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Fajac A, Simeonova I, Leemput J, Gabriel M, Morin A, Lejour V, Hamon A, Rakotopare J, Vaysse-Zinkhöfer W, Eldawra E, Pinskaya M, Morillon A, Bourdon JC, Bardot B, Toledo F. Mutant mice lacking alternatively spliced p53 isoforms unveil Ackr4 as a male-specific prognostic factor in Myc-driven B-cell lymphomas. eLife 2024; 13:RP92774. [PMID: 39298333 PMCID: PMC11412721 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The Trp53 gene encodes several isoforms of elusive biological significance. Here, we show that mice lacking the Trp53 alternatively spliced (AS) exon, thereby expressing the canonical p53 protein but not isoforms with the AS C-terminus, have unexpectedly lost a male-specific protection against Myc-induced B-cell lymphomas. Lymphomagenesis was delayed in Trp53+/+Eμ-Myc males compared to Trp53ΔAS/ΔAS Eμ-Myc males, but also compared to Trp53+/+Eμ-Myc and Trp53ΔAS/ΔAS Eμ-Myc females. Pre-tumoral splenic cells from Trp53+/+Eμ-Myc males exhibited a higher expression of Ackr4, encoding an atypical chemokine receptor with tumor suppressive effects. We identified Ackr4 as a p53 target gene whose p53-mediated transactivation is inhibited by estrogens, and as a male-specific factor of good prognosis relevant for murine Eμ-Myc-induced and human Burkitt lymphomas. Furthermore, the knockout of ACKR4 increased the chemokine-guided migration of Burkitt lymphoma cells. These data demonstrate the functional relevance of alternatively spliced p53 isoforms and reveal sex disparities in Myc-driven lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Fajac
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut CurieParisFrance
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Iva Simeonova
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut CurieParisFrance
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Julia Leemput
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut CurieParisFrance
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Marc Gabriel
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
- Non Coding RNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, Institut CurieParisFrance
| | - Aurélie Morin
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut CurieParisFrance
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Vincent Lejour
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut CurieParisFrance
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Annaïg Hamon
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut CurieParisFrance
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Jeanne Rakotopare
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut CurieParisFrance
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Wilhelm Vaysse-Zinkhöfer
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut CurieParisFrance
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Eliana Eldawra
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut CurieParisFrance
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Marina Pinskaya
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
- Non Coding RNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, Institut CurieParisFrance
| | - Antonin Morillon
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
- School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital, University of DundeeDundeeUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Boris Bardot
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut CurieParisFrance
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Franck Toledo
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut CurieParisFrance
- CNRS UMR3244ParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance
- PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
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2
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Wang J, Liu W, Huang Y, Wang G, Guo X, Shi D, Sun T, Xiao C, Zhang C, Jiang B, Guo Y, Li J. A Senomorphlytic Three-Drug Combination Discovered in Salsola collina for Delaying Aging Phenotypes and Extending Healthspan. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401862. [PMID: 39073681 PMCID: PMC11423240 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of pharmacological interventions in aging aims focuses on maximizing safety and efficacy, prompting an exploration of natural products endowed with inherent medicinal properties. Subsequently, this work establishes a unique library of plant extracts sourced from Yunnan Province, China. Screening of this herbal library herein revealed that Salsola collina (JM10001) notably enhances both lifespan and healthspan in C. elegans. Further analysis via network pharmacology indicates that the p53 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in mediating the anti-aging effects of JM10001. Additionally, this work identifies that a composition, designated as JM10101 and comprising three chemical constituents of JM10001, preserves the original lifespan-extending activity in C. elegans. Both JM10001 and JM10101 mitigate aging symptoms in senescence-accelerated mice treated with doxorubicin and in naturally aged mice. Notably, JM10101 exhibits a more sophisticated senomorphlytic role encompassing both senomorphic and senolytic functions than JM10001 in the modulation of senescent cells, offering a promising strategy for the discovery of combination drugs in the rational development of anti-aging therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell MetabolismFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug DesignSchool of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesHainan UniversityHaikou570228China
| | - Yunyuan Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative BiologySchool of Life SciencesCentral China Normal UniversityWuhanHubei430079China
| | - Guangwei Wang
- School of Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of EducationNorthwest UniversityXi'an710127China
| | - Xiaobo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell MetabolismFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug DesignSchool of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China
| | - Donglei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesHainan UniversityHaikou570228China
| | - Tianyue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell MetabolismFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug DesignSchool of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China
| | - Chaojiang Xiao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti‐pathogenic Plant Resources from Western Yunnan, Institute of Materia Medica & College of PharmacyDali UniversityDaliYunnan671000China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell MetabolismFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug DesignSchool of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti‐pathogenic Plant Resources from Western Yunnan, Institute of Materia Medica & College of PharmacyDali UniversityDaliYunnan671000China
| | - Yuan Guo
- School of Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of EducationNorthwest UniversityXi'an710127China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell MetabolismFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug DesignSchool of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesHainan UniversityHaikou570228China
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and UtilizationMinistry of EducationSchool of PharmacyShihezi UniversityShihezi832003China
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3
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Osbourne R, Thayer KM. Structural and mechanistic diversity in p53-mediated regulation of organismal longevity across taxonomical orders. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.05.606567. [PMID: 39149312 PMCID: PMC11326148 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.05.606567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of senescent cells induces several aging phenotypes, and the p53 tumor suppressor protein regulates one of the two known cellular senescence pathways. p53's regulation of senescence is however not clear. For example, p53 deficiency in some mice has been shown to rescue premature aging while others display significant aging phenotype when p53-deficient. This study seeks to elucidate, structurally and mechanistically, p53's roles in longevity. Through a relative evolutionary scoring (RES) algorithm, we quantify the level of evolutionary change in the residues of p53 across organisms of varying average lifespans in six taxonomic orders. Secondly, we used PEPPI to assess the likelihood of interaction between p53-or p53-linked proteins-and known senescence-regulating proteins across organisms in the orders Primates and Perciformes. Our RES algorithm found variations in the alignments within and across orders, suggesting that mechanisms of p53-mediated regulation of longevity may vary. PEPPI results suggest that longer-lived species may have evolved to regulate induction and inhibition of cellular senescence better than their shorter-lived counterparts. With experimental verification, these predictions could help elucidate the mechanisms of p53-mediated cellular senescence, ultimately clarifying our understanding of p53's connection to aging in a multiple-species context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romani Osbourne
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, United States of America
- College of Integrative Sciences, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Kelly M. Thayer
- College of Integrative Sciences, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, United States of America
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Guo Y, Wu H, Wiesmüller L, Chen M. Canonical and non-canonical functions of p53 isoforms: potentiating the complexity of tumor development and therapy resistance. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:412. [PMID: 38866752 PMCID: PMC11169513 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06783-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Full-length p53 (p53α) plays a pivotal role in maintaining genomic integrity and preventing tumor development. Over the years, p53 was found to exist in various isoforms, which are generated through alternative splicing, alternative initiation of translation, and internal ribosome entry site. p53 isoforms, either C-terminally altered or N-terminally truncated, exhibit distinct biological roles compared to p53α, and have significant implications for tumor development and therapy resistance. Due to a lack of part and/or complete C- or N-terminal domains, ectopic expression of some p53 isoforms failed to induce expression of canonical transcriptional targets of p53α like CDKN1A or MDM2, even though they may bind their promoters. Yet, p53 isoforms like Δ40p53α still activate subsets of targets including MDM2 and BAX. Furthermore, certain p53 isoforms transactivate even novel targets compared to p53α. More recently, non-canonical functions of p53α in DNA repair and of different isoforms in DNA replication unrelated to transcriptional activities were discovered, amplifying the potential of p53 as a master regulator of physiological and tumor suppressor functions in human cells. Both regarding canonical and non-canonical functions, alternative p53 isoforms frequently exert dominant negative effects on p53α and its partners, which is modified by the relative isoform levels. Underlying mechanisms include hetero-oligomerization, changes in subcellular localization, and aggregation. These processes ultimately influence the net activities of p53α and give rise to diverse cellular outcomes. Biological roles of p53 isoforms have implications for tumor development and cancer therapy resistance. Dysregulated expression of isoforms has been observed in various cancer types and is associated with different clinical outcomes. In conclusion, p53 isoforms have expanded our understanding of the complex regulatory network involving p53 in tumors. Unraveling the mechanisms underlying the biological roles of p53 isoforms provides new avenues for studies aiming at a better understanding of tumor development and developing therapeutic interventions to overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hang Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lisa Wiesmüller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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5
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Liu Y, Su Z, Tavana O, Gu W. Understanding the complexity of p53 in a new era of tumor suppression. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:946-967. [PMID: 38729160 PMCID: PMC11190820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
p53 was discovered 45 years ago as an SV40 large T antigen binding protein, coded by the most frequently mutated TP53 gene in human cancers. As a transcription factor, p53 is tightly regulated by a rich network of post-translational modifications to execute its diverse functions in tumor suppression. Although early studies established p53-mediated cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence as the classic barriers in cancer development, a growing number of new functions of p53 have been discovered and the scope of p53-mediated anti-tumor activity is largely expanded. Here, we review the complexity of different layers of p53 regulation, and the recent advance of the p53 pathway in metabolism, ferroptosis, immunity, and others that contribute to tumor suppression. We also discuss the challenge regarding how to activate p53 function specifically effective in inhibiting tumor growth without harming normal homeostasis for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Liu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhenyi Su
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Omid Tavana
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Gu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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6
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Huang Y, Che X, Wang PW, Qu X. p53/MDM2 signaling pathway in aging, senescence and tumorigenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 101:44-57. [PMID: 38762096 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
A wealth of evidence has emerged that there is an association between aging, senescence and tumorigenesis. Senescence, a biological process by which cells cease to divide and enter a status of permanent cell cycle arrest, contributes to aging and aging-related diseases, including cancer. Aging populations have the higher incidence of cancer due to a lifetime of exposure to cancer-causing agents, reduction of repairing DNA damage, accumulated genetic mutations, and decreased immune system efficiency. Cancer patients undergoing cytotoxic therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, accelerate aging. There is growing evidence that p53/MDM2 (murine double minute 2) axis is critically involved in regulation of aging, senescence and oncogenesis. Therefore, in this review, we describe the functions and mechanisms of p53/MDM2-mediated senescence, aging and carcinogenesis. Moreover, we highlight the small molecular inhibitors, natural compounds and PROTACs (proteolysis targeting chimeras) that target p53/MDM2 pathway to influence aging and cancer. Modification of p53/MDM2 could be a potential strategy for treatment of aging, senescence and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyi Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Provincial key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Clinical Cancer Research Center of Shenyang, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China
| | - Xiaofang Che
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Provincial key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Clinical Cancer Research Center of Shenyang, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China
| | - Peter W Wang
- Department of Medicine, Oasis Medical Research Center, Watertown, MA 02472, USA.
| | - Xiujuan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Provincial key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Clinical Cancer Research Center of Shenyang, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China.
