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Sun W, Xu J, Wang Z, Li D, Sun Y, Zhu M, Liu X, Li Y, Li F, Wang T, Feng N, Guo Z, Xia X, Gao Y. Clade 2.3.4.4 H5 chimeric cold-adapted attenuated influenza vaccines induced cross-reactive protection in mice and ferrets. J Virol 2023; 97:e0110123. [PMID: 37916835 PMCID: PMC10688331 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01101-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have circulated globally and caused substantial economic loss. Increasing numbers of humans have been infected with Clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 AIVs in recent years. Only a few human influenza vaccines have been licensed to date. However, the licensed live attenuated influenza virus vaccine exhibited the potential of being recombinant with the wild-type influenza A virus (IAV). Therefore, we developed a chimeric cold-adapted attenuated influenza vaccine based on the Clade 2.3.4.4 H5 AIVs. These H5 vaccines demonstrate the advantage of being non-recombinant with circulated IAVs in the future influenza vaccine study. The findings of our current study reveal that these H5 vaccines can induce cross-reactive protective efficacy in mice and ferrets. Our H5 vaccines may provide a novel option for developing human-infected Clade 2.3.4.4 H5 AIV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, College of Life Sciences,Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Menghan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiawei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuanguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Fangxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, College of Life Sciences,Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Na Feng
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhendong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Seo H, Jang Y, Kwak D. The Protective Efficacy of Single-Dose Nasal Immunization with Cold-Adapted Live-Attenuated MERS-CoV Vaccine against Lethal MERS-CoV Infections in Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1353. [PMID: 37631921 PMCID: PMC10459767 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe diseases in humans. Camels act as intermediate hosts for MERS-CoV. Currently, no licensed vaccine is available for this virus. We have developed a potential candidate vaccine for MERS-CoV using the cold adaptation method. We cultivated the vaccine in Vero cells at temperatures as low as 22 °C. This live-attenuated vaccine virus showed high attenuation levels in transgenic mice with the MERS-CoV human receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) (K18-hDPP4). The inoculated K18-hDPP4 mice exhibited no clinical signs such as death or body weight loss. Furthermore, no traces of infectious virus were observed when the tissues (nasal turbinate, brain, lung, and kidney) of the K18-hDPP4 mice infected with the cold-adapted vaccine strain were tested. A single intranasal dose of the vaccine administered to the noses of the K18-hDPP4 mice provided complete protection. We did not observe any deaths, body weight loss, or viral detection in the tissues (nasal turbinate, brain, lung, and kidney). Based on these promising results, the developed cold-adapted, attenuated MERS-CoV vaccine strain could be one of the candidates for human and animal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejeong Seo
- PioneerVaccine, Inc., Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyunpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunyueng Jang
- PioneerVaccine, Inc., Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dongmi Kwak
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyunpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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3
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Faizuloev E, Gracheva A, Korchevaya E, Smirnova D, Samoilikov R, Pankratov A, Trunova G, Khokhlova V, Ammour Y, Petrusha O, Poromov A, Leneva I, Svitich O, Zverev V. Cold-adapted SARS-CoV-2 variants with different temperature sensitivity exhibit an attenuated phenotype and confer protective immunity. Vaccine 2023; 41:892-902. [PMID: 36528447 PMCID: PMC9744683 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As novel SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern emerge, the efficacy of existing vaccines against COVID-19 is declining. A possible solution to this problem lies in the development of a live attenuated vaccine potentially able of providing cross-protective activity against a wide range of SARS-CoV-2 antigenic variants. Cold-adapted (ca) SARS-CoV-2 variants, Dubrovka-ca-B4 (D-B4) and Dubrovka-ca-D2 (D-D2), were obtained after long-term passaging of the Dubrovka (D) strain in Vero cells at reduced temperatures. Virulence, immunogenicity, and protective activity of SARS-CoV-2 variants were evaluated in experiments on intranasal infection of Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). In animal model infecting with ca variants, the absence of body weight loss, the significantly lower viral titer and viral RNA concentration in animal tissues, the less pronounced inflammatory lesions in animal lungs as compared with the D strain indicated the reduced virulence of the virus variant. Single intranasal immunization with D-B4 and D-D2 variants induced the production of neutralizing antibodies in hamsters and protected them from infection with the D strain and the development of severe pneumonia. It was shown that for ca SARS-CoV-2 variants, the temperature-sensitive (ts) phenotype was not obligate for virulence reduction. Indeed, the D-B4 variant, which did not possess the ts phenotype but had lost the ability to infect human lung cells Calu-3, exhibited reduced virulence in hamsters. Consequently, the potential phenotypic markers of attenuation of ca SARS-CoV-2 variants are the ca phenotype, the ts phenotype, and the change in species specificity of the virus. This study demonstrates the great potential of SARS-CoV-2 cold adaptation as a strategy to develop a live attenuated COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Faizuloev
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia.
