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The effect of mesenchymal stromal cells ın the microenvironment on cancer development. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:114. [PMID: 35674854 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory signals secreted from the tumor microenvironment are thought to promote tumor growth and survival. It has been reported that stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment have similar characteristics to tumor-associated cells. In addition miRNAs play critical roles in various diseases, including cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of co-culture of cancer cells and stromal cells isolated from normal and malignant breast tissue on each other and the possible effects of miRNAs on these interactions. The characterized stromal cells were co-cultured with an MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line. The proliferation capacity of the experimental groups was evaluated using the WST-1 assay. The expression of breast cancer-specific miRNAs and related genes were assessed by real-time PCR. ELISA assay was performed to determine the concentration of some cytokines and chemokines. We found that the microenvironment plays an important role in the development of cancer, confirming the changes in the expression of oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNA and their target genes after co-culture with malignant stromal cells. As a result of the studies, specific gene expressions of related signaling pathways were detected in correlation with miRNA changes and the effects of tumor microenvironment on tumorigenesis were revealed in detail. miRNAs have been shown to play an important role in cancer development in recent studies. The idea that these small molecules can be used in diagnosis and treatment is becoming stronger day by day. We believe that new treatment approaches involving the tumor microenvironment and using miRNAs as markers are promising.
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2
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Bauer M, Vaxevanis C, Heimer N, Al-Ali HK, Jaekel N, Bachmann M, Wickenhauser C, Seliger B. Expression, Regulation and Function of microRNA as Important Players in the Transition of MDS to Secondary AML and Their Cross Talk to RNA-Binding Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197140. [PMID: 32992663 PMCID: PMC7582632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), heterogeneous diseases of hematopoietic stem cells, exhibit a significant risk of progression to secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) that are typically accompanied by MDS-related changes and therefore significantly differ to de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Within these disorders, the spectrum of cytogenetic alterations and oncogenic mutations, the extent of a predisposing defective osteohematopoietic niche, and the irregularity of the tumor microenvironment is highly diverse. However, the exact underlying pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in hematopoietic failure in patients with MDS and sAML remain elusive. There is recent evidence that the post-transcriptional control of gene expression mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs, and/or RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key components in the pathogenic events of both diseases. In addition, an interplay between RBPs and miRNAs has been postulated in MDS and sAML. Although a plethora of miRNAs is aberrantly expressed in MDS and sAML, their expression pattern significantly depends on the cell type and on the molecular make-up of the sample, including chromosomal alterations and single nucleotide polymorphisms, which also reflects their role in disease progression and prediction. Decreased expression levels of miRNAs or RBPs preventing the maturation or inhibiting translation of genes involved in pathogenesis of both diseases were found. Therefore, this review will summarize the current knowledge regarding the heterogeneity of expression, function, and clinical relevance of miRNAs, its link to molecular abnormalities in MDS and sAML with specific focus on the interplay with RBPs, and the current treatment options. This information might improve the use of miRNAs and/or RBPs as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for both malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Bauer
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany; (M.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Christoforos Vaxevanis
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06112, Germany; (C.V.); (N.H.)
| | - Nadine Heimer
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06112, Germany; (C.V.); (N.H.)
| | - Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Halle, 06112 Halle, Germany; (H.K.A.-A.); (N.J.)
| | - Nadja Jaekel
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Halle, 06112 Halle, Germany; (H.K.A.-A.); (N.J.)
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Claudia Wickenhauser
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany; (M.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06112, Germany; (C.V.); (N.H.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-557-4054
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3
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Sanson M, Vu Hong A, Massourides E, Bourg N, Suel L, Amor F, Corre G, Bénit P, Barthélémy I, Blot S, Bigot A, Pinset C, Rustin P, Servais L, Voit T, Richard I, Israeli D. miR-379 links glucocorticoid treatment with mitochondrial response in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9139. [PMID: 32499563 PMCID: PMC7272451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal muscle disorder, caused by mutations in the DMD gene and affects approximately 1:5000-6000 male births. In this report, we identified dysregulation of members of the Dlk1-Dio3 miRNA cluster in muscle biopsies of the GRMD dog model. Of these, we selected miR-379 for a detailed investigation because its expression is high in the muscle, and is known to be responsive to glucocorticoid, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs commonly used in DMD patients. Bioinformatics analysis predicts that miR-379 targets EIF4G2, a translational factor, which is involved in the control of mitochondrial metabolic maturation. We confirmed in myoblasts that EIF4G2 is a direct target of miR-379, and identified the DAPIT mitochondrial protein as a translational target of EIF4G2. Knocking down DAPIT in skeletal myotubes resulted in reduced ATP synthesis and myogenic differentiation. We also demonstrated that this pathway is GC-responsive since treating mice with dexamethasone resulted in reduced muscle expression of miR-379 and increased expression of EIF4G2 and DAPIT. Furthermore, miR-379 seric level, which is also elevated in the plasma of DMD patients in comparison with age-matched controls, is reduced by GC treatment. Thus, this newly identified pathway may link GC treatment to a mitochondrial response in DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Sanson
- Généthon INSERM, UMR_S951, INTEGRARE research unit, Evry, 91000, France
| | - Ai Vu Hong
- Généthon INSERM, UMR_S951, INTEGRARE research unit, Evry, 91000, France
| | | | - Nathalie Bourg
- Généthon INSERM, UMR_S951, INTEGRARE research unit, Evry, 91000, France
| | - Laurence Suel
- Généthon INSERM, UMR_S951, INTEGRARE research unit, Evry, 91000, France
| | - Fatima Amor
- Généthon INSERM, UMR_S951, INTEGRARE research unit, Evry, 91000, France
| | - Guillaume Corre
- Généthon INSERM, UMR_S951, INTEGRARE research unit, Evry, 91000, France
| | - Paule Bénit
- INSERM, UMR S1141, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Inès Barthélémy
- Inserm U955-E10, IMRB, Université Paris Est, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Stephane Blot
- Inserm U955-E10, IMRB, Université Paris Est, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Anne Bigot
- Center for Research in Myology UMRS974, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Myology Institute, Paris, France
| | | | - Pierre Rustin
- INSERM, UMR S1141, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Servais
- MDUK Oxford Neuromuscular Centre, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Child Neurology, Centre de Références des Maladies Neuromusculaires, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Liège & University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Thomas Voit
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre and Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Richard
- Généthon INSERM, UMR_S951, INTEGRARE research unit, Evry, 91000, France
| | - David Israeli
- Généthon INSERM, UMR_S951, INTEGRARE research unit, Evry, 91000, France.
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4
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Cho IJ, Lui PP, Obajdin J, Riccio F, Stroukov W, Willis TL, Spagnoli F, Watt FM. Mechanisms, Hallmarks, and Implications of Stem Cell Quiescence. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:1190-1200. [PMID: 31189093 PMCID: PMC6565921 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular quiescence is a dormant but reversible cellular state in which cell-cycle entry and proliferation are prevented. Recent studies both in vivo and in vitro demonstrate that quiescence is actively maintained through synergistic interactions between intrinsic and extrinsic signals. Subtypes of adult mammalian stem cells can be maintained in this poised, quiescent state, and subsequently reactivated upon tissue injury to restore homeostasis. However, quiescence can become deregulated in pathological settings. In this review, we discuss the recent advances uncovering intracellular signaling pathways, transcriptional changes, and extracellular cues within the stem cell niche that control induction and exit from quiescence in tissue stem cells. We discuss the implications of quiescence as well as the pharmacological and genetic approaches that are being explored to either induce or prevent quiescence as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inchul J Cho
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Prudence PokWai Lui
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jana Obajdin
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Federica Riccio
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Wladislaw Stroukov
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Thea Louise Willis
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Francesca Spagnoli
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Fiona M Watt
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK.