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7
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Hasan T, Pasala AR, Hassan D, Hanotaux J, Allan DS, Maganti HB. Homing and Engraftment of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Following Transplantation: A Pre-Clinical Perspective. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:603-616. [PMID: 38392038 PMCID: PMC10888387 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem-cell (HSC) transplantation (HSCT) is used to treat various hematologic disorders. Use of genetically modified mouse models of hematopoietic cell transplantation has been critical in our fundamental understanding of HSC biology and in developing approaches for human patients. Pre-clinical studies in animal models provide insight into the journey of transplanted HSCs from infusion to engraftment in bone-marrow (BM) niches. Various signaling molecules and growth factors secreted by HSCs and the niche microenvironment play critical roles in homing and engraftment of the transplanted cells. The sustained equilibrium of these chemical and biologic factors ensures that engrafted HSCs generate healthy and durable hematopoiesis. Transplanted healthy HSCs compete with residual host cells to repopulate stem-cell niches in the marrow. Stem-cell niches, in particular, can be altered by the effects of previous treatments, aging, and the paracrine effects of leukemic cells, which create inhospitable bone-marrow niches that are unfavorable for healthy hematopoiesis. More work to understand how stem-cell niches can be restored to favor normal hematopoiesis may be key to reducing leukemic relapses following transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvir Hasan
- Canadian Blood Services, Stem Cells and Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, ON K1G 4J5, Canada; (T.H.); (A.R.P.); (D.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Ajay Ratan Pasala
- Canadian Blood Services, Stem Cells and Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, ON K1G 4J5, Canada; (T.H.); (A.R.P.); (D.H.); (J.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Dhuha Hassan
- Canadian Blood Services, Stem Cells and Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, ON K1G 4J5, Canada; (T.H.); (A.R.P.); (D.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Justine Hanotaux
- Canadian Blood Services, Stem Cells and Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, ON K1G 4J5, Canada; (T.H.); (A.R.P.); (D.H.); (J.H.)
| | - David S. Allan
- Canadian Blood Services, Stem Cells and Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, ON K1G 4J5, Canada; (T.H.); (A.R.P.); (D.H.); (J.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology & Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
| | - Harinad B. Maganti
- Canadian Blood Services, Stem Cells and Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, ON K1G 4J5, Canada; (T.H.); (A.R.P.); (D.H.); (J.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
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8
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Lampart A, Krowarsch D, Biadun M, Sorensen V, Szymczyk J, Sluzalska K, Wiedlocha A, Otlewski J, Zakrzewska M. Intracellular FGF1 protects cells from apoptosis through direct interaction with p53. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:311. [PMID: 37783936 PMCID: PMC10545594 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04964-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) acts by activating specific tyrosine kinase receptors on the cell surface. In addition to this classical mode of action, FGF1 also exhibits intracellular activity. Recently, we found that FGF1 translocated into the cell interior exhibits anti-apoptotic activity independent of receptor activation and downstream signaling. Here, we show that expression of FGF1 increases the survival of cells treated with various apoptosis inducers, but only when wild-type p53 is present. The p53-negative cells were not protected by either ectopically expressed or translocated FGF1. We also confirmed the requirement of p53 for the anti-apoptotic intracellular activity of FGF1 by silencing p53, resulting in loss of the protective effect of FGF1. In contrast, in p53-negative cells, intracellular FGF1 regained its anti-apoptotic properties after transfection with wild-type p53. We also found that FGF1 directly interacts with p53 in cells and that the binding region is located in the DBD domain of p53. We therefore postulate that intracellular FGF1 protects cells from apoptosis by directly interacting with p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Lampart
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Krowarsch
- Department of Protein Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Martyna Biadun
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Protein Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Vigdis Sorensen
- Advanced Light Microscopy Core Facility, Dept. Core Facilities, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jakub Szymczyk
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sluzalska
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Antoni Wiedlocha
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jacek Otlewski
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zakrzewska
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
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9
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Holloway K, Neherin K, Dam KU, Zhang H. Cellular senescence and neurodegeneration. Hum Genet 2023; 142:1247-1262. [PMID: 37115318 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Advancing age is a major risk factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The worldwide prevalence of AD is approximately 50 million people, and this number is projected to increase substantially. The molecular mechanisms underlying the aging-associated susceptibility to cognitive impairment in AD are largely unknown. As a hallmark of aging, cellular senescence is a significant contributor to aging and age-related diseases including AD. Senescent neurons and glial cells have been detected to accumulate in the brains of AD patients and mouse models. Importantly, selective elimination of senescent cells ameliorates amyloid beta and tau pathologies and improves cognition in AD mouse models, indicating a critical role of cellular senescence in AD pathogenesis. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underlying when and how cellular senescence contributes to AD pathogenesis remain unclear. This review provides an overview of cellular senescence and discusses recent advances in the understanding of the impact of cellular senescence on AD pathogenesis, with brief discussions of the possible role of cellular senescence in other neurodegenerative diseases including Down syndrome, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher Holloway
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Kashfia Neherin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Kha Uyen Dam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
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10
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Huang X, Zhao Y, Wei M, Zhuge R, Zheng X. hCINAP alleviates senescence by regulating MDM2 via p14ARF and the HDAC1/CoREST complex. J Mol Cell Biol 2023; 15:mjad015. [PMID: 36881716 PMCID: PMC10476552 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a major process affected by multiple signals and coordinated by a complex signal response network. Identification of novel regulators of cellular senescence and elucidation of their molecular mechanisms will aid in the discovery of new treatment strategies for aging-related diseases. In the present study, we identified human coilin-interacting nuclear ATPase protein (hCINAP) as a negative regulator of aging. Depletion of cCINAP significantly shortened the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans and accelerated primary cell aging. Moreover, mCINAP deletion markedly promoted organismal aging and stimulated senescence-associated secretory phenotype in the skeletal muscle and liver from mouse models of radiation-induced senescence. Mechanistically, hCINAP functions through regulating MDM2 status by distinct mechanisms. On the one hand, hCINAP decreases p53 stability by attenuating the interaction between p14ARF and MDM2; on the other hand, hCINAP promotes MDM2 transcription via inhibiting the deacetylation of H3K9ac in the MDM2 promoter by hindering the HDAC1/CoREST complex integrity. Collectively, our data demonstrate that hCINAP is a negative regulator of aging and provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Min Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ruipeng Zhuge
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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11
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Pal A, Ghosh PK, Das S. The "LINC" between Δ40p53-miRNA Axis in the Regulation of Cellular Homeostasis. Mol Cell Biol 2023; 43:335-353. [PMID: 37283188 PMCID: PMC10348045 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2023.2213147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that Δ40p53, the translational isoform of p53, can inhibit cell growth independently of p53 by regulating microRNAs. Here, we explored the role of Δ40p53 in regulating the long noncoding RNA-micro-RNA-cellular process axis, specifically focusing on LINC00176. Interestingly, LINC00176 levels were predominantly affected by the overexpression/stress-mediated induction and knockdown of Δ40p53 rather than p53 levels. Additional assays revealed that Δ40p53 transactivates LINC00176 transcriptionally and could also regulate its stability. RNA immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that LINC00176 sequesters several putative microRNA targets, which could further titrate several mRNA targets involved in different cellular processes. To understand the downstream effects of this regulation, we ectopically overexpressed and knocked down LINC00176 in HCT116 p53-/- (harboring only Δ40p53) cells, which affected their proliferation, cell viability, and expression of epithelial markers. Our results provide essential insights into the pivotal role of Δ40p53 in regulating the novel LINC00176 RNA-microRNA-mRNA axis independent of FL-p53 and in maintaining cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apala Pal
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Pritam Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Saumitra Das
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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12
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Xiao Y, Cai G, Feng X, Li Y, Guo W, Guo Q, Huang Y, Su T, Li C, Luo X, Zheng Y, Yang M. Splicing factor YBX1 regulates bone marrow stromal cell fate during aging. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111762. [PMID: 36943004 PMCID: PMC10152142 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence and altered differentiation potential of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) lead to age-related bone loss. As an important posttranscriptional regulatory pathway, alternative splicing (AS) regulates the diversity of gene expression and has been linked to induction of cellular senescence. However, the role of splicing factors in BMSCs during aging remains poorly defined. Herein, we found that the expression of the splicing factor Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) in BMSCs decreased with aging in mice and humans. YBX1 deficiency resulted in mis-splicing in genes linked to BMSC osteogenic differentiation and senescence, such as Fn1, Nrp2, Sirt2, Sp7, and Spp1, thus contributing to BMSC senescence and differentiation shift during aging. Deletion of Ybx1 in BMSCs accelerated bone loss in mice, while its overexpression stimulated bone formation. Finally, we identified a small compound, sciadopitysin, which attenuated the degradation of YBX1 and bone loss in old mice. Our study demonstrated that YBX1 governs cell fate of BMSCs via fine control of RNA splicing and provides a potential therapeutic target for age-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Guang‐Ping Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yu‐Jue Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Wan‐Hui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Tian Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Chang‐Jun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiang‐Hang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