| | | | | | - Daria Smirnova
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman Samoilikov
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Pankratov
- FSBI NMRRC of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina Trunova
- FSBI NMRRC of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Varvara Khokhlova
- FSBI NMRRC of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Ammour
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Petrusha
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem Poromov
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Leneva
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oxana Svitich
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), F.F. Erisman Institute of Public Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly Zverev
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), F.F. Erisman Institute of Public Health, Moscow, Russia
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Emborg HD, Vestergaard LS, Botnen AB, Nielsen J, Krause TG, Trebbien R. A late sharp increase in influenza detections and low interim vaccine effectiveness against the circulating A(H3N2) strain, Denmark, 2021/22 influenza season up to 25 March 2022. Euro Surveill 2022; 27. [PMID: 35426361 PMCID: PMC9012088 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2022.27.15.2200278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We estimated interim influenza A vaccine effectiveness (VE) following a late sharp rise in cases during an influenza A(H3N2)-dominated 2021/22 season, after lifting COVID-19 restrictions. In children aged 2–6 years offered a live attenuated influenza vaccine, adjusted VE was 62.7% (95% CI: 10.9–84.4) in hospitalised and 64.2% (95% CI: 50.5–74.1) in non-hospitalised children. In non-hospitalised patients aged 7–44 years, VE was 24.8% (95% CI: 12.8–35.2); VE was non-significant in remaining age groups and hospital/non-hospital settings.
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Landgraf G, Desheva YA, Rudenko LG. Assessment of trivalent live influenza vaccines in MDCK cell line. MethodsX 2021; 8:101442. [PMID: 34430331 PMCID: PMC8374651 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2021.101442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We applied a one-step reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (rRT-PCR) analysis using TaqMan technique to evaluate the infectious titers of vaccine strains containing in trivalent live influenza vaccines (LAIVs). The cold-adapted reassortant influenza viruses A/H1N1 pdm09, A/H3N2, B/Yamagata and B/Victoria, included in the composition of the LAIV in 2015-2016, 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 flu season were studied for reproductive activity in MDCK cells as part of a mono-vaccine and tri-vaccine. For this we have developed a set of specific primers and probes. Method validation was performed using ELISA-test after mouse monoclonal antibodies to hemagglutinin (HA) staining of MDCK monolayer. Influenza B viruses B/Yamagata and B/Victoria were studied in MDCK cells in mono-infection and coinfection with different multiplicity of infection (MOI) using quantitative rRT-PCR.•RT-PCR analysis was adjusted to assess the growth characteristics of cold-adapted reassortant influenza viruses in MDCK cell line. The greatest suppression in the composition of the tri-vaccine was exposed to the H1N1 pdm09 LAIV component.•Influenza B viruses are least suppressed in trivalent LAIV. Influenza viruses B/Yamagata and B/Victoria reproduced as part of a mixed preparation not lower, if not better than as a mono-preparation at an MOI of 0.1. At an MOI of 0.01, the reproduction of both B/Yamagata and B/Victoria in the mixture was reduced compared to mono-vaccine.•The interference of trivalent LAIV vaccine viruses in MDCK cells was minimal at low dilutions. This indicates that it is undesirable to reduce the titers of vaccine viruses, including at the stages of transportation and storage of LAIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Landgraf
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "St. Petersburg State University", St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Y A Desheva
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "St. Petersburg State University", St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - L G Rudenko
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