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5
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNA molecules involved in the regulation of gene expression. They are involved in the fine-tuning of fundamental biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation, survival and apoptosis in many cell types. Emerging evidence suggests that miRNAs regulate critical pathways involved in stem cell function. Several miRNAs have been suggested to target transcripts that directly or indirectly coordinate the cell cycle progression of stem cells. Moreover, previous studies have shown that altered expression levels of miRNAs can contribute to pathological conditions, such as cancer, due to the loss of cell cycle regulation. However, the precise mechanism underlying miRNA-mediated regulation of cell cycle in stem cells is still incompletely understood. In this review, we discuss current knowledge of miRNAs regulatory role in cell cycle progression of stem cells. We describe how specific miRNAs may control cell cycle associated molecules and checkpoints in embryonic, somatic and cancer stem cells. We further outline how these miRNAs could be regulated to influence cell cycle progression in stem cells as a potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M J Mens
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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6
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Li T, Jian X, He H, Lai Q, Li X, Deng D, Liu T, Zhu J, Jiao H, Ye Y, Wang S, Yang M, Zheng L, Zhou W, Ding Y. MiR-452 promotes an aggressive colorectal cancer phenotype by regulating a Wnt/β-catenin positive feedback loop. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:238. [PMID: 30253791 PMCID: PMC6156870 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0879-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is considered to be an important issue in progression and metastasis of various human cancers, especially in colorectal cancer (CRC). MiR-452 could activate of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. But the mechanism remains unclear. Methods The expression of miR-452 in CRC and normal tissues was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The effect of miR-452 on CRC growth and invasion was conducted by functional experiments in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics and cell luciferase function studies verified the direct regulation of miR-452 on the 3’-UTR of the GSK3β, which leads to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Results MiR-452 was upregulated in CRC compared with normal tissues and was correlated with clinical significance. The luciferase reporter system studies affirmed the direct regulation of miR-452 on the 3’-UTR of the GSK3β, which activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The ectopic upregulation of miR-452 significantly inhibited the expression of GSK3β and enhanced CRC proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, knockdown of miR-452 significantly recovered the expression of GSK3β and attenuated Wnt/β-catenin-mediated cell metastasis and proliferation. More important, T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) family of transcription factors, which are crucial downstream molecules of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was verified as a valid transcription factor of miR-452’s promoter. Conclusions Our findings first demonstrate that miR-452-GSK3β-LEF1/TCF4 positive feedback loop induce CRC proliferation and migration. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0879-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangyu Jian
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Han He
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuhua Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianzheng Li
- Medical genetic center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Danling Deng
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiehong Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongli Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaping Ye
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuyang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minhui Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weijie Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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7
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Zheng Z, Liu J, Yang Z, Wu L, Xie H, Jiang C, Lin B, Chen T, Xing C, Liu Z, Song P, Yin S, Zheng S, Zhou L. MicroRNA-452 promotes stem-like cells of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting Sox7 involving Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:28000-12. [PMID: 27058905 PMCID: PMC5053705 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The decrease of microRNA-452 (miR-452) in gliomas promoted stem-like features and tumorigenesis. However, the role of miR-452, especially in regulating cancer stem cells (CSCs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains ambiguous. We enriched stem-like HCC cells by serial passages of hepatospheres with chemotherapeutic agents. Stem-like characteristics including the capabilities of chemo-resistance, stemness-related gene expression profiling, self-renewal, tumorigenicity and metastasis formation were detected. MiR-452 was markedly increased in the chemo-resistant hepatospheres and human HCC tissues. and the overexpression of miR-452 in HCC patients predicted poor overall survival. MiR-452 significantly promoted stem-like characteristics in vitro and in vivo. Further, Sox7 was identified as the direct target of miR-452, which could physically bind with β-catenin and TCF4 in the nucleus and then inhibit the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Finally, the combined chemotherapy of doxorubicin and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) showed dramatically efficiency in suppressing HCC metastasis. These data suggested that miR-452 promoted stem-like traits of HCC, which might be a potential therapeutic target for HCC. The combination of doxorubicin and ATRA might be a promising therapy in HCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jimin Liu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhe Yang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Limin Wu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaozhe Jiang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binyi Lin
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianchi Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyang Xing
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhikun Liu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Penghong Song
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengyong Yin
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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8
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Rossmann MP, Orkin SH, Chute JP. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Biology. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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9
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Martiáñez Canales T, de Leeuw DC, Vermue E, Ossenkoppele GJ, Smit L. Specific Depletion of Leukemic Stem Cells: Can MicroRNAs Make the Difference? Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9070074. [PMID: 28665351 PMCID: PMC5532610 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9070074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
For over 40 years the standard treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients has been a combination of chemotherapy consisting of cytarabine and an anthracycline such as daunorubicin. This standard treatment results in complete remission (CR) in the majority of AML patients. However, despite these high CR rates, only 30–40% (<60 years) and 10–20% (>60 years) of patients survive five years after diagnosis. The main cause of this treatment failure is insufficient eradication of a subpopulation of chemotherapy resistant leukemic cells with stem cell-like properties, often referred to as “leukemic stem cells” (LSCs). LSCs co-exist in the bone marrow of the AML patient with residual healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are needed to reconstitute the blood after therapy. To prevent relapse, development of additional therapies targeting LSCs, while sparing HSCs, is essential. As LSCs are rare, heterogeneous and dynamic, these cells are extremely difficult to target by single gene therapies. Modulation of miRNAs and consequently the regulation of hundreds of their targets may be the key to successful elimination of resistant LSCs, either by inducing apoptosis or by sensitizing them for chemotherapy. To address the need for specific targeting of LSCs, miRNA expression patterns in highly enriched HSCs, LSCs, and leukemic progenitors, all derived from the same patients’ bone marrow, were determined and differentially expressed miRNAs between LSCs and HSCs and between LSCs and leukemic progenitors were identified. Several of these miRNAs are specifically expressed in LSCs and/or HSCs and associated with AML prognosis and treatment outcome. In this review, we will focus on the expression and function of miRNAs expressed in normal and leukemic stem cells that are residing within the AML bone marrow. Moreover, we will review their possible prospective as specific targets for anti-LSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Martiáñez Canales
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - David C de Leeuw
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eline Vermue
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Gert J Ossenkoppele
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Linda Smit
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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10
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Hu C, Yu M, Ren Y, Li K, Maggio DM, Mei C, Ye L, Wei J, Jin J, Zhuang Z, Tong H. PP2A inhibition from LB100 therapy enhances daunorubicin cytotoxicity in secondary acute myeloid leukemia via miR-181b-1 upregulation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2894. [PMID: 28588271 PMCID: PMC5460144 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) arising from myelodysplastic syndromes have a poor prognosis marked by an increased resistance to chemotherapy. An urgent need exists for adjuvant treatments that can enhance or replace current therapeutic options. Here we show the potential of LB100, a small-molecule protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) inhibitor, as a monotherapy and chemosensitizing agent for sAML using an in-vitro and in-vivo approach. We demonstrate that LB100 decreases cell viability through caspase activation and G2/M cell-cycle arrest. LB100 enhances daunorubicin (DNR) cytotoxicity resulting in decreased xenograft volumes and improved overall survival. LB100 profoundly upregulates miR-181b-1, which we show directly binds to the 3′ untranslated region of Bcl-2 mRNA leading to its translational inhibition. MiR-181b-1 ectopic overexpression further diminishes Bcl-2 expression leading to suppression of sAML cell growth, and enhancement of DNR cytotoxicity. Our research highlights the therapeutic potential of LB100, and provides new insights into the mechanism of LB100 chemosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxia Yu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Ren
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Kongfei Li
- Department of Hematology, Yin Zhou People's Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dominic M Maggio
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Chen Mei
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Juying Wei
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Hongyan Tong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China. .,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Aguilar CA, Pop R, Shcherbina A, Watts A, Matheny RW, Cacchiarelli D, Han WM, Shin E, Nakhai SA, Jang YC, Carrigan CT, Gifford CA, Kottke MA, Cesana M, Lee J, Urso ML, Meissner A. Transcriptional and Chromatin Dynamics of Muscle Regeneration after Severe Trauma. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 7:983-997. [PMID: 27773702 PMCID: PMC5106515 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Following injury, adult skeletal muscle undergoes a well-coordinated sequence of molecular and physiological events to promote repair and regeneration. However, a thorough understanding of the in vivo epigenomic and transcriptional mechanisms that control these reparative events is lacking. To address this, we monitored the in vivo dynamics of three histone modifications and coding and noncoding RNA expression throughout the regenerative process in a mouse model of traumatic muscle injury. We first illustrate how both coding and noncoding RNAs in tissues and sorted satellite cells are modified and regulated during various stages after trauma. Next, we use chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing to evaluate the chromatin state of cis-regulatory elements (promoters and enhancers) and view how these elements evolve and influence various muscle repair and regeneration transcriptional programs. These results provide a comprehensive view of the central factors that regulate muscle regeneration and underscore the multiple levels through which both transcriptional and epigenetic patterns are regulated to enact appropriate repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Aguilar
- Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA 02127, USA.