| | - Yong‐Jun Zheng
- Department of Burn SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Mi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
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13
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Steffens Reinhardt L, Groen K, Newton C, Avery-Kiejda KA. The role of truncated p53 isoforms in the DNA damage response. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188882. [PMID: 36977456 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
The tumour suppressor p53 is activated following genotoxic stress and regulates the expression of target genes involved in the DNA damage response (DDR). The discovery that p53 isoforms alter the transcription of p53 target genes or p53 protein interactions unveiled an alternative DDR. This review will focus on the role p53 isoforms play in response to DNA damage. The expression of the C-terminally truncated p53 isoforms may be modulated via DNA damage-induced alternative splicing, whereas alternative translation plays an important role in modulating the expression of N-terminally truncated isoforms. The DDR induced by p53 isoforms may enhance the canonical p53 DDR or block cell death mechanisms in a DNA damage- and cell-specific manner, which could contribute to chemoresistance in a cancer context. Thus, a better understanding of the involvement of p53 isoforms in the cell fate decisions could uncover potential therapeutic targets in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Steffens Reinhardt
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Kira Groen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Cheryl Newton
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Kelly A Avery-Kiejda
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
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14
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Fusée L, Salomao N, Ponnuswamy A, Wang L, López I, Chen S, Gu X, Polyzoidis S, Vadivel Gnanasundram S, Fahraeus R. The p53 endoplasmic reticulum stress-response pathway evolved in humans but not in mice via PERK-regulated p53 mRNA structures. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1072-1081. [PMID: 36813920 PMCID: PMC10070458 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular stress conditions activate p53-dependent pathways to counteract the inflicted damage. To achieve the required functional diversity, p53 is subjected to numerous post-translational modifications and the expression of isoforms. Little is yet known how p53 has evolved to respond to different stress pathways. The p53 isoform p53/47 (p47 or ΔNp53) is linked to aging and neural degeneration and is expressed in human cells via an alternative cap-independent translation initiation from the 2nd in-frame AUG at codon 40 (+118) during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Despite an AUG codon in the same location, the mouse p53 mRNA does not express the corresponding isoform in either human or mouse-derived cells. High-throughput in-cell RNA structure probing shows that p47 expression is attributed to PERK kinase-dependent structural alterations in the human p53 mRNA, independently of eIF2α. These structural changes do not take place in murine p53 mRNA. Surprisingly, PERK response elements required for the p47 expression are located downstream of the 2nd AUG. The data show that the human p53 mRNA has evolved to respond to PERK-mediated regulation of mRNA structures in order to control p47 expression. The findings highlight how p53 mRNA co-evolved with the function of the encoded protein to specify p53-activities under different cellular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Fusée
- Inserm U1131, 27 Rue Juliette Dodu, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Norman Salomao
- Inserm U1131, 27 Rue Juliette Dodu, 75010, Paris, France
| | | | - Lixiao Wang
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umea University, 90185, Umea, Sweden
| | - Ignacio López
- Biochemistry-Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sa Chen
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umea University, 90185, Umea, Sweden
| | - Xiaolian Gu
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umea University, 90185, Umea, Sweden
| | - Stavros Polyzoidis
- Department of Neurosurgery, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Robin Fahraeus
- Inserm U1131, 27 Rue Juliette Dodu, 75010, Paris, France. .,Department of Medical Biosciences, Umea University, 90185, Umea, Sweden. .,RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 65653, Brno, Czech Republic.
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15
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López-Iniesta MJ, Parkar SN, Ramalho AC, Lacerda R, Costa IF, Zhao J, Romão L, Candeias MM. Conserved Double Translation Initiation Site for Δ160p53 Protein Hints at Isoform's Key Role in Mammalian Physiology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415844. [PMID: 36555484 PMCID: PMC9779343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
p53 is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancers. Two fundamental reasons for this are its long protein isoforms protect from cancer, while its shorter C-terminal isoforms can support cancer and metastasis. Previously, we have shown that the Δ160p53 protein isoform enhances survival and the invasive character of cancer cells. Here, we identified a translation initiation site nine codons downstream of codon 160-the known initiation codon for the translation of Δ160p53-that is recognized by the translation machinery. When translation failed to initiate from AUG160 due to mutation, it initiated from AUG169 instead, producing similar levels of a similar protein, Δ169p53, which promoted cell survival as efficiently as Δ160p53 following DNA damage. Interestingly, almost all mammalian species with an orthologue to human AUG160 also possess one for AUG169, while none of the non-mammalian species lacking AUG160 have AUG169, even if that region of the p53 gene is well conserved. In view of our findings, we do not believe that Δ169p53 acts as a different p53 protein isoform; instead, we propose that the double translation initiation site strengthens the translation of these products with a critical role in cell homeostasis. Future studies will help verify if this is a more general mechanism for the expression of essential proteins in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José López-Iniesta
- MaRCU—Molecular and RNA Cancer Unit, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shrutee N. Parkar
- MaRCU—Molecular and RNA Cancer Unit, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ana Catarina Ramalho
- MaRCU—Molecular and RNA Cancer Unit, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratory of Cancer cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rafaela Lacerda
- MaRCU—Molecular and RNA Cancer Unit, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês F. Costa
- MaRCU—Molecular and RNA Cancer Unit, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- MaRCU—Molecular and RNA Cancer Unit, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Luísa Romão
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marco M. Candeias
- MaRCU—Molecular and RNA Cancer Unit, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-(0)75-753-9297
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16
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Priami C, Montariello D, De Michele G, Ruscitto F, Polazzi A, Ronzoni S, Bertalot G, Binelli G, Gambino V, Luzi L, Mapelli M, Giorgio M, Migliaccio E, Pelicci PG. Aberrant activation of p53/p66Shc-mInsc axis increases asymmetric divisions and attenuates proliferation of aged mammary stem cells. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:2429-2444. [PMID: 35739253 PMCID: PMC9751089 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by the progressive decline in tissue regenerative capacity and functions of resident stem cells (SCs). Underlying mechanisms, however, remain unclear. Here we show that, during chronological aging, self-renewing mitoses of mammary SCs (MaSCs) are preferentially asymmetric and that their progeny divides less frequently, leading to decreased number of MaSCs and reduced regenerative potential. Underlying mechanisms are investigated in the p66Shc-/- mouse, which exhibits several features of delayed aging, including reduced involution of the mammary gland (MG). p66Shc is a mitochondrial redox sensor that activates a specific p53 transcriptional program, in which the aging-associated p44 isoform of p53 plays a pivotal role. We report here that aged p66Shc-/- MaSCs show increased symmetric divisions, increased proliferation and increased regenerative potential, to an extent reminiscent of young wild-type (WT) MaSCs. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that p66Shc, together with p53: (i) accumulates in the aged MG, (ii) sustains expression of the cell polarity determinant mInscuteable and, concomitantly, (iii) down-regulates critical cell cycle genes (e.g.,: Cdk1 and Cyclin A). Accordingly, overexpression of p53/p44 increases asymmetric divisions and decreases proliferation of young WT MaSCs in a p66Shc-dependent manner and overexpression of mInsc restores WT-like levels of asymmetric divisions in aged p66Shc-/- MaSCs. Notably, deletion of p66Shc has negligible effects in young MaSCs and MG development. These results demonstrate that MG aging is due to aberrant activation of p66Shc, which induces p53/p44 signaling, leading to failure of symmetric divisions, decreased proliferation and reduced regenerative potential of MaSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Priami
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Montariello
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia De Michele
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Ruscitto
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Polazzi
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Ronzoni
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bertalot
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
- U.O.M. Anatomia ed Istologia Patologica, Ospedale Santa Chiara, Largo Medaglie d'Oro 9, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Giorgio Binelli
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Valentina Gambino
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Santa Sofia 9, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucilla Luzi
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Mapelli
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Giorgio
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Enrica Migliaccio
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Santa Sofia 9, 20142, Milan, Italy.
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17
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Camels' biological fluids contained nanobodies: promising avenue in cancer therapy. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:279. [PMID: 36071488 PMCID: PMC9449263 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major health concern and accounts for one of the main causes of death worldwide. Innovative strategies are needed to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of different types of cancers. Recently, there has been an evolving interest in utilizing nanobodies of camel origin as therapeutic tools against cancer. Nanotechnology uses nanobodies an emerging attractive field that provides promises to researchers in advancing different scientific sectors including medicine and oncology. Nanobodies are characteristically small-sized biologics featured with the ability for deep tissue penetration and dissemination and harbour high stability at high pH and temperatures. The current review highlights the potential use of nanobodies that are naturally secreted in camels’ biological fluids, both milk and urine, in the development of nanotechnology-based therapy for treating different typesQuery of cancers and other diseases. Moreover, the role of nano proteomics in the invention of novel therapeutic agents specifically used for cancer intervention is also illustrated.