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Cardenas-Garcia S, Cáceres CJ, Jain A, Geiger G, Mo JS, Jasinskas A, Nakajima R, Rajao DS, Davies DH, Perez DR. FluB-RAM and FluB-RANS: Genome Rearrangement as Safe and Efficacious Live Attenuated Influenza B Virus Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9080897. [PMID: 34452022 PMCID: PMC8402576 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9080897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza B virus (IBV) is considered a major respiratory pathogen responsible for seasonal respiratory disease in humans, particularly severe in children and the elderly. Seasonal influenza vaccination is considered the most efficient strategy to prevent and control IBV infections. Live attenuated influenza virus vaccines (LAIVs) are thought to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses by mimicking a natural infection, but their effectiveness has recently come into question. Thus, the opportunity exists to find alternative approaches to improve overall influenza vaccine effectiveness. Two alternative IBV backbones were developed with rearranged genomes, rearranged M (FluB-RAM) and a rearranged NS (FluB-RANS). Both rearranged viruses showed temperature sensitivity in vitro compared with the WT type B/Bris strain, were genetically stable over multiple passages in embryonated chicken eggs and were attenuated in vivo in mice. In a prime-boost regime in naïve mice, both rearranged viruses induced antibodies against HA with hemagglutination inhibition titers considered of protective value. In addition, antibodies against NA and NP were readily detected with potential protective value. Upon lethal IBV challenge, mice previously vaccinated with either FluB-RAM or FluB-RANS were completely protected against clinical disease and mortality. In conclusion, genome re-arrangement renders efficacious LAIV candidates to protect mice against IBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stivalis Cardenas-Garcia
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (S.C.-G.); (C.J.C.); (G.G.); (J.-S.M.); (D.S.R.)
| | - C. Joaquín Cáceres
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (S.C.-G.); (C.J.C.); (G.G.); (J.-S.M.); (D.S.R.)
| | - Aarti Jain
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.J.); (A.J.); (R.N.); (D.H.D.)
| | - Ginger Geiger
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (S.C.-G.); (C.J.C.); (G.G.); (J.-S.M.); (D.S.R.)
| | - Jong-Suk Mo
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (S.C.-G.); (C.J.C.); (G.G.); (J.-S.M.); (D.S.R.)
| | - Algimantas Jasinskas
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.J.); (A.J.); (R.N.); (D.H.D.)
| | - Rie Nakajima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.J.); (A.J.); (R.N.); (D.H.D.)
| | - Daniela S. Rajao
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (S.C.-G.); (C.J.C.); (G.G.); (J.-S.M.); (D.S.R.)
| | - D. Huw Davies
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.J.); (A.J.); (R.N.); (D.H.D.)
| | - Daniel R. Perez
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (S.C.-G.); (C.J.C.); (G.G.); (J.-S.M.); (D.S.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(706)-542-5506
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Progress in the Development of Universal Influenza Vaccines. Viruses 2020; 12:v12091033. [PMID: 32957468 PMCID: PMC7551969 DOI: 10.3390/v12091033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza viruses pose a significant threat to human health. They are responsible for a large number of deaths annually and have a serious impact on the global economy. There are numerous influenza virus subtypes, antigenic variations occur continuously, and epidemic trends are difficult to predict—all of which lead to poor outcomes of routine vaccination against targeted strain subtypes. Therefore, the development of universal influenza vaccines still constitutes the ideal strategy for controlling influenza. This article reviews the progress in development of universal vaccines directed against the conserved regions of hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and other structural proteins of influenza viruses using new technologies and strategies with the goals of enhancing our understanding of universal influenza vaccines and providing a reference for research into the exploitation of natural immunity against influenza viruses.
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