| | - Ramona Pop
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA 02127, USA
| | - Alain Watts
- Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA 02127, USA
| | - Ronald W Matheny
- Military Performance Division, United States Army Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Woojin M Han
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Eunjung Shin
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Shadi A Nakhai
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Wallace Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Young C Jang
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Wallace Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Christopher T Carrigan
- Military Performance Division, United States Army Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Casey A Gifford
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Melissa A Kottke
- Military Performance Division, United States Army Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Marcella Cesana
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jackson Lee
- Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA 02127, USA
| | - Maria L Urso
- Military Performance Division, United States Army Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Alexander Meissner
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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12
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Roden C, Lu J. MicroRNAs in Control of Stem Cells in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2016; 2:183-196. [PMID: 27547713 PMCID: PMC4988405 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-016-0057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Studies on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemia stem cells (LSCs) have helped to establish the paradigms of normal and cancer stem cell concepts. For both HSCs and LSCs, specific gene expression programs endowed by their epigenome functionally distinguish them from their differentiated progenies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as a class of small non-coding RNAs, act to control post-transcriptional gene expression. Research in the past decade has yielded exciting findings elucidating the roles of miRNAs in control of multiple facets of HSC and LSC biology. Here we review recent progresses on the functions of miRNAs in HSC emergence during development, HSC switch from a fetal/neonatal program to an adult program, HSC self-renewal and quiescence, HSC aging, HSC niche, and malignant stem cells. While multiple different miRNAs regulate a diverse array of targets, two common themes emerge in HSC and LSC biology: miRNA mediated regulation of epigenetic machinery and cell signaling pathways. In addition, we propose that miRNAs themselves behave like epigenetic regulators, as they possess key biochemical and biological properties that can provide both stability and alterability to the epigenetic program. Overall, the studies of miRNAs in stem cells in the hematologic contexts not only provide key understandings to post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanisms in HSCs and LSCs, but also will lend key insights for other stem cell fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Roden
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
- Graduate Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
- Yale Center for RNA Science and Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
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13
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Mamoori A, Gopalan V, Smith RA, Lam AKY. Modulatory roles of microRNAs in the regulation of different signalling pathways in large bowel cancer stem cells. Biol Cell 2016; 108:51-64. [DOI: 10.1111/boc.201500062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Afraa Mamoori
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland; Griffith University; Gold Coast Queensland Australia
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine; University of Babylon; Iraq
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland; Griffith University; Gold Coast Queensland Australia
| | - Robert Anthony Smith
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation; Queensland University of Technology; Queensland Australia
| | - Alfred King-Yin Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland; Griffith University; Gold Coast Queensland Australia
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14
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Harris-Arnold A, Arnold CP, Schaffert S, Hatton O, Krams SM, Esquivel CO, Martinez OM. Epstein-Barr virus modulates host cell microRNA-194 to promote IL-10 production and B lymphoma cell survival. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:2814-24. [PMID: 26147452 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a γ-herpesvirus that is linked to the development of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in solid organ recipients. We previously demonstrated that EBV(+) B cell lymphoma cell lines isolated from patients with PTLD produce human IL-10 as an autocrine growth factor. However, little is known regarding IL-10 regulation in B cells. Here we show that EBV infection markedly alters the expression of host B cell microRNA, a class of small noncoding RNA that is an important regulator of transcriptional and posttranscriptional gene expression. Gene arrays reveal unique microRNA profiles in EBV(+) B cell lymphoma lines from patients with PTLD, compared to normal B cells or in vitro generated EBV(+) lymphoblastoid cell lines. We show that microRNA-194 expression is uniquely suppressed in EBV(+) B cell lines from PTLD patients and that the 3'untranslated region of IL-10 is targeted by microRNA-194. Overexpression of microRNA-194 attenuates IL-10 production and increases apoptosis of EBV(+) B cell lymphoma lines. Together, these data indicate that EBV co-opts the host B cell microRNA network and specifically suppresses microRNA-194 to override control of IL-10 expression. Thus, modulation of microRNA-194 may constitute a novel approach to inhibiting proliferation of EBV(+) B cell lymphomas in PTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Harris-Arnold
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - C P Arnold
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - S Schaffert
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - O Hatton
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - S M Krams
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - C O Esquivel
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - O M Martinez
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
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15
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Shah MS, Kim E, Davidson LA, Knight JM, Zoh RS, Goldsby JS, Callaway ES, Zhou B, Ivanov I, Chapkin RS. Comparative effects of diet and carcinogen on microRNA expression in the stem cell niche of the mouse colonic crypt. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1862:121-34. [PMID: 26493444 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is mounting evidence that noncoding microRNAs (miRNA) are modulated by select chemoprotective dietary agents. For example, recently we demonstrated that the unique combination of dietary fish oil (containing n-3 fatty acids) plus pectin (fermented to butyrate in the colon) (FPA) up-regulates a subset of putative tumor suppressor miRNAs in intestinal mucosa, and down-regulates their predicted target genes following carcinogen exposure as compared to control (corn oil plus cellulose (CCA)) diet. To further elucidate the biological effects of diet and carcinogen modulated miR's in the colon, we verified that miR-26b and miR-203 directly target PDE4B and TCF4, respectively. Since perturbations in adult stem cell dynamics are generally believed to represent an early step in colon tumorigenesis and to better understand how the colonic stem cell population responds to environmental factors such as diet and carcinogen, we additionally determined the effects of the chemoprotective FPA diet on miRNAs and mRNAs in colonic stem cells obtained from Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-creER(T2) knock-in mice. Following global miRNA profiling, 26 miRNAs (P<0.05) were differentially expressed in Lgr5(high) stem cells as compared to Lgr5(negative) differentiated cells. FPA treatment up-regulated miR-19b, miR-26b and miR-203 expression as compared to CCA specifically in Lgr5(high) cells. In contrast, in Lgr5(negative) cells, only miR-19b and its indirect target PTK2B were modulated by the FPA diet. These data indicate for the first time that select dietary cues can impact stem cell regulatory networks, in part, by modulating the steady-state levels of miRNAs. To our knowledge, this is the first study to utilize Lgr5(+) reporter mice to determine the impact of diet and carcinogen on miRNA expression in colonic stem cells and their progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasvi S Shah
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Intercollegiate Faculty of Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Divison of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Departments of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Laurie A Davidson
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jason M Knight
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Electrical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Roger S Zoh
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer S Goldsby
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Evelyn S Callaway
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Beyian Zhou
- Veterinary Physiology & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Veterinary Physiology & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Intercollegiate Faculty of Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.
