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Li R, Zhu Q, Wang X, Wang H. Mulberry leaf polyphenols alleviated high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:979058. [PMID: 36185673 PMCID: PMC9521161 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.979058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mulberry leaf is an important medicinal food plant, which is rich in polyphenol compounds. Mulberry leaf polyphenols (MLP) possess significant lipid-lowering and antioxidant effects, and healthcare functions. In this study, the polyphenol content of mulberry leaf ethanol extract was measured using HPLC. The analysis of mulberry leaf extract resulted in the identification of 14 compounds, of which Chlorogenic acid and Quercitrin were the highest. A high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model was developed and treated with MLP for 12 weeks to explore their effect on lipid metabolism in HFD-induced obese mice. The results showed that the MLP could inhibit the weight gain and fat cell volume increase in the HFD-induced obese mice in a dose-dependent manner. Further analysis revealed that the MLP decelerated the fatty acid composition in the adipose tissues of HFD-induced obese mice, and significantly increased the polyunsaturated-to-saturated fatty acid (PUFA/SFA) ratio. The real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results indicated that the MLP significantly inhibited the down regulation of uncoupling protein (UCP) 1 (UCP1), UCP3, and PR domain zinc finger protein 16 (PRDM16) caused by the HFD. These beneficial effects of MLP on HFD-induced obese mice might be attributed to their ability to change the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue and increase the expression of thermogenesis genes. Overall, the study results suggested that the MLP could serve as potential lipid-lowering and weight-loss functional food and healthcare products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Qubo Zhu
- Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Wang,
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Gutiérrez-Franco J, Ayón-Pérez MF, Durán-Avelar MDJ, Vibanco-Pérez N, Sánchez-Jasso DE, Bañuelos-Aguayo DG, Sánchez-Meza J, Pimentel-Gutiérrez HJ, Zambrano-Zaragoza JF, Agraz-Cibrián JM, Vázquez-Reyes A. High frequency of the risk allele of rs4132601 and rs11978267 from the IKZF1 gene in indigenous Mexican population. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1589. [PMID: 33452870 PMCID: PMC8077075 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background IKZF1 is a relevant gene associated with the pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and the rs4132601 (T>G) and rs11978267 (A>G) polymorphisms have been associated with the development of this disease in several populations. The aim of this study was to determine the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the rs4132601 and rs11978267 polymorphisms in two indigenous Mexican groups (Cora and Huichol) and Mestizo populations from Nayarit, Mexico, and compare them with the frequencies of both polymorphisms in other populations of the world. Methods One hundred, 116, and 100 subjects from the Mestizo, Huichol, and Cora populations, respectively, all of them residents of the state of Nayarit, Mexico, were analyzed. The frequencies of rs4132601 and rs11978267 were determined by allelic discrimination using TaqMan assays. Results The allelic frequencies of rs4132601 were as follows: Mestizo group T = 0.74, G = 0.26; Cora T = 0.745, G = 0.255; and Huichol T = 0.47, G = 0.53. In the case of the rs11978267 polymorphism, the allelic frequencies were Mestizo A = 0.745, G = 0.255; Cora A = 0.735, G = 0.265; and Huichol A = 0.457, G = 0.543. For each population, both polymorphisms were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Conclusion The Huichol population from Nayarit presented the highest frequencies of the risk allele reported to date in the whole world for both rs4132601 and rs11978267 polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gutiérrez-Franco
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Miriam Fabiola Ayón-Pérez
- Laboratorios de Investigación en Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Ma de Jesús Durán-Avelar
- Laboratorios de Investigación en Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Norberto Vibanco-Pérez
- Laboratorios de Investigación en Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Diego Eduardo Sánchez-Jasso
- Laboratorios de Investigación en Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Dulce Guadalupe Bañuelos-Aguayo
- Laboratorios de Investigación en Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Jaime Sánchez-Meza
- Laboratorios de Investigación en Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | | | - José Francisco Zambrano-Zaragoza
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Juan Manuel Agraz-Cibrián
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Alejandro Vázquez-Reyes
- Laboratorios de Investigación en Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
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Bioinformatics in Mexico: A diagnostic from the academic perspective and recommendations for a public policy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243531. [PMID: 33320879 PMCID: PMC7737905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we present a diagnostic analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of the current state of Bioinformatics in Mexico. We conducted semi-structured interviews among researchers and academics with key expertise in this field, identified by bibliometric analyses and qualitative sampling techniques. Additionally, an online survey was conducted reaching a higher number of respondents. Among the relevant findings of our study, the lack of specialized human resources and technological infrastructure stood out, along with deficiencies in the number and quality of academic programs, scarce public investment and a weak relationship between public and private institutions. However, there are great opportunities for developing a national Bioinformatics to support different economic sectors. In our opinion, this work could be useful to favor a comprehensive network among Mexican researchers, in order to lay the foundations of a national strategy towards a well designed public policy.