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18
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Hou X, Wei Z, Zouboulis CC, Ju Q. Aging in the sebaceous gland. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:909694. [PMID: 36060807 PMCID: PMC9428133 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.909694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sebaceous glands (SGs) originate from hair follicular stem cells and secrete lipids to lubricate the skin. The coordinated effects of intrinsic and extrinsic aging factors generate degradation of SGs at a late age. Senescence of SGs could be a mirror of the late aging of both the human body and skin. The procedure of SG aging goes over an initial SG hyperplasia at light-exposed skin areas to end with SG atrophy, decreased sebum secretion, and altered sebum composition, which is related to skin dryness, lack of brightness, xerosis, roughness, desquamation, and pruritus. During differentiation and aging of SGs, many signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, c-Myc, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and p53 pathways, are involved. Random processes lead to random cell and DNA damage due to the production of free radicals during the lifespan and neuroendocrine system alterations. Extrinsic factors include sunlight exposure (photoaging), environmental pollution, and cigarette smoking, which can directly activate signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, AhR, and p53 pathways, and are probably associated with the de-differentiation and hyperplasia of SGs, or indirectly activate the abovementioned signaling pathways by elevating the inflammation level. The production of ROS during intrinsic SG aging is less, the signaling pathways are activated slowly and mildly, and sebocytes are still differentiated, yet terminal differentiation is not completed. With extrinsic factors, relevant signaling pathways are activated rapidly and fiercely, thus inhibiting the differentiation of progenitor sebocytes and even inducing the differentiation of progenitor sebocytes into keratinocytes. The management of SG aging is also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Hou
- Department of Dermatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
- Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ziyu Wei
- Genetic Skin Disease Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
- *Correspondence: Christos C Zouboulis, ; Qiang Ju,
| | - Qiang Ju
- Department of Dermatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Christos C Zouboulis, ; Qiang Ju,
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19
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Lee S, Jung Park M, Joo Lee H, Kil Joo J, Soo Suh D, Un Choi K, Hyung Kim K, Chul Kim S. Decreased expression of caveolin-1 have relevance to promoted senescence in preeclamptic placenta. Pregnancy Hypertens 2022; 30:59-67. [PMID: 36007380 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the association between altered expression of caveolin-1 and p53/p21, as indicatives of cellular senescence, in preeclamptic placenta. STUDY DESIGN Placental tissues and serum were collected from rats (Sham and reduced uterine perfusion pressure group) at 18.5 days post coitum and humans (normotensive pregnant and preeclampsia groups). The concentration and expression of caveolin-1 were measured in the collected tissues, and the correlation between p53 and p21 expression was evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Placental mRNA expression and serum concentration of caveolin-1 were measured using qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Altered expressions of caveolin-1 and p53/p21 were revealed and quantified by immunohistochemistry. The association between these changes was investigated using correlation analysis. RESULTS Placental mRNA expressions and serum concentrations of caveolin-1 were significantly decreased in reduced uterine perfusion pressure and preeclampsia groups. The expressions of caveolin-1 and p53/ p21 were significantly altered in placenta complicated with preeclampsia. Correlation analysis revealed a significant inverse association between changes in caveolin-1 and p53/p21. Subsequently, these results were obtained by investigating the preeclampsia onset time. CONCLUSION These results revealed that the expression of caveolin-1 profoundly decreases in the placenta and serum of preeclampsia. These factors contribute to the mechanism of accelerated cellular senescence in placenta, which is one of the various etiologies of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sul Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Park
- The Korea Institute for Public Sperm Bank, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kil Joo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Soo Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Un Choi
- Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Chul Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Wagner KD, Wagner N. The Senescence Markers p16INK4A, p14ARF/p19ARF, and p21 in Organ Development and Homeostasis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121966. [PMID: 35741095 PMCID: PMC9221567 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that senescent cells accumulate with aging. They are characterized by replicative arrest and the release of a myriad of factors commonly called the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Despite the replicative cell cycle arrest, these cells are metabolically active and functional. The release of SASP factors is mostly thought to cause tissue dysfunction and to induce senescence in surrounding cells. As major markers for aging and senescence, p16INK4, p14ARF/p19ARF, and p21 are established. Importantly, senescence is also implicated in development, cancer, and tissue homeostasis. While many markers of senescence have been identified, none are able to unambiguously identify all senescent cells. However, increased levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16INK4A and p21 are often used to identify cells with senescence-associated phenotypes. We review here the knowledge of senescence, p16INK4A, p14ARF/p19ARF, and p21 in embryonic and postnatal development and potential functions in pathophysiology and homeostasis. The establishment of senolytic therapies with the ultimate goal to improve healthy aging requires care and detailed knowledge about the involvement of senescence and senescence-associated proteins in developmental processes and homeostatic mechanism. The review contributes to these topics, summarizes open questions, and provides some directions for future research.
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21
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The p53 network: cellular and systemic DNA damage responses in cancer and aging. Trends Genet 2022; 38:598-612. [PMID: 35346511 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tumor protein TP53 gene, encoding the cellular tumor antigen p53, is the single most frequently mutated gene in human cancers. p53 plays a central role in responding to DNA damage and determines the outcome of the DNA damage checkpoint response by regulating cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. As a consequence of this function, dysfunctional p53 results in cells that, despite a damaged genome, continue to proliferate thus fueling malignant transformation. New insights have recently been gained into the complexity of the p53 regulation of the DNA damage response (DDR) and how it impacts a wide variety of cellular processes. In addition to cell-autonomous signaling mechanisms, non-cell-autonomous regulatory inputs influence p53 activity, which in turn can have systemic consequences on the organism. New inroads have also been made toward therapeutic targeting of p53 that for a long time has been anticipated.
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22
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Supplementation of Enriched Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and CLA Cheese on High Fat Diet: Effects on Lipid Metabolism and Fat Profile. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030398. [PMID: 35159548 PMCID: PMC8834222 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a positive relationship between dietary fat intake and the onset of several metabolic diseases. This association is particularly evident in a diet rich in saturated fatty acids, typical of animal foods, such as dairy products. However, these foods are the main source of fatty acids with a proven nutraceutical effect, such as the ω-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid (ALA) and the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which have demonstrated important roles in the prevention of various diseases. In the present study, the effect of a supplementation with cheese enriched with ω-3 fatty acids and CLA on the metabolism and lipid profiles of C57bl/6 mice was evaluated. In particular, the analyses were conducted on different tissues, such as liver, muscle, adipose tissue and brain, known for their susceptibility to the effects of dietary fats. Supplementing cheese enriched in CLA and ω-3 fats reduced the level of saturated fat and increased the content of CLA and ALA in all tissues considered, except for the brain. Furthermore, the consumption of this cheese resulted in a tissue-specific response in the expression levels of genes involved in lipid and mitochondrial metabolism. As regards genes involved in the inflammatory response, the consumption of enriched cheese resulted in a reduction in the expression of inflammatory genes in all tissues analyzed. Considering the effects that chronic inflammation associated with a high-calorie and high-fat diet (meta-inflammation) or aging (inflammaging) has on the onset of chronic degenerative diseases, these data could be of great interest as they indicate the feasibility of modulating inflammation (thus avoiding/delaying these pathologies) with a nutritional and non-pharmacological intervention.
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Bin-Jumah MN, Nadeem MS, Gilani SJ, Al-Abbasi FA, Ullah I, Alzarea SI, Ghoneim MM, Alshehri S, Uddin A, Murtaza BN, Kazmi I. Genes and Longevity of Lifespan. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1499. [PMID: 35163422 PMCID: PMC8836117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex process indicated by low energy levels, declined physiological activity, stress induced loss of homeostasis leading to the risk of diseases and mortality. Recent developments in medical sciences and an increased availability of nutritional requirements has significantly increased the average human lifespan worldwide. Several environmental and physiological factors contribute to the aging process. However, about 40% human life expectancy is inherited among generations, many lifespan associated genes, genetic mechanisms and pathways have been demonstrated during last decades. In the present review, we have evaluated many human genes and their non-human orthologs established for their role in the regulation of lifespan. The study has included more than fifty genes reported in the literature for their contributions to the longevity of life. Intact genomic DNA is essential for the life activities at the level of cell, tissue, and organ. Nucleic acids are vulnerable to oxidative stress, chemotherapies, and exposure to radiations. Efficient DNA repair mechanisms are essential for the maintenance of genomic integrity, damaged DNA is not replicated and transferred to next generations rather the presence of deleterious DNA initiates signaling cascades leading to the cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. DNA modifications, DNA methylation, histone methylation, histone acetylation and DNA damage can eventually lead towards apoptosis. The importance of calorie restriction therapy in the extension of lifespan has also been discussed. The role of pathways involved in the regulation of lifespan such as DAF-16/FOXO (forkhead box protein O1), TOR and JNK pathways has also been particularized. The study provides an updated account of genetic factors associated with the extended lifespan and their interactive contributory role with cellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Nasser Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
- Environment and Biomaterial Unit, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sadaf Jamal Gilani
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Inam Ullah
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aziz Uddin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan;
| | - Bibi Nazia Murtaza
- Department of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Abbottabad 22310, Pakistan;
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
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24
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Guo J, Chiang WC. Mitophagy in aging and longevity. IUBMB Life 2021; 74:296-316. [PMID: 34889504 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The clearance of damaged or unwanted mitochondria by autophagy (also known as mitophagy) is a mitochondrial quality control mechanism postulated to play an essential role in cellular homeostasis, metabolism, and development and confers protection against a wide range of diseases. Proper removal of damaged or unwanted mitochondria is essential for organismal health. Defects in mitophagy are associated with Parkinson's, Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and other degenerative disorders. Mitochondria regulate organismal fitness and longevity via multiple pathways, including cellular senescence, stem cell function, inflammation, mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR), and bioenergetics. Thus, mitophagy is postulated to be pivotal for maintaining organismal healthspan and lifespan and the protection against aged-related degeneration. In this review, we will summarize recent understanding of the mechanism of mitophagy and aspects of mitochondrial functions. We will focus on mitochondria-related cellular processes that are linked to aging and examine current genetic evidence that supports the hypothesis that mitophagy is a pro-longevity mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Chiang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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25