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16
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Zhu G, Wang Y, Mijiti M, Wang Z, Wu PF, Jiafu D. Upregulation of miR-130b enhances stem cell-like phenotype in glioblastoma by inactivating the Hippo signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 465:194-9. [PMID: 26241672 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway plays a crucial role in suppressing tumorigenesis. Physiologically, The Hippo signaling largely restricts its two downstream effectors, homologous oncoproteins Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), to a low level of activity by the MST1-SAV1 complex-induced kinase cascade. However, how the negative regulation induced by MST1-SAV1 complex is disrupted to exhibit constitutive YAP/TAZ activation in cancer remains unclear. Herein, we reported that miR-130b directly repressed MST1 and SAV1 expression in human glioblastoma cells. Overexpression of miR-130b induced hyperactivation of the YAP/TAZ and enhanced expression of the Hippo signaling downstream genes CTGF and the pluripotency associated markers, including CD133, SOX2, Nanog, MYC and BMI1, leading to promotion of glioblastoma stem cell phenotype. Conversely, inhibition of miR-130b attenuated these effects. These findings provide a novel mechanism for Hippo signaling inactivation in cancer, indicating not only a potentially pivotal role for miR-130b in the progression of glioblastoma, but also may represent a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Zhujiang Hospital of South Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China
| | - Maimaitili Mijiti
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Zengliang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Peng-Fei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Dangmuren Jiafu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China.
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17
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MicroRNA 181b regulates decorin production by dermal fibroblasts and may be a potential therapy for hypertrophic scar. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123054. [PMID: 25837671 PMCID: PMC4383602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scarring is a frequent fibroproliferative complication following deep dermal burns leading to impaired function and lifelong disfigurement. Decorin reduces fibrosis and induces regeneration in many tissues, and is significantly downregulated in hypertrophic scar and normal deep dermal fibroblasts. It was hypothesized that microRNAs in these fibroblasts downregulate decorin and blocking them would increase decorin and may prevent hypertrophic scarring. Lower decorin levels were found in hypertrophic scar as compared to normal skin, and in deep as compared to superficial dermis. A decorin 3' un-translated region reporter assay demonstrated microRNA decreased decorin in deep dermal fibroblasts, and microRNA screening predicted miR- 24, 181b, 421, 526b, or 543 as candidates. After finding increased levels of mir-181b in deep dermal fibroblasts, it was demonstrated that TGF-β1 stimulation decreased miR-24 but increased miR-181b and that hypertrophic scar and deep dermis contained increased levels of miR-181b. By blocking miR-181b with an antagomiR, it was possible to increase decorin protein expression in dermal fibroblasts. This suggests miR-181b is involved in the differential expression of decorin in skin and wound healing. Furthermore, blocking miR-181b reversed TGF-β1 induced decorin downregulation and myofibroblast differentiation in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts, suggesting a potential therapy for hypertrophic scar.
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18
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miR-29a maintains mouse hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal by regulating Dnmt3a. Blood 2015; 125:2206-16. [PMID: 25634742 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-06-585273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) possess the ability to generate all hematopoietic cell types and to self-renew over long periods, but the mechanisms that regulate their unique properties are incompletely understood. Herein, we show that homozygous deletion of the miR-29a/b-1 bicistron results in decreased numbers of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), decreased HSC self-renewal, and increased HSC cell cycling and apoptosis. The HSPC phenotype is specifically due to loss of miR-29a, because miR-29b expression is unaltered in miR-29a/b-1-null HSCs, and only ectopic expression of miR-29a restores HSPC function both in vitro and in vivo. HSCs lacking miR-29a/b-1 exhibit widespread transcriptional dysregulation and adopt gene expression patterns similar to normal committed progenitors. A number of predicted miR-29 target genes, including Dnmt3a, are significantly upregulated in miR-29a/b-1-null HSCs. The loss of negative regulation of Dnmt3a by miR-29a is a major contributor to the miR-29a/b-1-null HSPC phenotype, as both in vitro Dnmt3a short hairpin RNA knockdown assays and a genetic haploinsufficiency model of Dnmt3a restored the frequency and long-term reconstitution capacity of HSCs from miR-29a/b-1-deficient mice. Overall, these data demonstrate that miR-29a is critical for maintaining HSC function through its negative regulation of Dnmt3a.
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19
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Marcuzzo S, Bonanno S, Kapetis D, Barzago C, Cavalcante P, D'Alessandro S, Mantegazza R, Bernasconi P. Up-regulation of neural and cell cycle-related microRNAs in brain of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice at late disease stage. Mol Brain 2015; 8:5. [PMID: 25626686 PMCID: PMC4318136 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-015-0095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective motor neuron degeneration in motor cortex, brainstem and spinal cord. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that bind complementary target sequences and modulate gene expression; they are key molecules for establishing a neuronal phenotype, and in neurodegeneration. Here we investigated neural miR-9, miR-124a, miR-125b, miR-219, miR-134, and cell cycle-related miR-19a and -19b, in G93A-SOD1 mouse brain in pre-symptomatic and late stage disease. Results Expression of miR-9, miR-124a, miR-19a and -19b was significantly increased in G93A-SOD1 whole brain at late stage disease compared to B6.SJL and Wt-SOD1 control brains. These miRNAs were then analyzed in manually dissected SVZ, hippocampus, primary motor cortex and brainstem motor nuclei in 18-week-old ALS mice compared to same age controls. In SVZ and hippocampus miR-124a was up-regulated, miR-219 was down-regulated, and numbers of neural stem progenitor cells (NSPCs) were significantly increased. In G93A-SOD1 brainstem motor nuclei and primary motor cortex, miR-9 and miR-124a were significantly up-regulated, miR-125b expression was also increased. miR-19a and -19b were up-regulated in primary motor cortex and hippocampus, respectively. Expression analysis of predicted miRNA targets identified miRNA/target gene pairs differentially expressed in G93A-SOD1 brain regions compared to controls. Conclusions Hierarchical clustering analysis, identifying two clusters of miRNA/target genes, one characterizing brainstem motor nuclei and primary motor cortex, the other hippocampus and SVZ, suggests that altered expression of neural and cell cycle-related miRNAs in these brain regions might contribute to ALS pathogenesis in G93A-SOD1 mice. Re-establishing their expression to normal levels could be a new therapeutic approach to ALS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13041-015-0095-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Marcuzzo
- Neurology IV - Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Silvia Bonanno
- Neurology IV - Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Dimos Kapetis
- Neurology IV - Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Claudia Barzago
- Neurology IV - Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Paola Cavalcante
- Neurology IV - Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Sara D'Alessandro
- Neurology IV - Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy. sara.d'
| | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neurology IV - Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Pia Bernasconi
- Neurology IV - Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
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20
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Garofalo M, Croce CM. Role of microRNAs in maintaining cancer stem cells. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 81:53-61. [PMID: 25446141 PMCID: PMC4445133 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence sustains that the establishment and maintenance of many, if not all, human cancers are due to cancer stem cells (CSCs), tumor cells with stem cell properties, such as the capacity to self-renew or generate progenitor and differentiated cells. CSCs seem to play a major role in tumor metastasis and drug resistance, but albeit the potential clinical importance, their regulation at the molecular level is not clear. Recent studies have highlighted several miRNAs to be differentially expressed in normal and cancer stem cells and established their role in targeting genes and pathways supporting cancer stemness properties. This review focuses on the last advances on the role of microRNAs in the regulation of stem cell properties and cancer stem cells in different tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Garofalo
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK.