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Del Angel-Pablo AD, Juárez-Martín AI, Pérez-Rubio G, Ambrocio-Ortiz E, López-Flores LA, Camarena AE, Falfán-Valencia R. HLA Allele and Haplotype Frequencies in Three Urban Mexican Populations: Genetic Diversity for the Approach of Genomic Medicine. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10010047. [PMID: 31963191 PMCID: PMC7168288 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variability defends us against pathogen-driven antigens; human leucocyte antigens (HLA) is the immunological system in charge of this work. The Mexican mestizo population arises mainly from the mixture of three founder populations; Amerindian, Spaniards, and a smaller proportion of the African population. We describe allele and haplotype frequencies of HLA class I (-A and -B) and class II (-DRB1 and -DQB1), which were analyzed by PCR-SSP in Mexican mestizo from three urban populations of Mexico: Chihuahua-Chihuahua City (n = 88), Mexico City-Tlalpan (n = 330), and Veracruz-Xalapa (n = 84). The variability of the allele HLA class I and class II among the three regions of Mexico are in four alleles: HLA-A*24:02 (36.39%), -B*35:01 (16.04%), -DRB1*04:07 (17.33%), and -DQB1*03:02 (31.47%), these alleles have been previously described in some indigenous populations. We identified 5 haplotypes with a frequency >1%: HLA-A*02:01-B*35:01-DRB1*08:02-DQB1*04:02, A*68:01-B*39:01-DRB1*08:02-DQB1*04:02, A*02:01-B*35:01-DRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02, A*68:01-B*39:01-DRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02, and A*01:01-B*08:01-DRB1*03:01-DQB1*02:01. Also, the haplotype A*02:01-B*35:01-DRB1*08:02-DQB1*04:02 was identified in Tlalpan and Xalapa regions. Haplotype A*01:01-B*08:01-DRB1*03:01-DQB1*02:01 was found only in Tlalpan and Chihuahua. In the Xalapa region, the most frequent haplotype was A*24:02-B*35:01-DRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02. These alleles and haplotypes have been described in Amerindian populations. Our data are consistent with previous studies and contribute to the analysis of the variability in the Mexican population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma D. Del Angel-Pablo
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.D.A.-P.); (G.P.-R.); (A.E.C.)