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Mehta S, Campbell H, Drummond CJ, Li K, Murray K, Slatter T, Bourdon JC, Braithwaite AW. Adaptive homeostasis and the p53 isoform network. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e53085. [PMID: 34779563 PMCID: PMC8647153 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
All living organisms have developed processes to sense and address environmental changes to maintain a stable internal state (homeostasis). When activated, the p53 tumour suppressor maintains cell and organ integrity and functions in response to homeostasis disruptors (stresses) such as infection, metabolic alterations and cellular damage. Thus, p53 plays a fundamental physiological role in maintaining organismal homeostasis. The TP53 gene encodes a network of proteins (p53 isoforms) with similar and distinct biochemical functions. The p53 network carries out multiple biological activities enabling cooperation between individual cells required for long‐term survival of multicellular organisms (animals) in response to an ever‐changing environment caused by mutation, infection, metabolic alteration or damage. In this review, we suggest that the p53 network has evolved as an adaptive response to pathogen infections and other environmental selection pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunali Mehta
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Hamish Campbell
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Catherine J Drummond
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kunyu Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kaisha Murray
- Dundee Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Tania Slatter
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jean-Christophe Bourdon
- Dundee Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Antony W Braithwaite
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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26
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Liao Z, Yeo HL, Wong SW, Zhao Y. Cellular Senescence: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1769. [PMID: 34944585 PMCID: PMC8698401 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a complex and multistep biological process which cells can undergo in response to different stresses. Referring to a highly stable cell cycle arrest, cellular senescence can influence a multitude of biological processes-both physiologically and pathologically. While phenotypically diverse, characteristics of senescence include the expression of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, cell cycle arrest factors, senescence-associated β-galactosidase, morphogenesis, and chromatin remodelling. Persistent senescence is associated with pathologies such as aging, while transient senescence is associated with beneficial programmes, such as limb patterning. With these implications, senescence-based translational studies, namely senotherapy and pro-senescence therapy, are well underway to find the cure to complicated diseases such as cancer and atherosclerosis. Being a subject of major interest only in the recent decades, much remains to be studied, such as regarding the identification of unique biomarkers of senescent cells. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive understanding of the diverse literature on senescence, and discuss the knowledge we have on senescence thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehuan Liao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore;
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Solnavägen 9, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Han Lin Yeo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore;
| | - Siaw Wen Wong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore;
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore;
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27
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Atas-Ozcan H, Brault V, Duchon A, Herault Y. Dyrk1a from Gene Function in Development and Physiology to Dosage Correction across Life Span in Down Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1833. [PMID: 34828439 PMCID: PMC8624927 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome is the main cause of intellectual disabilities with a large set of comorbidities from developmental origins but also that appeared across life span. Investigation of the genetic overdosage found in Down syndrome, due to the trisomy of human chromosome 21, has pointed to one main driver gene, the Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A (Dyrk1a). Dyrk1a is a murine homolog of the drosophila minibrain gene. It has been found to be involved in many biological processes during development and in adulthood. Further analysis showed its haploinsufficiency in mental retardation disease 7 and its involvement in Alzheimer's disease. DYRK1A plays a role in major developmental steps of brain development, controlling the proliferation of neural progenitors, the migration of neurons, their dendritogenesis and the function of the synapse. Several strategies targeting the overdosage of DYRK1A in DS with specific kinase inhibitors have showed promising evidence that DS cognitive conditions can be alleviated. Nevertheless, providing conditions for proper temporal treatment and to tackle the neurodevelopmental and the neurodegenerative aspects of DS across life span is still an open question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helin Atas-Ozcan
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France; (H.A.-O.); (V.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Véronique Brault
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France; (H.A.-O.); (V.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Arnaud Duchon
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France; (H.A.-O.); (V.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Yann Herault
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France; (H.A.-O.); (V.B.); (A.D.)
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Celphedia, Phenomin-Institut Clinique de la Souris (ICS), 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
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28
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Wang M, Attardi LD. A Balancing Act: p53 Activity from Tumor Suppression to Pathology and Therapeutic Implications. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2021; 17:205-226. [PMID: 34699262 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042320-025840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
TP53, encoding the p53 transcription factor, is the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor gene across all human cancer types. While p53 has long been appreciated to induce antiproliferative cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence programs in response to diverse stress signals, various studies in recent years have revealed additional important functions for p53 that likely also contribute to tumor suppression, including roles in regulating tumor metabolism, ferroptosis, signaling in the tumor microenvironment, and stem cell self-renewal/differentiation. Not only does p53 loss or mutation cause cancer, but hyperactive p53 also drives various pathologies, including developmental phenotypes, premature aging, neurodegeneration, and side effects of cancer therapies. These findings underscore the importance of balanced p53 activity and influence our thinking of how to best develop cancer therapies based on modulating the p53 pathway. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, Volume 17 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA;
| | - Laura D Attardi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA; .,Department of Genetics and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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29
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Venz R, Pekec T, Katic I, Ciosk R, Ewald CY. End-of-life targeted degradation of DAF-2 insulin/IGF-1 receptor promotes longevity free from growth-related pathologies. eLife 2021; 10:71335. [PMID: 34505574 PMCID: PMC8492056 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Preferably, lifespan-extending therapies should work when applied late in life without causing undesired pathologies. Reducing insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 signaling (IIS) increases lifespan across species, but the effects of reduced IIS interventions in extreme geriatric ages remains unknown. Using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, we engineered the conditional depletion of the DAF-2/insulin/IGF-1 transmembrane receptor using an auxin-inducible degradation (AID) system. This allowed for the temporal and spatial reduction in DAF-2 protein levels at time points after which interventions such as RNAi become ineffective. Using this system, we found that AID-mediated depletion of DAF-2 protein surpasses the longevity of daf-2 mutants. Depletion of DAF-2 during early adulthood resulted in multiple adverse phenotypes, including growth retardation, germline shrinkage, egg retention, and reduced brood size. By contrast, AID-mediated depletion of DAF-2 post-reproduction, or specifically in the intestine in early adulthood, resulted in an extension of lifespan without these deleterious effects. Strikingly, at geriatric ages, when 75% of the population had died, AID-mediated depletion of DAF-2 protein resulted in a doubling in lifespan. Thus, we provide a proof-of-concept that even close to the end of an individual’s lifespan, it is possible to slow aging and promote longevity. The goal of geroscience, or research into old age, is to promote health during old age, and thus, to increase lifespan. In the body, the groups of biochemical reactions, or ‘pathways’, that allow an organism to sense nutrients, and regulate growth and stress, play major roles in ensuring healthy aging. Indeed, organisms that do not produce a working version of the insulin/IGF-1 receptor, a protein involved in one such pathway, show increased lifespan. In the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, mutations in the insulin/IGF-1 receptor can even double their lifespan. However, it is unclear whether this increase can be achieved once the organism has reached old age. To answer this question, Venz et al. genetically engineered the nematode worm C. elegans so that they could trigger the rapid degradation of the insulin/IGF-1 receptor either in the entire organism or in a specific tissue. Venz et al. started by aging several C. elegans worms for three weeks, until about 75% had died. At this point, they triggered the degradation of the insulin/IGF-1 receptor in some of the remaining worms, keeping the rest untreated as a control for the experiment. The results showed that the untreated worms died within a few days, while worms in which the insulin/IGF-1 receptor had been degraded lived for almost one more month. This demonstrates that it is possible to double the lifespan of an organism at the very end of life. Venz et al.’s findings suggest that it is possible to make interventions to extend an organism’s lifespan near the end of life that are as effective as if they were performed when the organism was younger. This sparks new questions regarding the quality of this lifespan extension: do the worms become younger with the intervention, or is aging simply slowed down?
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Venz
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Schwerzenbach-Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tina Pekec
- University of Basel, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Basel, Switzerland.,Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Iskra Katic
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rafal Ciosk
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego, Poland.,University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Collin Yvès Ewald
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Schwerzenbach-Zürich, Switzerland
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30
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The Changes in the p53 Protein across the Animal Kingdom Point to Its Involvement in Longevity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168512. [PMID: 34445220 PMCID: PMC8395165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the quest for the mythical fountain of youth has produced extensive research programs that aim to extend the healthy lifespan of humans. Despite advances in our understanding of the aging process, the surprisingly extended lifespan and cancer resistance of some animal species remain unexplained. The p53 protein plays a crucial role in tumor suppression, tissue homeostasis, and aging. Long-lived, cancer-free African elephants have 20 copies of the TP53 gene, including 19 retrogenes (38 alleles), which are partially active, whereas humans possess only one copy of TP53 and have an estimated cancer mortality rate of 11–25%. The mechanism through which p53 contributes to the resolution of the Peto’s paradox in Animalia remains vague. Thus, in this work, we took advantage of the available datasets and inspected the p53 amino acid sequence of phylogenetically related organisms that show variations in their lifespans. We discovered new correlations between specific amino acid deviations in p53 and the lifespans across different animal species. We found that species with extended lifespans have certain characteristic amino acid substitutions in the p53 DNA-binding domain that alter its function, as depicted from the Phenotypic Annotation of p53 Mutations, using the PROVEAN tool or SWISS-MODEL workflow. In addition, the loop 2 region of the human p53 DNA-binding domain was identified as the longest region that was associated with longevity. The 3D model revealed variations in the loop 2 structure in long-lived species when compared with human p53. Our findings show a direct association between specific amino acid residues in p53 protein, changes in p53 functionality, and the extended animal lifespan, and further highlight the importance of p53 protein in aging.