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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21
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Guo F, Han X, Zhang J, Zhao X, Lou J, Chen H, Huang X. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation promotes neural stem cell proliferation via the regulation of MiR-25 in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109267. [PMID: 25302788 PMCID: PMC4193773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has increasingly been studied over the past decade to determine whether it has a therapeutic benefit on focal cerebral ischemia. However, the underlying mechanism of rTMS in this process remains unclear. In the current study, we investigated the effects of rTMS on the proliferation of adult neural stem cells (NSCs) and explored microRNAs (miRNAs) that were affected by rTMS. Our data showed that 10 Hz rTMS significantly increased the proliferation of adult NSCs after focal cerebral ischemia in the subventricular zone (SVZ), and the expression of miR-25 was obviously up-regulated in the ischemic cortex after rTMS. p57, an identified miR-25 target gene that regulates factors linked to NSC proliferation, was also evaluated, and it exhibited down-regulation. To further verify the role of miR-25, rats were injected with a single dose of antagomir-25 and were subjected to focal cerebral ischemia followed by rTMS treatment. The results confirmed that miR-25 could be repressed specifically and could drive the up-regulation of its target gene (p57), which resulted in the inhibition of adult NSC proliferation in the SVZ after rTMS. Thus, our studies strongly indicated that 10 Hz rTMS can promote the proliferation of adult NSCs in the SVZ after focal cerebral ischemia by regulating the miR-25/p57 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuxiu Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jicheng Lou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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22
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Functional Role of the microRNA-200 Family in Breast Morphogenesis and Neoplasia. Genes (Basel) 2014; 5:804-20. [PMID: 25216122 PMCID: PMC4198932 DOI: 10.3390/genes5030804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Branching epithelial morphogenesis is closely linked to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process important in normal development and cancer progression. The miR-200 family regulates epithelial morphogenesis and EMT through a negative feedback loop with the ZEB1 and ZEB2 transcription factors. miR-200 inhibits expression of ZEB1/2 mRNA, which in turn can down-regulate the miR-200 family that further results in down-regulation of E-cadherin and induction of a mesenchymal phenotype. Recent studies show that the expression of miR-200 genes is high during late pregnancy and lactation, thereby indicating that these miRs are important for breast epithelial morphogenesis and differentiation. miR-200 genes have been studied intensively in relation to breast cancer progression and metastasis, where it has been shown that miR-200 members are down-regulated in basal-like breast cancer where the EMT phenotype is prominent. There is growing evidence that the miR-200 family is up-regulated in distal breast metastasis indicating that these miRs are important for colonization of metastatic breast cancer cells through induction of mesenchymal to epithelial transition. The dual role of miR-200 in primary and metastatic breast cancer is of interest for future therapeutic interventions, making it important to understand its role and interacting partners in more detail.
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23
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Hmga2 is a direct target gene of RUNX1 and regulates expansion of myeloid progenitors in mice. Blood 2014; 124:2203-12. [PMID: 25150295 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-02-554543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX1 is a master transcription factor in hematopoiesis and mediates the specification and homeostasis of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Disruptions in RUNX1 are well known to lead to hematologic disease. In this study, we sought to identify and characterize RUNX1 target genes in HSPCs by performing RUNX1 chromatin immunoprecipitation with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) using a murine HSPC line and complementing this data with our previously described gene expression profiling of primary wild-type and RUNX1-deficient HSPCs (Lineage(-)/cKit(+)/Sca1(+)). From this analysis, we identified and confirmed that Hmga2, a known oncogene, as a direct target of RUNX1. Hmga2 was strongly upregulated in RUNX1-deficient HSPCs, and the promoter of Hmga2 was responsive in a cell-type dependent manner upon coexpression of RUNX1. Conditional Runx1 knockout mice exhibit expansion of their HSPCs and myeloid progenitors as hallmark phenotypes. To further validate and establish that Hmga2 plays a role in inducing HSPC expansion, we generated mouse models of HMGA2 and RUNX1 deficiency. Although mice lacking both factors continued to display higher frequencies of HSPCs, the expansion of myeloid progenitors was effectively rescued. The data presented here establish Hmga2 as a transcriptional target of RUNX1 and a critical regulator of myeloid progenitor expansion.
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24
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Zhou C, Chen H, Han L, Wang A, Chen LA. Identification of featured biomarkers in different types of lung cancer with DNA microarray. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:6357-63. [PMID: 25001589 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3515-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a worldwide leading cause of cancer-related death. The aim of this study was to identify target genes and specific biomarkers for identification and treatment of different types of lung cancer with DNA microarray. Gene expression profile GSE6044 and miRNA microarray profile GSE17681 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs were screened with multtest package in R language. Then, functional enrichment analysis of identified DEGs was performed. Furthermore, the verified target genes based on screened miRNAs were selected from miRTarBase and miRecords databases. Then miRNA-target gene regulation network was constructed. APOE, CDC6 and ATP2B1were involved in most of the functions obtained for adenocarcinomas, small cell lung cancer and squamous cell carcinomas, respectively. The target DEGs of differentially expressed hsa-miR-29a included FGG in adenocarcinoma, RAN and COL4A1 in small cell lung cancer, GLUL in squamous cell carcinoma. The target DEGs of has-miR-7 were SNCA and SLC7A5 in adenocarcinoma and small cell lung cancer, respectively. ICAM1 and KIT were the target DEGs of hsa-miR-222 in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The miRNAs and their differentially expressed target genes have the potential to be used in clinic for diagnosis and treatment of different kinds of lung cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhou Pu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong new District, Shanghai, 201318, China,
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25
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Abstract
Cellular quiescence is a reversible non-proliferating state. The reactivation of 'sleep-like' quiescent cells (e.g. fibroblasts, lymphocytes and stem cells) into proliferation is crucial for tissue repair and regeneration and a key to the growth, development and health of higher multicellular organisms, such as mammals. Quiescence has been a primarily phenotypic description (i.e. non-permanent cell cycle arrest) and poorly studied. However, contrary to the earlier thinking that quiescence is simply a passive and dormant state lacking proliferating activities, recent studies have revealed that cellular quiescence is actively maintained in the cell and that it corresponds to a collection of heterogeneous states. Recent modelling and experimental work have suggested that an Rb-E2F bistable switch plays a pivotal role in controlling the quiescence-proliferation balance and the heterogeneous quiescent states. Other quiescence regulatory activities may crosstalk with and impinge upon the Rb-E2F bistable switch, forming a gene network that controls the cells' quiescent states and their dynamic transitions to proliferation in response to noisy environmental signals. Elucidating the dynamic control mechanisms underlying quiescence may lead to novel therapeutic strategies that re-establish normal quiescent states, in a variety of hyper- and hypo-proliferative diseases, including cancer and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85721 , USA
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26
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Song SJ, Ito K, Ala U, Kats L, Webster K, Sun SM, Jongen-Lavrencic M, Manova-Todorova K, Teruya-Feldstein J, Avigan DE, Delwel R, Pandolfi PP. The oncogenic microRNA miR-22 targets the TET2 tumor suppressor to promote hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and transformation. Cell Stem Cell 2014; 13:87-101. [PMID: 23827711 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are frequently deregulated in cancer. Here we show that miR-22 is upregulated in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and leukemia and its aberrant expression correlates with poor survival. To explore its role in hematopoietic stem cell function and malignancy, we generated transgenic mice conditionally expressing miR-22 in the hematopoietic compartment. These mice displayed reduced levels of global 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) and increased hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal accompanied by defective differentiation. Conversely, miR-22 inhibition blocked proliferation in both mouse and human leukemic cells. Over time, miR-22 transgenic mice developed MDS and hematological malignancies. We also identify TET2 as a key target of miR-22 in this context. Ectopic expression of TET2 suppressed the miR-22-induced phenotypes. Downregulation of TET2 protein also correlated with poor clinical outcomes and miR-22 overexpression in MDS patients. Our results therefore identify miR-22 as a potent proto-oncogene and suggest that aberrations in the miR-22/TET2 regulatory network are common in hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jung Song
