess the gene targets bound by ΔFosB regardless of seizure etiology, we focused on 442 genes with significant ΔFosB binding in both APP and Pilo mice (vs. respective controls). Functional analyses identified pathways that regulate membrane potential, glutamatergic signaling, calcium homeostasis, complement activation, neuron-glia population maintenance, and chromatin dynamics. RNA-sequencing and qPCR measurements in independent mice detected altered expression of several ΔFosB targets shared in APP and Pilo mice. Our findings indicate that seizure-induced ΔFosB can bind genes in patterns that depend on seizure etiology, but can bind other genes regardless of seizure etiology. Understanding the factors that underlie these differences, such as chromatin accessibility and/or abundance of co-factors, could reveal novel insights into the control of gene expression in disorders with recurrent seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel S Stephens
- Memory and Brain Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Chia-Hsuan Fu
- Memory and Brain Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Corey P St Romain
- Memory and Brain Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yi Zheng
- Memory and Brain Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Justin J Botterill
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States
| | - Helen E Scharfman
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States.,Departments of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience & Physiology, and Psychiatry, New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jeannie Chin
- Memory and Brain Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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6
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Zappettini S, Faivre E, Ghestem A, Carrier S, Buée L, Blum D, Esclapez M, Bernard C. Caffeine Consumption During Pregnancy Accelerates the Development of Cognitive Deficits in Offspring in a Model of Tauopathy. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:438. [PMID: 31680863 PMCID: PMC6797851 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychoactive drugs used during pregnancy can affect the development of the brain of offspring, directly triggering neurological disorders or increasing the risk for their occurrence. Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug, including during pregnancy. In Wild type mice, early life exposure to caffeine renders offspring more susceptible to seizures. Here, we tested the long-term consequences of early life exposure to caffeine in THY-Tau22 transgenic mice, a model of Alzheimer’s disease-like Tau pathology. Caffeine exposed mutant offspring developed cognitive earlier than water treated mutants. Electrophysiological recordings of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells in vitro revealed that early life exposure to caffeine changed the way the glutamatergic and GABAergic drives were modified by the Tau pathology. We conclude that early-life exposure to caffeine affects the Tau phenotype and we suggest that caffeine exposure during pregnancy may constitute a risk-factor for early onset of Alzheimer’s disease-like pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Zappettini
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Faivre
- Inserm, CHU Lille, LabEx DISTALZ, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Antoine Ghestem
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Sébastien Carrier
- Inserm, CHU Lille, LabEx DISTALZ, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Inserm, CHU Lille, LabEx DISTALZ, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - David Blum
- Inserm, CHU Lille, LabEx DISTALZ, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Monique Esclapez
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Bernard
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
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7
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Effects of Single Cage Housing on Stress, Cognitive, and Seizure Parameters in the Rat and Mouse Pilocarpine Models of Epilepsy. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0179-18.2019. [PMID: 31331937 PMCID: PMC6709207 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0179-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Many experimental approaches require housing rodents in individual cages, including in epilepsy research. However, rats and mice are social animals; and individual housing constitutes a stressful situation. The goal of the present study was to determine the effects of individual housing as compared to conditions maintaining social contact on stress markers and epilepsy. Control male mice socially housed during pretest and then transferred to individual cages for six weeks displayed anhedonia, increased anxiety and biological markers of stress as compared to pretest values or mice kept socially housed during six weeks. Pilocarpine (pilo)-treated mice housed together showed increased levels of anhedonia, anxiety and stress markers as well as decreased cognitive performance as compared to the control group. The differences were more significant in pilo-treated mice housed individually. Anxiety correlated linearly with cognitive performance and stress markers independently of the experimental conditions. In the male rat pilo model, seizures were sixteen times more frequent in singly housed animals as compared to animals kept in pairs. Daily interactions with an experimenter in otherwise singly housed animals was sufficient to produce results identical to those found in animals kept in pairs. We propose that social isolation produces a severe phenotype in terms of stress and seizure frequency as compared to animals maintaining social contact (at least in these two models), a factor that needs to be taken into account for data interpretation, in particular for preclinical studies.