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The Δ40p53 isoform inhibits p53-dependent eRNA transcription and enables regulation by signal-specific transcription factors during p53 activation. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001364. [PMID: 34351910 PMCID: PMC8370613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The naturally occurring Δ40p53 isoform heterotetramerizes with wild-type p53 (WTp53) to regulate development, aging, and stress responses. How Δ40p53 alters WTp53 function remains enigmatic because their co-expression causes tetramer heterogeneity. We circumvented this issue with a well-tested strategy that expressed Δ40p53:WTp53 as a single transcript, ensuring a 2:2 tetramer stoichiometry. Human MCF10A cell lines expressing Δ40p53:WTp53, WTp53, or WTp53:WTp53 (as controls) from the native TP53 locus were examined with transcriptomics (precision nuclear run-on sequencing [PRO-seq] and RNA sequencing [RNA-seq]), metabolomics, and other methods. Δ40p53:WTp53 was transcriptionally active, and, although phenotypically similar to WTp53 under normal conditions, it failed to induce growth arrest upon Nutlin-induced p53 activation. This occurred via Δ40p53:WTp53-dependent inhibition of enhancer RNA (eRNA) transcription and subsequent failure to induce mRNA biogenesis, despite similar genomic occupancy to WTp53. A different stimulus (5-fluorouracil [5FU]) also showed Δ40p53:WTp53-specific changes in mRNA induction; however, other transcription factors (TFs; e.g., E2F2) could then drive the response, yielding similar outcomes vs. WTp53. Our results establish that Δ40p53 tempers WTp53 function to enable compensatory responses by other stimulus-specific TFs. Such modulation of WTp53 activity may be an essential physiological function for Δ40p53. Moreover, Δ40p53:WTp53 functional distinctions uncovered herein suggest an eRNA requirement for mRNA biogenesis and that human p53 evolved as a tetramer to support eRNA transcription. How does Δ40p53, a naturally occurring isoform of p53 that is linked to accelerated aging, alter WTp53 function? Using an innovative approach, this study reveals that Δ40p53 suppresses enhancer RNA transcription and allows other stimulus-specific transcription factors to modulate the p53 transcriptional response.
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32
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Legscha KJ, Antunes Ferreira E, Chamoun A, Lang A, Awwad MHS, Ton GNHQ, Galetzka D, Guezguez B, Hundemer M, Bourdon JC, Munder M, Theobald M, Echchannaoui H. Δ133p53α enhances metabolic and cellular fitness of TCR-engineered T cells and promotes superior antitumor immunity. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-001846. [PMID: 34112738 PMCID: PMC8194333 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor microenvironment-associated T cell senescence is a key limiting factor for durable effective cancer immunotherapy. A few studies have demonstrated the critical role of the tumor suppressor TP53-derived p53 isoforms in cellular senescence process of non-immune cells. However, their role in lymphocytes, in particular tumor-antigen (TA) specific T cells remain largely unexplored. Methods Human T cells from peripheral blood were retrovirally engineered to coexpress a TA-specific T cell receptor and the Δ133p53α-isoform, and characterized for their cellular phenotype, metabolic profile and effector functions. Results Phenotypic analysis of Δ133p53α-modified T cells revealed a marked reduction of the T-cell inhibitory molecules (ie, CD160 and TIGIT), a lower frequency of senescent-like CD57+ and CD160+ CD8+ T cell populations, and an increased number of less differentiated CD28+ T cells. Consistently, we demonstrated changes in the cellular metabolic program toward a quiescent T cell state. On a functional level, Δ133p53α-expressing T cells acquired a long-term proliferative capacity, showed superior cytokine secretion and enhanced tumor-specific killing in vitro and in mouse tumor model. Finally, we demonstrated the capacity of Δ133p53α to restore the antitumor response of senescent T cells isolated from multiple myeloma patients. Conclusion This study uncovered a broad effect of Δ133p53α isoform in regulating T lymphocyte function. Enhancing fitness and effector functions of senescent T cells by modulation of p53 isoforms could be exploited for future translational research to improve cancer immunotherapy and immunosenescence-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Jan Legscha
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Edite Antunes Ferreira
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antonios Chamoun
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Danuta Galetzka
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Borhane Guezguez
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Hundemer
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Markus Munder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Theobald
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site, Mainz, Germany.,Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hakim Echchannaoui
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site, Mainz, Germany
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p53/p73 Protein Network in Colorectal Cancer and Other Human Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122885. [PMID: 34207603 PMCID: PMC8227208 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The p53 family of proteins comprises p53, p63, and p73, which share high structural and functional similarity. The two distinct promoters of each locus, the alternative splicing, and the alternative translation initiation sites enable the generation of numerous isoforms with different protein-interacting domains and distinct activities. The co-expressed p53/p73 isoforms have significant but distinct roles in carcinogenesis. Their activity is frequently impaired in human tumors including colorectal carcinoma due to dysregulated expression and a dominant-negative effect accomplished by some isoforms and p53 mutants. The interactions between isoforms are particularly important to understand the onset of tumor formation, progression, and therapeutic response. The understanding of the p53/p73 network can contribute to the development of new targeted therapies. Abstract The p53 tumor suppressor protein is crucial for cell growth control and the maintenance of genomic stability. Later discovered, p63 and p73 share structural and functional similarity with p53. To understand the p53 pathways more profoundly, all family members should be considered. Each family member possesses two promoters and alternative translation initiation sites, and they undergo alternative splicing, generating multiple isoforms. The resulting isoforms have important roles in carcinogenesis, while their expression is dysregulated in several human tumors including colorectal carcinoma, which makes them potential targets in cancer treatment. Their activities arise, at least in part, from the ability to form tetramers that bind to specific DNA sequences and activate the transcription of target genes. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the biological activities and regulation of the p53/p73 isoforms, highlighting their role in colorectal tumorigenesis. The analysis of the expression patterns of the p53/p73 isoforms in human cancers provides an important step in the improvement of cancer therapy. Furthermore, the interactions among the p53 family members which could modulate normal functions of the canonical p53 in tumor tissue are described. Lastly, we emphasize the importance of clinical studies to assess the significance of combining the deregulation of different members of the p53 family to define the outcome of the disease.
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Salomao N, Karakostis K, Hupp T, Vollrath F, Vojtesek B, Fahraeus R. What do we need to know and understand about p53 to improve its clinical value? J Pathol 2021; 254:443-453. [DOI: 10.1002/path.5677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norman Salomao
- Inserm UMRS1131, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire, Université Paris 7, Hôpital St Louis Paris France
| | - Konstantinos Karakostis
- Inserm UMRS1131, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire, Université Paris 7, Hôpital St Louis Paris France
| | - Ted Hupp
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science Gdansk Poland
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine Edinburgh UK
| | - Friz Vollrath
- Department of Zoology, Zoology Research and Administration Building University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | | | - Robin Fahraeus
- Inserm UMRS1131, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire, Université Paris 7, Hôpital St Louis Paris France
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science Gdansk Poland
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Biosciences Building 6M, Umeå University Umeå Sweden
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Bae Y, Hwang JS, Shin YJ. miR-30c-1 encourages human corneal endothelial cells to regenerate through ameliorating senescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:9348-9372. [PMID: 33744867 PMCID: PMC8064150 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we studied the role of microRNA-30c-1 (miR-30c-1) on transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1)-induced senescence of hCECs. hCECs were transfected by miR-30c-1 and treated with TGF-β1 to assess the inhibitory effect of miR-30c-1 on TGF-β1-induced senescence. Cell viability and proliferation rate in miR-30c-1-transfected cells was elevated compared with control. Cell cycle analysis revealed that cell abundance in S phase was elevated in miR-30c-1-treated cells compared with control. TGF-β1 increased the senescence of hCECs; however, this was ameliorated by miR-30c-1. TGF-β1 increased the size of hCECs, the ratio of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase-stained cells, secretion of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors, the oxidative stress, and arrested the cell cycle, all of which were ameliorated by miR-30c-1 treatment. miR-30c-1 also suppressed a TGF-β1-induced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and a TGF-β1 stimulated increase in levels of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), cleaved caspase 3, and microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B II. In conclusion, miR-30c-1 promoted the proliferation of hCECs through ameliorating the TGF- β1-induced senescence of hCECs and reducing cell death of hCECs. Thus, miR-30c-1 may be a therapeutic target for hCECs regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghwan Bae
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Katoch A, Tripathi SK, Pal A, Das S. Regulation of miR-186-YY1 axis by the p53 translational isoform ∆40p53: implications in cell proliferation. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:561-574. [PMID: 33629930 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1875670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have earlier shown that p53-FL and its translational isoform ∆40p53 are differentially regulated. In this study, we have investigated the cellular effect of ∆40p53 regulation on downstream gene expression, specifically miRNAs. Interestingly, ∆40p53 showed antagonistic regulation of miR-186-5p as compared to either p53 alone or a combination of both the isoforms. We have elucidated the miR-186-5p mediated effect of ∆40p53 in cell proliferation. Upon expression of ∆40p53, we observed a significant decrease in YY1 levels, an established target of miR-186-5p, which is involved in cell proliferation. Further assays with anti-miR-186 established the interdependence of ∆40p53- miR-186-5p-YY1- cell proliferation. The results unravel a new dimension toward the understanding of ∆40p53 functions, which seems to regulate cellular fate independent of p53FL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aanchal Katoch
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Tripathi
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Apala Pal
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Saumitra Das
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.,National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India
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Angarola BL, Anczuków O. Splicing alterations in healthy aging and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2021. [PMID: 33565261 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1643.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alternative RNA splicing is a key step in gene expression that allows generation of numerous messenger RNA transcripts encoding proteins of varied functions from the same gene. It is thus a rich source of proteomic and functional diversity. Alterations in alternative RNA splicing are observed both during healthy aging and in a number of human diseases, several of which display premature aging phenotypes or increased incidence with age. Age-associated splicing alterations include differential splicing of genes associated with hallmarks of aging, as well as changes in the levels of core spliceosomal genes and regulatory splicing factors. Here, we review the current known links between alternative RNA splicing, its regulators, healthy biological aging, and diseases associated with aging or aging-like phenotypes. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Anczuków
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Angarola BL, Anczuków O. Splicing alterations in healthy aging and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 12:e1643. [PMID: 33565261 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alternative RNA splicing is a key step in gene expression that allows generation of numerous messenger RNA transcripts encoding proteins of varied functions from the same gene. It is thus a rich source of proteomic and functional diversity. Alterations in alternative RNA splicing are observed both during healthy aging and in a number of human diseases, several of which display premature aging phenotypes or increased incidence with age. Age-associated splicing alterations include differential splicing of genes associated with hallmarks of aging, as well as changes in the levels of core spliceosomal genes and regulatory splicing factors. Here, we review the current known links between alternative RNA splicing, its regulators, healthy biological aging, and diseases associated with aging or aging-like phenotypes. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Anczuków