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Moradi S, Asgari S, Baharvand H. Concise Review: Harmonies Played by MicroRNAs in Cell Fate Reprogramming. Stem Cells 2014; 32:3-15. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Moradi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center; Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology; Tehran Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology; University of Science and Culture; ACECR Tehran Iran
| | - Sassan Asgari
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center; Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology; Tehran Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology; University of Science and Culture; ACECR Tehran Iran
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28
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Takahashi RU, Miyazaki H, Ochiya T. The role of microRNAs in the regulation of cancer stem cells. Front Genet 2014; 4:295. [PMID: 24427168 PMCID: PMC3879439 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been reported in many human tumors and are proposed to drive tumor initiation and progression. CSCs share a variety of biological properties with normal somatic stem cells such as the capacity for self-renewal, the propagation of differentiated progeny, and the expression of specific cell surface markers and stem cell genes. However, CSCs differ from normal stem cells in their chemoresistance and tumorigenic and metastatic activities. Despite their potential clinical importance, the regulation of CSCs at the molecular level is not well-understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the regulation of several cellular, physiological, and developmental processes. Aberrant miRNA expression is associated with many human diseases including cancer. miRNAs have been implicated in the regulation of CSC properties; therefore, a better understanding of the modulation of CSC gene expression by miRNAs could aid the identification of promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In the present review, we summarize the major findings on the regulation of CSCs by miRNAs and discuss recent advances that have improved our understanding of the regulation of CSCs by miRNA networks and may lead to the development of miRNA therapeutics specifically targeting CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryou-U Takahashi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyazaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute Tokyo, Japan ; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Showa University School of Dentistry Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of diverse biologic processes. In the hematopoietic system, miRNAs have been shown to regulate lineage fate decisions, mature immune effector cell function, apoptosis, and cell cycling, and a more limited number of miRNAs has been shown to regulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal. Many of these miRNAs were initially identified as candidate regulators of HSC function by comparing miRNA expression in hematopoietic stem and progenitors cells (HSPCs) to their mature progeny. While the measurement of miRNA expression in rare cell populations such as HSCs poses practical challenges due to the low amount of RNA present, a number of techniques have been developed to measure miRNAs in small numbers of cells. Here, we describe our protocol for measuring miRNAs in purified mouse HSCs using a highly sensitive real-time quantitative PCR strategy that utilizes microfluidic array cards containing pre-spotted TaqMan probes that allows the detection of mature miRNAs in small reaction volumes. We also describe a simple data analysis method to evaluate miRNA expression profiling data using an open-source software package (HTqPCR) using mouse HSC miRNA profiling data generated in our lab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhuo Hu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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30
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Xiong X, Kang X, Zheng Y, Yue S, Zhu S. Identification of loop nucleotide polymorphisms affecting microRNA processing and function. Mol Cells 2013; 36:518-26. [PMID: 24241682 PMCID: PMC3887969 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-0171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short 21-22 nucleotide single strand RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Most microRNAs are first transcribed as long primary microRNAs and then undergo a two step-wise sequential processing to yield single-stranded mature microRNAs. It has been suggested that the loop region of primary microRNAs plays an important role in regulating microRNA biogenesis and target recognition. However, despite the fact that several single nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified in mature microRNA sequences and are related to human diseases, it remains unclear whether and how the single nucleotide polymorphisms in the loop regions of primary microRNAs would affect the biogenesis and function of microRNAs. Herein, we provide evidence that primary microRNAs loop nucleotides control the accuracy and efficiency of microRNA processing. Accordingly, we identified 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the loop regions of human primary microRNAs using bioinformatics, and further validated three loss-of-function and one gain-of-function single nucleotide polymorphisms using dual-luciferase assays. Thus, these results reveal a critical regulatory role encoded in the loop nucleotides of primary microRNAs for microRNA processing and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of medicine, Zhejiang University,
China
| | - Xianhui Kang
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of medicine, Zhejiang University,
China
| | - Yueying Zheng
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of medicine, Zhejiang University,
China
| | - Sibiao Yue
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University,
USA
| | - Shengmei Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of medicine, Zhejiang University,
China
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31
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Abstract
Subsets of mammalian adult stem cells reside in the quiescent state for prolonged periods of time. This state, which is reversible, has long been viewed as dormant and with minimal basal activity. Recent advances in adult stem cell isolation have provided insights into the epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of quiescence and suggest that quiescence is an actively maintained state in which signalling pathways are involved in maintaining a poised state that allows rapid activation. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms regulating adult stem cell quiescence will increase our understanding of tissue regeneration mechanisms and how they are dysregulated in pathological conditions and in ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom H Cheung
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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32
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Transcriptional profiling of mRNAs and microRNAs in human bone marrow precursor B cells identifies subset- and age-specific variations. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70721. [PMID: 23936243 PMCID: PMC3728296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular mechanisms explaining age-related changes in the bone marrow with reduced precursor B cell output are poorly understood. METHODS We studied the transcriptome of five precursor B cell subsets in individual bone marrow samples from 4 healthy children and 4 adults employing GeneChip® Human Exon 1.0 ST Arrays (Affymetrix®) and TaqMan® Array MicroRNA Cards (Life Technologies™). RESULTS A total of 1796 mRNAs (11%) were at least once differentially expressed between the various precursor B cell subsets in either age group (FDR 0.1%, p≤1.13×10(-4)) with more marked cell stage specific differences than those related to age. In contrast, microRNA profiles of the various precursor B cell subsets showed less hierarchical clustering as compared to the corresponding mRNA profiles. However, 17 of the 667 microRNA assays (2.5%) were at least once differentially expressed between the subsets (FDR 10%, p≤0.004). From target analysis (Ingenuity® Systems), functional assignment between postulated interacting mRNAs and microRNAs showed especially association to cellular growth, proliferation and cell cycle regulation. One functional network connected up-regulation of the differentiation inhibitor ID2 mRNA to down-regulation of the hematopoiesis- or cell cycle regulating miR-125b-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-196a-5p, miR-24-3p and miR-320d in adult PreBII large cells. Noteworthy was also the stage-dependent expression of the growth promoting miR-17-92 cluster, showing a partly inverse trend with age, reaching statistical significance at the PreBII small stage (up 3.1-12.9 fold in children, p = 0.0084-0.0270). CONCLUSIONS The global mRNA profile is characteristic for each precursor B cell developmental stage and largely similar in children and adults. The microRNA profile is much cell stage specific and not changing much with age. Importantly, however, specific age-dependent differences involving key networks like differentiation and cellular growth may indicate biological divergence and possibly also altered production potential with age.