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Ana Itzel Juárez-Martín
- Centro de Estudios Antropológicos- Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.D.A.-P.); (G.P.-R.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Enrique Ambrocio-Ortiz
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.D.A.-P.); (G.P.-R.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Luis A. López-Flores
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.D.A.-P.); (G.P.-R.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Angel E. Camarena
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.D.A.-P.); (G.P.-R.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.D.A.-P.); (G.P.-R.); (A.E.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5487-1700 (ext. 5152)
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5
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Ren X, Li X. Advances in Research on Diabetes by Human Nutriomics. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215375. [PMID: 31671732 PMCID: PMC6861882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) have increased rapidly worldwide over the last two decades. Because the pathogenic factors of DM are heterogeneous, determining clinically effective treatments for DM patients is difficult. Applying various nutrient analyses has yielded new insight and potential treatments for DM patients. In this review, we summarized the omics analysis methods, including nutrigenomics, nutritional-metabolomics, and foodomics. The list of the new targets of SNPs, genes, proteins, and gut microbiota associated with DM has been obtained by the analysis of nutrigenomics and microbiomics within last few years, which provides a reference for the diagnosis of DM. The use of nutrient metabolomics analysis can obtain new targets of amino acids, lipids, and metal elements, which provides a reference for the treatment of DM. Foodomics analysis can provide targeted dietary strategies for DM patients. This review summarizes the DM-associated molecular biomarkers in current applied omics analyses and may provide guidance for diagnosing and treating DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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6
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Bucio D, Ormond KE, Hernandez D, Bustamante CD, Lopez Pineda A. A genetic counseling needs assessment of Mexico. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e668. [PMID: 30938092 PMCID: PMC6503023 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While genetic counseling has expanded globally, Mexico has not adopted it as a separate profession. Given the rapid expansion of genetic and genomic services, understanding the current genetic counseling landscape in Mexico is crucial to improving healthcare outcomes. METHODS Our needs assessment strategy has two components. First, we gathered quantitative data about genetics education and medical geneticists' geographic distribution through an exhaustive compilation of available information across several medical schools and public databases. Second, we conducted semi-structured interviews of 19 key-informants from 10 Mexican states remotely with digital recording and transcription. RESULTS Across 32 states, ~54% of enrolled medical students receive no medical genetics training, and only Mexico City averages at least one medical geneticist per 100,000 people. Barriers to genetic counseling services include: geographic distribution of medical geneticists, lack of access to diagnostic tools, patient health literacy and cultural beliefs, and education in medical genetics/genetic counseling. Participants reported generally positive attitudes towards a genetic counseling profession; concerns regarding a current shortage of available jobs for medical geneticists persisted. CONCLUSION To create a foundation that can support a genetic counseling profession in Mexico, the clinical significance of medical genetics must be promoted nationwide. Potential approaches include: requiring medical genetics coursework, developing community genetics services, and increasing jobs for medical geneticists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Bucio
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Roy and Patricia Disney Family Cancer Center, Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center, Burbank, California
| | - Kelly E Ormond
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Daisy Hernandez
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Pediatric Genetics, Loma Linda University Health, San Bernardino, California
| | - Carlos D Bustamante
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Biomedical Data Science, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California
| | - Arturo Lopez Pineda
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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7
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Fricke-Galindo I, Jung-Cook H, LLerena A, López-López M. Interethnic variability of pharmacogenetic biomarkers in Mexican healthy volunteers: a report from the RIBEF (Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics). Drug Metab Pers Ther 2017; 31:61-81. [PMID: 26812836 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2015-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mexico presents a complex population diversity integrated by Mexican indigenous (MI) (7% of Mexico's population) and Mexican mestizos (MMs). This composition highlights the importance of pharmacogenetic studies in Mexican populations. The aims of this study were to analyze the reported frequencies of the most relevant pharmacogenetic biomarkers and metabolic phenotypes in healthy volunteers from Mexican populations and to assess its interethnic variability across MI and MM populations. After a literature search in PubMed, and according to previously defined inclusion criteria, 63 pharmacogenetic studies performed in Mexican healthy volunteers up to date were selected. These reports comprised 56,292 healthy volunteers (71.58% MM). Allele frequencies in 31 pharmacogenetic biomarkers, from 121 searched, are described. Nine of these biomarkers presented variation within MM and MI groups. The frequencies of CYP2D6*3, *4, *5, *10, *17, *35 and *41 alleles in the MM group were different from those reported in the MI group. CYP2C9*2 and *3 alleles were more frequent in MM than in MI populations (χ2 test, p<0.05). CYP2C19*3 allele was not found in the MM or MI populations reported. For UGT1A1*28, only one study was found. HLA-A*31:01 and HLA-B*15:02 were present in some MM and MI populations. Poor metabolizers for CYP2D6 and CYP2C9 were more frequent in MM than in MI groups (χ2 test, p<0.05). Only 26% of the relevant pharmacogenetic biomarkers searched have been studied in Mexican healthy volunteers; therefore, further studies are warranted. The frequency variation of biomarkers in MM and MI populations could be important for the clinical implementation of pharmacogenetics in Mexico.