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Blasiak J, Pawlowska E, Sobczuk A, Szczepanska J, Kaarniranta K. The Aging Stress Response and Its Implication for AMD Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228840. [PMID: 33266495 PMCID: PMC7700335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging induces several stress response pathways to counterbalance detrimental changes associated with this process. These pathways include nutrient signaling, proteostasis, mitochondrial quality control and DNA damage response. At the cellular level, these pathways are controlled by evolutionarily conserved signaling molecules, such as 5’AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and sirtuins, including SIRT1. Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), encoded by the PPARGC1A gene, playing an important role in antioxidant defense and mitochondrial biogenesis, may interact with these molecules influencing lifespan and general fitness. Perturbation in the aging stress response may lead to aging-related disorders, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the main reason for vision loss in the elderly. This is supported by studies showing an important role of disturbances in mitochondrial metabolism, DDR and autophagy in AMD pathogenesis. In addition, disturbed expression of PGC-1α was shown to associate with AMD. Therefore, the aging stress response may be critical for AMD pathogenesis, and further studies are needed to precisely determine mechanisms underlying its role in AMD. These studies can include research on retinal cells produced from pluripotent stem cells obtained from AMD donors with the mutations, either native or engineered, in the critical genes for the aging stress response, including AMPK, IGF1, MTOR, SIRT1 and PPARGC1A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-426354334
| | - Elzbieta Pawlowska
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Sobczuk
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Szczepanska
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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The Δ133p53 Isoforms, Tuners of the p53 Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113422. [PMID: 33218139 PMCID: PMC7698932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary TP53, the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers, has a key role in the maintenance of the genetic stability and, thus, in preventing tumor development. The p53-dependent responses were long thought to be solely driven by canonical p53α. However, it is now known that TP53 physiologically expresses at least 12 p53 isoforms including Δ133p53α, Δ133p53β and Δ133p53γ. The Δ133p53 isoforms are potent modulators of the p53 pathway that regulate critical functions in cancer, physiological and premature aging, neurodegenerative diseases, immunity and inflammation, and tissue repair. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the Δ133p53 isoforms and how they contribute to multiple physiological and pathological mechanisms. Critically, further characterization of p53 isoforms may identify novel regulatory modes of p53 pathway functions that contribute to disease progression and facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies. Abstract The TP53 gene is a critical tumor suppressor and key determinant of cell fate which regulates numerous cellular functions including DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, cellular senescence, apoptosis, autophagy and metabolism. In the last 15 years, the p53 pathway has grown in complexity through the discovery that TP53 differentially expresses twelve p53 protein isoforms in human cells with both overlapping and unique biologic activities. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the Δ133p53 isoforms (Δ133p53α, Δ133p53β and Δ133p53γ), which are evolutionary derived and found only in human and higher order primates. All three isoforms lack both of the transactivation domains and the beginning of the DNA-binding domain. Despite the absence of these canonical domains, the Δ133p53 isoforms maintain critical functions in cancer, physiological and premature aging, neurodegenerative diseases, immunity and inflammation, and tissue repair. The ability of the Δ133p53 isoforms to modulate the p53 pathway functions underscores the need to include these p53 isoforms in our understanding of how the p53 pathway contributes to multiple physiological and pathological mechanisms. Critically, further characterization of p53 isoforms may identify novel regulatory modes of p53 pathway functions that contribute to disease progression and facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Goyala A, Baruah A, Mukhopadhyay A. The genetic paradigms of dietary restriction fail to extend life span in cep-1(gk138) mutant of C. elegans p53 due to possible background mutations. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241478. [PMID: 33180887 PMCID: PMC7660490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) increases life span and improves health in most model systems tested, including non-human primates. In C. elegans, as in other models, DR leads to reprogramming of metabolism, improvements in mitochondrial health, large changes in expression of cytoprotective genes and better proteostasis. Understandably, multiple global transcriptional regulators like transcription factors FOXO/DAF-16, FOXA/PHA-4, HSF1/HSF-1 and NRF2/SKN-1 are important for DR longevity. Considering the wide-ranging effects of p53 on organismal biology, we asked whether the C. elegans ortholog, CEP-1 is required for DR-mediated longevity assurance. We employed the widely-used TJ1 strain of cep-1(gk138). We show that cep-1(gk138) suppresses the life span extension of two genetic paradigms of DR, but two non-genetic modes of DR remain unaffected in this strain. We find that two aspects of DR, increased autophagy and up-regulation of the expression of cytoprotective xenobiotic detoxification program (cXDP) genes, are dampened in cep-1(gk138). Importantly, we find that background mutation(s) in the strain may be the actual cause for the phenotypic differences that we observed and cep-1 may not be directly involved in genetic DR-mediated longevity assurance in worms. Identifying these mutation(s) may reveal a novel regulator of longevity required specifically by genetic modes of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Goyala
- Molecular Aging Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Aiswarya Baruah
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam
| | - Arnab Mukhopadhyay
- Molecular Aging Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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Chini CCS, Peclat TR, Warner GM, Kashyap S, Espindola-Netto JM, de Oliveira GC, Gomez LS, Hogan KA, Tarragó MG, Puranik AS, Agorrody G, Thompson KL, Dang K, Clarke S, Childs BG, Kanamori KS, Witte MA, Vidal P, Kirkland AL, De Cecco M, Chellappa K, McReynolds MR, Jankowski C, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Sedivy JM, van Deursen JM, Baker DJ, van Schooten W, Rabinowitz JD, Baur JA, Chini EN. CD38 ecto-enzyme in immune cells is induced during aging and regulates NAD + and NMN levels. Nat Metab 2020; 2:1284-1304. [PMID: 33199925 PMCID: PMC8752031 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Decreased NAD+ levels have been shown to contribute to metabolic dysfunction during aging. NAD+ decline can be partially prevented by knockout of the enzyme CD38. However, it is not known how CD38 is regulated during aging, and how its ecto-enzymatic activity impacts NAD+ homeostasis. Here we show that an increase in CD38 in white adipose tissue (WAT) and the liver during aging is mediated by accumulation of CD38+ immune cells. Inflammation increases CD38 and decreases NAD+. In addition, senescent cells and their secreted signals promote accumulation of CD38+ cells in WAT, and ablation of senescent cells or their secretory phenotype decreases CD38, partially reversing NAD+ decline. Finally, blocking the ecto-enzymatic activity of CD38 can increase NAD+ through a nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)-dependent process. Our findings demonstrate that senescence-induced inflammation promotes accumulation of CD38 in immune cells that, through its ecto-enzymatic activity, decreases levels of NMN and NAD+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia C S Chini
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Thais R Peclat
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gina M Warner
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sonu Kashyap
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jair Machado Espindola-Netto
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Guilherme C de Oliveira
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lilian S Gomez
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kelly A Hogan
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mariana G Tarragó
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amrutesh S Puranik
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guillermo Agorrody
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Katie L Thompson
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Bennett G Childs
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Karina S Kanamori
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Micaela A Witte
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paola Vidal
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Anna L Kirkland
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marco De Cecco
- Center on the Biology of Aging and Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Astellas Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Marlborough, MA, USA
| | - Karthikeyani Chellappa
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Melanie R McReynolds
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Connor Jankowski
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - John M Sedivy
- Center on the Biology of Aging and Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jan M van Deursen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Darren J Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph A Baur
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eduardo N Chini
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Timofeev O, Koch L, Niederau C, Tscherne A, Schneikert J, Klimovich M, Elmshäuser S, Zeitlinger M, Mernberger M, Nist A, Osterburg C, Dötsch V, Hrabé de Angelis M, Stiewe T. Phosphorylation Control of p53 DNA-Binding Cooperativity Balances Tumorigenesis and Aging. Cancer Res 2020; 80:5231-5244. [PMID: 32873634 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications are essential for regulating the transcription factor p53, which binds DNA in a highly cooperative manner to control expression of a plethora of tumor-suppressive programs. Here we show at the biochemical, cellular, and organismal level that the cooperative nature of DNA binding is reduced by phosphorylation of highly conserved serine residues (human S183/S185, mouse S180) in the DNA-binding domain. To explore the role of this inhibitory phosphorylation in vivo, new phosphorylation-deficient p53-S180A knock-in mice were generated. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA sequencing studies of S180A knock-in cells demonstrated enhanced DNA binding and increased target gene expression. In vivo, this translated into a tissue-specific vulnerability of the bone marrow that caused depletion of hematopoietic stem cells and impaired proper regeneration of hematopoiesis after DNA damage. Median lifespan was significantly reduced by 20% from 709 days in wild type to only 568 days in S180A littermates. Importantly, lifespan was reduced by a loss of general fitness and increased susceptibility to age-related diseases, not by increased cancer incidence as often seen in other p53-mutant mouse models. For example, S180A knock-in mice showed markedly reduced spontaneous tumorigenesis and increased resistance to Myc-driven lymphoma and Eml4-Alk-driven lung cancer. Preventing phosphorylation of S183/S185 in human cells boosted p53 activity and allowed tumor cells to be killed more efficiently. Together, our data identify p53 DNA-binding domain phosphorylation as a druggable mechanism that balances tumorigenesis and aging. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate that p53 tumor suppressor activity is reduced by DNA-binding domain phosphorylation to prevent aging and identify this phosphorylation as a potential target for cancer therapy.See related commentary by Horikawa, p. 5164.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Timofeev
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Lukas Koch
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Constantin Niederau
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alina Tscherne
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jean Schneikert
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maria Klimovich
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Elmshäuser
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marie Zeitlinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marco Mernberger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Martin Hrabé de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany. .,Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Hayashi Y, Asuzu DT, Bardsley MR, Gajdos GB, Kvasha SM, Linden DR, Nagy RA, Saravanaperumal SA, Syed SA, Toyomasu Y, Yan H, Chini EN, Gibbons SJ, Kellogg TA, Khazaie K, Kuro-o M, Machado Espindola Netto J, Singh MP, Tidball JG, Wehling-Henricks M, Farrugia G, Ordog T. Wnt-induced, TRP53-mediated Cell Cycle Arrest of Precursors Underlies Interstitial Cell of Cajal Depletion During Aging. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 11:117-145. [PMID: 32771388 PMCID: PMC7672319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gastric dysfunction in the elderly may cause reduced food intake, frailty, and increased mortality. The pacemaker and neuromodulator cells interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) decline with age in humans, and their loss contributes to gastric dysfunction in progeric klotho mice hypomorphic for the anti-aging Klotho protein. The mechanisms of ICC depletion remain unclear. Klotho attenuates Wnt (wingless-type MMTV integration site) signaling. Here, we examined whether unopposed Wnt signaling could underlie aging-associated ICC loss by up-regulating transformation related protein TRP53 in ICC stem cells (ICC-SC). METHODS Mice aged 1-107 weeks, klotho mice, APCΔ468 mice with overactive Wnt signaling, mouse ICC-SC, and human gastric smooth muscles were studied by RNA sequencing, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunoblots, immunofluorescence, histochemistry, flow cytometry, and methyltetrazolium, ethynyl/bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, and ex-vivo gastric compliance assays. Cells were manipulated pharmacologically and by gene overexpression and RNA interference. RESULTS The klotho and aged mice showed similar ICC loss and impaired gastric compliance. ICC-SC decline preceded ICC depletion. Canonical Wnt signaling and TRP53 increased in gastric muscles of klotho and aged mice and middle-aged humans. Overstimulated canonical Wnt signaling increased DNA damage response and TRP53 and reduced ICC-SC self-renewal and gastric ICC. TRP53 induction persistently inhibited G1/S and G2/M cell cycle phase transitions without activating apoptosis, autophagy, cellular quiescence, or canonical markers/mediators of senescence. G1/S block reflected increased cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B and reduced cyclin D1 from reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity. CONCLUSIONS Increased Wnt signaling causes age-related ICC loss by up-regulating TRP53, which induces persistent ICC-SC cell cycle arrest without up-regulating canonical senescence markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Hayashi
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Yujiro Hayashi, PhD, Mayo Clinic, Guggenheim 10, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55906. fax: (507) 255-6318.