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33
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Benetatos L, Vartholomatos G. MicroRNAs mark in the MLL-rearranged leukemia. Ann Hematol 2013; 92:1439-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-013-1803-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Liu L, Chen K, Wu J, Shi L, Hu B, Cheng S, Li M, Song L. Downregulation of miR-452 promotes stem-like traits and tumorigenicity of gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:3429-38. [PMID: 23695168 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-3794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE miR-452 is reported to be required for neural crest stem cell differentiation during neural crest development. However, the biologic role of miR-452 in gliomas remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of miR-452 on the stem-like properties and tumorigenesis of glioma cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression of miR-452 was examined in glioma cells and glioma tissues using real-time PCR. The effects of miR-452 on stem-like traits and tumorigenesis were investigated in vitro and in vivo using patient-derived glioma cells and glioma cell lines. Western blotting and luciferase reporter assays were conducted to examine the negative regulation of Bmi-1, LEF1, and TCF4 by miR-452. The methylation of the miR-452 promoter region was examined by bisulfite genomic sequencing PCR. RESULTS miR-452 was markedly downregulated in glioma cells and clinical glioma tissues. miR-452 levels were inversely correlated with World Health Organization (WHO) grades and patient survival. miR-452 directly targeted and suppressed multiple stemness regulators, including Bmi-1, LEF1, and TCF4, resulting in reduced stem-like traits and tumorigenesis of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we showed that downregulation of miR-452 in gliomas was caused by hypermethylation of its promoter region. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of miR-452 plays an important role in promoting the stem-like traits and tumorigenesis of gliomas and may represent a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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35
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Chen Y, Jacamo R, Konopleva M, Garzon R, Croce C, Andreeff M. CXCR4 downregulation of let-7a drives chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:2395-407. [PMID: 23676502 DOI: 10.1172/jci66553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in targeting the stromal-derived factor 1α/CXCR4 (SDF-1α/CXCR4) axis to overcome chemoresistance of AML cells. Microarray analysis of OCI-AML3 cells revealed that the miRNA let-7a was downregulated by SDF-1α-mediated CXCR4 activation and increased by CXCR4 inhibition. Overexpression of let-7a in AML cell lines was associated with decreased c-Myc and BCL-XL protein expression and enhanced chemosensitivity, both in vitro and in vivo. We identified the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) as a link between SDF-1α/CXCR4 signaling and let-7a, as YY1 was upregulated by SDF-1α and downregulated by treatment with a CXCR4 antagonist. ChIP assay confirmed the binding of YY1 to unprocessed let-7a DNA fragments, and treatment with YY1 shRNA increased let-7a expression. In primary human AML samples, high CXCR4 expression was associated with low let-7a levels. Xenografts of primary human AML cells engineered to overexpress let-7a exhibited enhanced sensitivity to cytarabine, resulting in greatly extended survival of immunodeficient mice. Based on these data, we propose that CXCR4 induces chemoresistance by downregulating let-7a to promote YY1-mediated transcriptional activation of MYC and BCLXL in AML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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36
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Gong H, Song L, Lin C, Liu A, Lin X, Wu J, Li M, Li J. Downregulation of miR-138 sustains NF-κB activation and promotes lipid raft formation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:1083-93. [PMID: 23319823 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-3169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Constitutive activation of NF-κB signaling plays vital roles in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of miR-138 on NF-κB activation and ESCC progression. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Expression of miR-138 in ESCC cell lines, ESCC tissues, and 205 archived ESSC specimens was determined using real-time PCR analysis. Anchorage-independent growth, chicken chorioallantoic membrane, Transwell matrix invasion and Annexin V-binding assays, and a xenograft tumor model were used to determine the role of miR-138 in ESCC progression. The effect of miR-138 on NF-κB activation was investigated using IKK in vitro kinase, electrophoretic mobility shift, lipid raft isolation, and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS miR-138 was downregulated and inversely correlated with tumor progression and patient survival in ESCCs. Downregulation of miR-138 enhanced, whereas upregulation of miR-138 reduced, the aggressive phenotype of ESCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Silencing miR-138 promoted K63-linked polyubiquitination of the NF-κB signaling intermediaries TRAF2 and RIP1 and sustained NF-κB activation. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-138 induced lipid raft formation via upregulating multiple components of lipid rafts, including FLOT1, FLOT2, and caveolin-1. Importantly, the in vitro analysis was consistent with a significant inverse correlation between miR-138 expression and NF-κB hyperactivation in a cohort of human ESCC specimens. CONCLUSION Our results show that miR-138 functions as a tumor-suppressive miRNA and that downregulation of miR-138 contributes to constitutive NF-κB activation and ESCC progression.