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8
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Klein ME, Parvez MM, Shin JG. Clinical Implementation of Pharmacogenomics for Personalized Precision Medicine: Barriers and Solutions. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:2368-2379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Forero DA, Wonkam A, Wang W, Laissue P, López-Correa C, Fernández-López JC, Mugasimangalam R, Perry G. Current needs for human and medical genomics research infrastructure in low and middle income countries: Table 1. J Med Genet 2016; 53:438-40. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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10
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Jimenez-Sanchez G. Genomics innovation: transforming healthcare, business, and the global economy. Genome 2015; 58:511-7. [DOI: 10.1139/gen-2015-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The genomics revolution has generated an unprecedented number of assets to propel innovation. Initial availability of genomics-based applications show a significant potential to contribute addressing global challenges, such as human health, food security, alternative sources of energies, and environmental sustainability. In the last years, most developed and emerging nations have established bioeconomy agendas where genomics plays a major role to meet their local needs. Genomic medicine is one of the most visible areas where genomics innovation is likely to contribute to a more individualized, predictive, and preventive medical practice. Examples in agriculture, dairy and beef, fishery, aquaculture, and forests industries include the effective selection of genetic variants associated to traits of economic value. Some, in addition to producing more and better foods, already represent an important increase in revenues to their respective industries. It is reasonable to predict that genomics applications will lead to a paradigm shift in our ability to ease significant health, economic, and social burdens. However, to successfully benefit from genomics innovations, it is imperative to address a number of hurdles related to generating robust scientific evidence, developing lower-cost sequencing technologies, effective bioinformatics, as well as sensitive ethical, economical, environmental, legal, and social aspects associated with the development and use of genomics innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Jimenez-Sanchez
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, USA; Global Biotech Consulting Group, Mexico
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, USA; Global Biotech Consulting Group, Mexico
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11
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Ramirez-Garcia SA, Flores-Alvarado LJ, Topete-González LR, Charles-Niño C, Mazariegos-Rubi M, Dávalos-Rodríguez NO. [High frequency of ancestral allele of the TJP1 polymorphism rs2291166 in Mexican population, conformational effect and applications in surgery and medicine]. CIR CIR 2015; 84:28-36. [PMID: 26259745 DOI: 10.1016/j.circir.2015.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TJP1 gene encodes a ZO-1 protein that is required for the recruitment of occludins and claudins in tight junction, and is involved in cell polarisation. It has different variations, the frequency of which has been studied in different populations. In Mexico there are no studies of this gene. These are required because their polymorphisms can be used in studies associated with medicine and surgery. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of alleles and genotypes of rs2291166 gene polymorphism TJP1 in Mexico Mestizos population, and to estimate the conformational effect of an amino acid change. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 473 individuals were included. The rs2291166 polymorphism was identified PASA PCR-7% PAGE, and stained with silver nitrate. The conformational effect of amino acid change was performed in silico, and was carried out with servers ProtPraram Tool and Search Database with Fasta. RESULTS The most frequent allele in the two populations is the ancestral allele (T). A genotype distribution similar to other populations was found. The polymorphism is in Hardy-Weinberg, p>0.05. Changing aspartate to alanine produced a conformational change. CONCLUSIONS The study reveals a high frequency of the ancestral allele at rs2291166 polymorphism in the Mexican population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Alberto Ramirez-Garcia
- Universidad de la Sierra Sur, Instituto de Investigaciones sobre la Salud Pública, Sistema de Universidades Estatales de Oaxaca (SUNEO), Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz, Oaxaca, México
| | | | - Luz Rosalba Topete-González
- Laboratorio de Patología Clínica, Hospital Regional Valentín Gómez Farías, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los trabajadores del Estado, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Claudia Charles-Niño
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Benemérita Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Manuel Mazariegos-Rubi
- Laboratorio de Variación Genética y Enfermedad del Instituto de Genética Humana, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Benemérita Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Nory Omayra Dávalos-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Variación Genética y Enfermedad del Instituto de Genética Humana, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Benemérita Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
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12