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8
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Kanner AM, Scharfman H, Jette N, Anagnostou E, Bernard C, Camfield C, Camfield P, Legg K, Dinstein I, Giacobe P, Friedman A, Pohlmann-Eden B. Epilepsy as a Network Disorder (1): What can we learn from other network disorders such as autistic spectrum disorder and mood disorders? Epilepsy Behav 2017; 77:106-113. [PMID: 29107450 PMCID: PMC9835466 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurologic condition which often occurs with other neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The relation between epilepsy and these conditions is complex. Some population-based studies have identified a bidirectional relation, whereby not only patients with epilepsy are at increased risk of suffering from some of these neurologic and psychiatric disorders (migraine, stroke, dementia, autism, depression, anxiety disorders, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and psychosis), but also patients with these conditions are at increased risk of suffering from epilepsy. The existence of common pathogenic mechanisms has been postulated as a potential explanation of this phenomenon. To reassess the relationships between neurological and psychiatric conditions in general, and specifically autism, depression, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and epilepsy, a recent meeting brought together basic researchers and clinician scientists entitled "Epilepsy as a Network Disorder." This was the fourth in a series of conferences, the "Fourth International Halifax Conference and Retreat". This manuscript summarizes the proceedings on potential relations between Epilepsy on the one hand and autism and depression on the other. A companion manuscript provides a summary of the proceedings about the relation between epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, closed by the role of translational research in clarifying these relationships. The review of the topics in these two manuscripts will provide a better understanding of the mechanisms operant in some of the common neurologic and psychiatric comorbidities of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres M. Kanner
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Room #1324, Miami, FL 33136, USA,Corresponding author. (A.M. Kanner)
| | - Helen Scharfman
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA,The Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Nathalie Jette
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Christophe Bernard
- NS – Institute de Neurosciences des Systemes, UMR INSERM 1106, Aix-Marseille Université, Equipe Physionet, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Carol Camfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Peter Camfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Karen Legg
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Halifax Infirmary, Halifax B3H4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ilan Dinstein
- Departments of Psychology and Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Peter Giacobe
- Centre for Mental Health, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Canada
| | - Alon Friedman
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel,Departments of Medical Neuroscience and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Bernd Pohlmann-Eden
- Brain Repair Center, Life Science Research Institute, Dalhousie University, Room 229, PO Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H4R2, Canada
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9
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Claverie D, Becker C, Ghestem A, Coutan M, Camus F, Bernard C, Benoliel JJ, Canini F. Low β2 Main Peak Frequency in the Electroencephalogram Signs Vulnerability to Depression. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:495. [PMID: 27853418 PMCID: PMC5090000 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: After an intense and repeated stress some rats become vulnerable to depression. This state is characterized by persistent low serum BDNF concentration. Our objective was to determine whether electrophysiological markers can sign vulnerability to depression. Methods: Forty-three Sprague Dawley rats were recorded with supradural electrodes above hippocampus and connected to wireless EEG transmitters. Twenty-nine animals experienced four daily social defeats (SD) followed by 1 month recovery. After SD, 14 rats had persistent low serum BDNF level and were considered as vulnerable (V) while the 15 others were considered as non-vulnerable (NV). EEG signals were analyzed during active waking before SD (Baseline), just after SD (Post-Stress) and 1 month after SD (Recovery). Results: We found that V animals are characterized by higher high θ and α spectral relative powers and lower β2 main peak frequency before SD. These differences are maintained at Post-Stress and Recovery for α spectral relative powers and β2 main peak frequency. Using ROC analysis, we show that low β2 main peak frequency assessed during Baseline is a good predictor of the future state of vulnerability to depression. Conclusion: Given the straightforwardness of EEG recordings, these results open the way to prospective studies in humans aiming to identify population at-risk for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Claverie
- Département Neurosciences and Contraintes Opérationnelles, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des ArméesBrétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Pierre and Marie Curie University Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-SalpêtrièreParis, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1130Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8246Paris, France
| | - Chrystel Becker
- Sorbonne Universités, Pierre and Marie Curie University Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-SalpêtrièreParis, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1130Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8246Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de MédecineParis, France
| | - Antoine Ghestem
- Aix Marseille Univ., INSERM, INS, Inst. Neurosci. Syst.Marseille, France
| | - Mathieu Coutan
- Département Neurosciences and Contraintes Opérationnelles, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des ArméesBrétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Françoise Camus
- Sorbonne Universités, Pierre and Marie Curie University Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-SalpêtrièreParis, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1130Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8246Paris, France
| | - Christophe Bernard
- Aix Marseille Univ., INSERM, INS, Inst. Neurosci. Syst.Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Benoliel
- Sorbonne Universités, Pierre and Marie Curie University Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-SalpêtrièreParis, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1130Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8246Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Biochimie Endocrinienne et OncologiqueParis, France
| | - Frédéric Canini
- Département Neurosciences and Contraintes Opérationnelles, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des ArméesBrétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Ecole du Val de GrâceParis, France
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Diagnosing and treating depression in epilepsy. Seizure 2016; 44:184-193. [PMID: 27836391 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
At least one third of patients with active epilepsy suffer from significant impairment of their emotional well-being. A targeted examination for possible depression (irrespective of any social, financial or personal burdens) can identify patients who may benefit from medical attention and therapeutic support. Reliable screening instruments such as the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E) are suitable for the timely identification of patients needing help. Neurologists should be capable of managing mild to moderate comorbid depression but referral to mental health specialists is mandatory in severe and difficult-to-treat depression, or if the patient is acutely suicidal. In terms of the therapeutic approach, it is essential first to optimize seizure control and minimize unwanted antiepileptic drug-related side effects. Psychotherapy for depression in epilepsy (including online self-treatment programs) is underutilized although it has proven effective in ten well-controlled trials. In contrast, the effectiveness of antidepressant drugs for depression in epilepsy is unknown. However, if modern antidepressants are used (e.g. SSRI, SNRI, NaSSA), concerns about an aggravation of seizures and or problematic interactions with antiepileptic drugs seem unwarranted. Epilepsy-related stress ("burden of epilepsy") explains depression in many patients but acute and temporary seizure-related states of depression or suicidality have also been reported. Limbic encephalitits may cause isolated mood alteration without any recognizable psychoetiological background indicating a possible role of neuroinflammation. This review will argue that, overall, a bio-psycho-social model best captures the currently available evidence relating to the etiology and treatment of depression as a comorbidity of epilepsy.
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