| | - David T. Asuzu
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael R. Bardsley
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gabriella B. Gajdos
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sergiy M. Kvasha
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David R. Linden
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Rea A. Nagy
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Siva Arumugam Saravanaperumal
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sabriya A. Syed
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yoshitaka Toyomasu
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Huihuang Yan
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Eduardo N. Chini
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center and Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Simon J. Gibbons
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | - Makoto Kuro-o
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas,Division of Anti-aging Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Jair Machado Espindola Netto
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center and Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - James G. Tidball
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Gianrico Farrugia
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tamas Ordog
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Tamas Ordog, MD, Mayo Clinic, Guggenheim 10, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55906. fax: (507) 255-6318.
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Rigby MJ, Ding Y, Farrugia MA, Feig M, Cortese GP, Mitchell H, Burger C, Puglielli L. The endoplasmic reticulum acetyltransferases ATase1/NAT8B and ATase2/NAT8 are differentially regulated to adjust engagement of the secretory pathway. J Neurochem 2020; 154:404-423. [PMID: 31945187 PMCID: PMC7363514 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nε-lysine acetylation of nascent glycoproteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen regulates the efficiency of the secretory pathway. The ER acetylation machinery consists of the membrane transporter, acetyl-CoA transporter 1 (AT-1/SLC33A1), and two acetyltransferases, ATase1/NAT8B and ATase2/NAT8. Dysfunctional ER acetylation is associated with severe neurological diseases with duplication of AT-1/SLC33A1 being associated with autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and dysmorphism. Neuron-specific AT-1 over-expression in the mouse alters neuron morphology and function, causing an autism-like phenotype, indicating that ER acetylation plays a key role in neurophysiology. As such, characterizing the molecular mechanisms that regulate the acetylation machinery could reveal critical information about its biology. By using structure-biochemistry approaches, we discovered that ATase1 and ATase2 share enzymatic properties but differ in that ATase1 is post-translationally regulated via acetylation. Furthermore, gene expression studies revealed that the promoters of AT-1, ATase1, and ATase2 contain functional binding sites for the neuron-related transcription factors cAMP response element-binding protein and the immediate-early genes c-FOS and c-JUN, and that ATase1 and ATase2 exhibit additional modes of transcriptional regulation relevant to aging and Alzheimer's disease. In vivo rodent gene expression experiments revealed that Atase2 is specifically induced following activity-dependent events. Finally, over-expression of either ATase1 or ATase2 was sufficient to increase the engagement of the secretory pathway in PC12 cells. Our results indicate important regulatory roles for ATase1 and ATase2 in neuron function with induction of ATase2 expression potentially serving as a critical event that adjusts the efficiency of the secretory pathway for activity-dependent neuronal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Rigby
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Yun Ding
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Mark A. Farrugia
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Michael Feig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | | | | | - Corinna Burger
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705
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46
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Koifman G, Aloni-Grinstein R, Rotter V. p53 balances between tissue hierarchy and anarchy. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:553-563. [PMID: 30925590 PMCID: PMC6735948 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal tissues are organized in a hierarchical model, whereas at the apex of these hierarchies reside stem cells (SCs) capable of self-renewal and of producing differentiated cellular progenies, leading to normal development and homeostasis. Alike, tumors are organized in a hierarchical manner, with cancer SCs residing at the apex, contributing to the development and nourishment of tumors. p53, the well-known ‘guardian of the genome’, possesses various roles in embryonic development as well as in adult SC life and serves as the ‘guardian of tissue hierarchy’. Moreover, p53 serves as a barrier for dedifferentiation and reprogramming by constraining the cells to a somatic state and preventing their conversion to SCs. On the contrary, the mutant forms of p53 that lost their tumor suppressor activity and gain oncogenic functions serve as ‘inducers of tissue anarchy’ and promote cancer development. In this review, we discuss these two sides of the p53 token that sentence a tissue either to an ordered hierarchy and life or to anarchy and death. A better understanding of these processes may open new horizons for the development of new cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Koifman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ronit Aloni-Grinstein
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona, Israel
| | - Varda Rotter
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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47
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Good Cop, Bad Cop: Defining the Roles of Δ40p53 in Cancer and Aging. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061659. [PMID: 32585821 PMCID: PMC7352174 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumour suppressor p53 is essential for maintaining DNA integrity, and plays a major role in cellular senescence and aging. Understanding the mechanisms that contribute to p53 dysfunction can uncover novel possibilities for improving cancer therapies and diagnosis, as well as cognitive decline associated with aging. In recent years, the complexity of p53 signalling has become increasingly apparent owing to the discovery of the p53 isoforms. These isoforms play important roles in regulating cell growth and turnover in response to different stressors, depending on the cellular context. In this review, we focus on Δ40p53, an N-terminally truncated p53 isoform. Δ40p53 can alter p53 target gene expression in both a positive and negative manner, modulating the biological outcome of p53 activation; it also functions independently of p53. Therefore, proper control of the Δ40p53: p53 ratio is essential for normal cell growth, aging, and responses to cancer therapy. Defining the contexts and the mechanisms by which Δ40p53 behaves as a "good cop or bad cop" is critical if we are to target this isoform therapeutically.
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48
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Dobbelstein M, Levine AJ. Mdm2: Open questions. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:2203-2211. [PMID: 32335977 PMCID: PMC7385351 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mdm2 oncoprotein and its association with p53 were discovered 30 years ago, and a cornucopia of activities and regulatory pathways have been associated with it. In this review, we will raise questions about Mdm2 and its cousin Mdm4 that we consider worth pursuing in future research, reaching from molecular structures and intracellular activities all the way to development, evolution, and cancer therapy. We anticipate that such research will not only close a few gaps in our knowledge but could add new dimensions to our current view. This compilation of questions contributes to the preparation for the 10th Mdm2 Workshop in Tokyo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dobbelstein
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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49
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Martínez Corrales G, Alic N. Evolutionary Conservation of Transcription Factors Affecting Longevity. Trends Genet 2020; 36:373-382. [PMID: 32294417 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The increasing number of older people is resulting in an increased prevalence of age-related diseases. Research has shown that the ageing process itself is a potential point of intervention. Indeed, gene expression can be optimised for health in older ages through manipulation of transcription factor (TF) activity. This review is focused on the ever-growing number of TFs whose effects on ageing are evolutionarily conserved. These regulate a plethora of functions, including stress resistance, metabolism, and growth. They are engaged in complex interactions within and between different cell types, impacting the physiology of the entire organism. Since ageing is not programmed, the conservation of their effects on lifespan is most likely a reflection of the conservation of their functions in youth.
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50
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Kidera H, Hatabu T, Takahashi KH. Apoptosis inhibition mitigates aging effects in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetica 2020; 148:69-76. [PMID: 32219590 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-020-00088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a natural biological process that results in progressive loss of cell, tissue, and organ function. One of the causing factors of the aging process is the decrease in muscle mass, which has not been fully verified in Drosophila. Apoptotic cell death may result in aberrant cell loss and can eventually diminish tissue function and muscle atrophy. If so, inhibition of apoptosis may prolong longevity and reduce motor function and muscle mass decline with age in Drosophila flies. Here, we used Drosophila melanogaster as study material, and induced the overexpression of Drosophila inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 gene to inhibit apoptosis, and investigated the effect of apoptosis inhibition on the longevity and age-related declines in flight and climbing ability and muscle mass. As a result, the inhibition of apoptosis tended to mitigate the aging effects and prolonged longevity and reduced climbing ability decline with age. The current study suggests that apoptosis inhibition could mitigate the aging effects in D. melanogaster. Although such effects have already been known in mammals, the current results suggest that the apoptosis may play a similar role in insects as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kidera
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 1-1-1, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Hatabu
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 1-1-1, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuo H Takahashi
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 1-1-1, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
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