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Mitropoulos K, Al Jaibeji H, Forero DA, Laissue P, Wonkam A, Lopez-Correa C, Mohamed Z, Chantratita W, Lee MTM, Llerena A, Brand A, Ali BR, Patrinos GP. Success stories in genomic medicine from resource-limited countries. Hum Genomics 2015; 9:11. [PMID: 26081768 PMCID: PMC4485996 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-015-0033-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the translation of genomic discoveries into mainstream medical practice and public health has gained momentum, facilitated by the advent of new technologies. However, there are often major discrepancies in the pace of implementation of genomic medicine between developed and developing/resource-limited countries. The main reason does not only lie in the limitation of resources but also in the slow pace of adoption of the new findings and the poor understanding of the potential that this new discipline offers to rationalize medical diagnosis and treatment. Here, we present and critically discuss examples from the successful implementation of genomic medicine in resource-limited countries, focusing on pharmacogenomics, genome informatics, and public health genomics, emphasizing in the latter case genomic education, stakeholder analysis, and economics in pharmacogenomics. These examples can be considered as model cases and be readily replicated for the wide implementation of pharmacogenomics and genomic medicine in other resource-limited environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hayat Al Jaibeji
- University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Diego A Forero
- Laboratory of NeuroPsychiatric Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Paul Laissue
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo GENIUROS, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Ambroise Wonkam
- Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | | | - Zahurin Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Wasun Chantratita
- Department of Pathology, Medical Genomic Center, Ramathibodi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Ming Ta Michael Lee
- Laboratory for International Alliance on Genomic Research, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Adrian Llerena
- CICAB Clinical Research Center, Extremadura University Hospital and Medical School, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Angela Brand
- University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Bassam R Ali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - George P Patrinos
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras School of Health Sciences, Patras, Greece.
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Wade P, Deister VG, Kent M, Olarte Sierra MF, del Castillo Hernández AD. Nation and the Absent Presence of Race in Latin American Genomics. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1086/677945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Blair ED. Molecular diagnostics and personalized medicine: value-assessed opportunities for multiple stakeholders. Per Med 2010; 7:143-161. [PMID: 29783325 DOI: 10.2217/pme.10.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Acceptance and operation of a personalized medicine strategy within modern healthcare requires that all key stakeholders are able to understand and assess the benefits offered by the approach. In addition to the technological aspects of molecular diagnostics, as enablers of personalized medicine, stakeholders must also be apprised of the value-adding effects of the strategy in terms of improved treatment efficacy and health economics. This review attempts to cover these broad stakeholder interests by articulating the scientific feasibility, the beneficial medical outcomes and the commercial attractiveness offered by the integration of molecular diagnostics and personalized medicine into healthcare systems, principally by demonstrating how technology integration and value addition can be robustly assessed and represented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward D Blair
- Integrated Medicines Ltd, Topfield House, Ermine Street, Caxton, Cambridge, CB23 3PQ, UK.
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Zakharia F, Basu A, Absher D, Assimes TL, Go AS, Hlatky MA, Iribarren C, Knowles JW, Li J, Narasimhan B, Sidney S, Southwick A, Myers RM, Quertermous T, Risch N, Tang H. Characterizing the admixed African ancestry of African Americans. Genome Biol 2009; 10:R141. [PMID: 20025784 PMCID: PMC2812948 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2009-10-12-r141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Revised: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide SNP analyses reveal the admixed African genetic ancestry of African Americans. Background Accurate, high-throughput genotyping allows the fine characterization of genetic ancestry. Here we applied recently developed statistical and computational techniques to the question of African ancestry in African Americans by using data on more than 450,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped in 94 Africans of diverse geographic origins included in the HGDP, as well as 136 African Americans and 38 European Americans participating in the Atherosclerotic Disease Vascular Function and Genetic Epidemiology (ADVANCE) study. To focus on African ancestry, we reduced the data to include only those genotypes in each African American determined statistically to be African in origin. Results From cluster analysis, we found that all the African Americans are admixed in their African components of ancestry, with the majority contributions being from West and West-Central Africa, and only modest variation in these African-ancestry proportions among individuals. Furthermore, by principal components analysis, we found little evidence of genetic structure within the African component of ancestry in African Americans. Conclusions These results are consistent with historic mating patterns among African Americans that are largely uncorrelated to African ancestral origins, and they cast doubt on the general utility of mtDNA or Y-chromosome markers alone to delineate the full African ancestry of African Americans. Our results also indicate that the genetic architecture of African Americans is distinct from that of Africans, and that the greatest source of potential genetic stratification bias in case-control studies of African Americans derives from the proportion of European ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Zakharia
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Gordillo-Bastidas E, Panduro A, Gordillo-Bastidas D, Zepeda-Carrillo EA, García-Bañuelos JJ, Muñoz-Valle JF, Bastidas-Ramírez BE. Polymorphisms of alcohol metabolizing enzymes in indigenous Mexican population: unusual high frequency of CYP2E1*c2 allele. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2009; 34:142-9. [PMID: 19860798 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.01075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol abuse represents the major identified etiological factor of cirrhosis in México. ADH1B, ALDH2, and CYP2E1 have been considered candidate genes in alcohol-related diseases. Controversial results probably due to ethnic differences, among other factors, have been reported. Mexican Mestizos (MES) derive from the combination of indigenous, Spaniard, and African genes. Huichols (HUI) constitute an indigenous group from western Mexico with no racial admixture. We determined ADH1B*2, ALDH2*2, and CYP2E1*c2 allele frequencies in healthy HUI and MES from western Mexico. Lipid and hepatic profile were also carried out. METHODS One hundred and one HUI and 331 MES subjects were studied. Genotype and allele frequency were assessed through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism after DNA isolation from peripheral leukocytes. Commercial kits for lipid and hepatic determinations were used. RESULTS Polymorphic allele distribution in HUI was: 0%ADH1B*2, 0.5%ALDH2*2, 51.5%CYP2E1*c2; in MES: 3.4%ADH1B*2, 0%ALDH2*2, 16.1%CYP2E1*c2. Frequency of ADH1B*2 was statistically (p < 0.001) lower in HUI than MES. CYP2E1*c2 polymorphic allele was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in HUI than MES. Hepatic profile was normal in both groups. HUI showed a better lipid profile than MES independently of genotype. CONCLUSIONS Huichols exhibited the highest CYP2E1*c2 allele frequency of the world documented up to this date; meanwhile, ADH1B*2 and ALDH2*2 were practically absent. This feature could be useful in the understanding of Mexican population gene composition, alcohol metabolism, and alcoholic liver disease development. However, further association studies are necessary. The heterogeneity of Mexican population was evidenced by the significantly different distribution of CYP2E1*c2 allele observed among different regions of the country. Lipid and hepatic values were not associated to genotype. This report constitutes the first study dealing with gene polymorphisms of alcohol metabolizing enzymes conducted in HUI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Gordillo-Bastidas
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, México.
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Abstract
Josefina Coloma and Eva Harris discuss advances in genomics in resource-limited settings and argue that access to training and capacity building in bioinformatics and data mining will be crucial for the future
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Analysis of genomic diversity in Mexican Mestizo populations to develop genomic medicine in Mexico. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:8611-6. [PMID: 19433783 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0903045106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mexico is developing the basis for genomic medicine to improve healthcare of its population. The extensive study of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium structure of different populations has made it possible to develop tagging and imputation strategies to comprehensively analyze common genetic variation in association studies of complex diseases. We assessed the benefit of a Mexican haplotype map to improve identification of genes related to common diseases in the Mexican population. We evaluated genetic diversity, linkage disequilibrium patterns, and extent of haplotype sharing using genomewide data from Mexican Mestizos from regions with different histories of admixture and particular population dynamics. Ancestry was evaluated by including 1 Mexican Amerindian group and data from the HapMap. Our results provide evidence of genetic differences between Mexican subpopulations that should be considered in the design and analysis of association studies of complex diseases. In addition, these results support the notion that a haplotype map of the Mexican Mestizo population can reduce the number of tag SNPs required to characterize common genetic variation in this population. This is one of the first genomewide genotyping efforts of a recently admixed population in Latin America.
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Hardy BJ, Séguin B, Goodsaid F, Jimenez-Sanchez G, Singer PA, Daar AS. The next steps for genomic medicine: challenges and opportunities for the developing world. Nat Rev Genet 2008; 9 Suppl 1:S23-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nrg2444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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