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MESH Headings
- 3' Untranslated Regions/genetics
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Caveolin 1/genetics
- Caveolin 1/metabolism
- Chickens
- Chorioallantoic Membrane/metabolism
- Chorioallantoic Membrane/pathology
- DNA Primers/chemistry
- Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
- Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics
- Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality
- Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology
- Esophagus/metabolism
- Esophagus/pathology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Luciferases/metabolism
- Membrane Microdomains/metabolism
- Membrane Microdomains/pathology
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Polyubiquitin/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Survival Rate
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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38
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Genome-wide analysis of aberrantly expressed circulating miRNAs in patients with coal workers’ pneumoconiosis. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:3739-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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39
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Zhan H, Cardozo C, Yu W, Wang A, Moliterno AR, Dang CV, Spivak JL. MicroRNA deregulation in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia patients. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2012; 50:190-5. [PMID: 23265742 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are the two most common myeloproliferative neoplasms. The same JAK2(V617F) mutation can be found in both disorders and is able to recapitulate many of the phenotypic abnormalities of these diseases in the murine models. The disease phenotype is also influenced by other unknown genetic or epigenetic factors. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are 18-24 nucleotides single-stranded non-protein-coding RNAs that function primarily as gene repressors by binding to their target messenger RNAs. We performed miRNA expression profiling by oligonucleotide microarray analysis in purified peripheral blood CD34+ cells from eight JAK2(V617F)-positive PV patients and six healthy donors. A quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay was used to verify differential miRNA expression. Since erythrocytosis is the only feature that distinguishes PV from ET, we also compared specific miRNA expression in the nucleated erythroid cells directly descended from the early erythroid progenitor cells of PV and ET patients. Our data indicate that significant miRNA deregulation occurs in PV CD34+ cells and confirm a genetic basis for the gender-specific differences that characterize PV with respect to miRNA. The results of our study also suggest that deregulated miRNAs may represent an important mechanism by which the PV erythrocytosis and ET thrombocytosis phenotypes are determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichun Zhan
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
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40
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Pham JT, Gallicano GI. Specification of neural cell fate and regulation of neural stem cell proliferation by microRNAs. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS 2012; 1:182-195. [PMID: 23671807 PMCID: PMC3636732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the approximately 20 years since microRNAs (miRNAs) were first characterized, they have been shown to play important roles in diverse physiologic functions, particularly those requiring coordinated changes in networks of signaling pathways. The ability of miRNAs to silence expression of multiple gene targets hints at complex connections that research has only begun to elucidate. The nervous system, particularly the brain, and its progenitor cells offer opportunities to examine miRNA function due to the myriad different cell types, numerous functionally distinct regions, and fluidly dynamic connections between them. This review aims to summarize current understanding of miRNA regulation in neurodevelopment, beginning with miRNAs that establish a general neural fate in cells. Particular attention is given to miR-124, the most abundant brain-specific miRNA, along with its key regulators and targets as an example of the potentially far-reaching effects of miRNAs. These modulators and mediators enable miRNAs to subtly calibrate cellular proliferation and differentiation. To better understand their mechanisms of action, miRNA profiles in distinct populations and regions of cells have been examined as well as miRNAs that regulate proliferation of stem cells, a process marked by dramatic morphological shifts in response to temporally subtle and refined shifts in gene expression. To tease out the complex interactions of miRNAs and stem cells more accurately, future studies will require more sensitive methods of assessing miRNA expression and more rigorous models of miRNA pathways. Thorough characterization of similarities and differences in specific miRNAs' effects in different species is vital to developing better disease models and therapeutics using miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Ian Gallicano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown UniversityWashington DC, USA
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41
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MiR-495 is a tumor-suppressor microRNA down-regulated in MLL-rearranged leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:19397-402. [PMID: 23132946 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1217519109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignancies with variable response to treatment. AMLs bearing MLL (mixed lineage leukemia) rearrangements are associated with intermediate or poor survival. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small noncoding RNAs, have been postulated to be important gene expression regulators virtually in all biological processes, including leukemogenesis. Through a large-scale, genome-wide miRNA expression profiling assay of 85 human AML and 15 normal control samples, we show that among 48 miRNAs that are significantly differentially expressed between MLL- and non-MLL-rearranged AML samples, only one (miR-495) is expressed at a lower level in MLL-rearranged AML than in non-MLL-rearranged AML; meanwhile, miR-495 is also significantly down-regulated in MLL-rearranged AML samples compared with normal control samples. Through in vitro colony-forming/replating assays and in vivo bone marrow transplantation studies, we show that forced expression of miR-495 significantly inhibits MLL-fusion-mediated cell transformation in vitro and leukemogenesis in vivo. In human leukemic cells carrying MLL rearrangements, ectopic expression of miR-495 greatly inhibits cell viability and increases cell apoptosis. Furthermore, our studies demonstrate that PBX3 and MEIS1 are two direct target genes of miR-495, and forced expression of either of them can reverse the effects of miR-495 overexpression on inhibiting cell viability and promoting apoptosis of human MLL-rearranged leukemic cells. Thus, our data indicate that miR-495 likely functions as a tumor suppressor in AML with MLL rearrangements by targeting essential leukemia-related genes.
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42
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MicroRNAs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Other Blood Disorders. LEUKEMIA RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2012; 2012:603830. [PMID: 23259069 PMCID: PMC3505936 DOI: 10.1155/2012/603830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Common blood disorders include hematopoietic cell malignancies or leukemias and plasma cell dyscrasia, all of which have associated microRNA abnormalities. In this paper, we discuss several leukemias including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and identify altered microRNAs and their targets. Immune disorders with altered blood levels of antibodies include autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with associated anti-self-autoantibodies and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) also have related microRNA abnormalities. The alterations in microRNAs may serve as therapeutic targets in these blood disorders.
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Li Z, Huang H, Chen P, He M, Li Y, Arnovitz S, Jiang X, He C, Hyjek E, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Elkahloun A, Cao D, Shen C, Wunderlich M, Wang Y, Neilly MB, Jin J, Wei M, Lu J, Valk PJM, Delwel R, Lowenberg B, Le Beau MM, Vardiman J, Mulloy JC, Zeleznik-Le NJ, Liu PP, Zhang J, Chen J. miR-196b directly targets both HOXA9/MEIS1 oncogenes and FAS tumour suppressor in MLL-rearranged leukaemia. Nat Commun 2012; 3:688. [PMID: 22353710 PMCID: PMC3514459 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HOXA9 and MEIS1 have essential oncogenic roles in mixed lineage leukaemia (MLL)-rearranged leukaemia. Here we show that they are direct targets of miRNA-196b, a microRNA (miRNA) located adjacent to and co-expressed with HOXA9, in MLL-rearranged leukaemic cells. Forced expression of miR-196b significantly delays MLL-fusion-mediated leukemogenesis in primary bone marrow transplantation through suppressing Hoxa9/Meis1 expression. However, ectopic expression of miR-196b results in more aggressive leukaemic phenotypes and causes much faster leukemogenesis in secondary transplantation than MLL fusion alone, likely through the further repression of Fas expression, a proapoptotic gene downregulated in MLL-rearranged leukaemia. Overexpression of FAS significantly inhibits leukemogenesis and reverses miR-196b-mediated phenotypes. Targeting Hoxa9/Meis1 and Fas by miR-196b is probably also important for normal haematopoiesis. Thus, our results uncover a previously unappreciated miRNA-regulation mechanism by which a single miRNA may target both oncogenes and tumour suppressors, simultaneously, or, sequentially, in tumourigenesis and normal development per cell differentiation, indicating that miRNA regulation is much more complex than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejuan Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Miao He
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephen Arnovitz
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Chunjiang He
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hyjek
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, 60153, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Abdel Elkahloun
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Donglin Cao
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Shen
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Mark Wunderlich
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, 45229, Ohio, USA
| | - Yungui Wang
- Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mary Beth Neilly
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Jie Jin
- Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, 06520, Connecticut, USA
| | - Peter J M Valk
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud Delwel
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bob Lowenberg
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle M Le Beau
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - James Vardiman
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - James C Mulloy
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, 45229, Ohio, USA
| | - Nancy J Zeleznik-Le
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, 60153, Illinois, USA
| | - Paul P Liu
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, 60153, Illinois, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA.
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Abstract
Hematopoiesis is regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). These small regulatory RNAs are master regulators of developmental processes that modulate expression of several target genes post-transcriptionally. Various miRNAs are up-regulated at specific stages during hematopoietic development and the functional relevance of miRNAs has been proven at many different stages of lineage specification. Knockout of specific miRNAs can produce dramatic phenotypes leading to severe hematopoietic defects. Furthermore, several studies demonstrated that specific miRNAs are differentially expressed in hematopoietic stem cells. However, the emerging picture is extremely complex due to differences between species, cell type dependent variation in miRNA expression and differential expression of diverse target genes that are involved in various regulatory networks. There is also evidence that miRNAs play a role in cellular aging or in the inter-cellular crosstalk between hematopoietic cells and their microenvironment. The field is rapidly evolving due to new profiling tools and deep sequencing technology. The expression profiles of miRNAs are of diagnostic relevance for classification of different diseases. Recent reports on the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells with miRNAs have fuelled the hope that specific miRNAs and culture conditions facilitate directed differentiation or culture expansion of the hematopoietic stem cell pool. This review summarizes our current knowledge about miRNA expression in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, and their role in the hematopoietic stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Bissels
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
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Ouyang YB, Lu Y, Yue S, Giffard RG. miR-181 targets multiple Bcl-2 family members and influences apoptosis and mitochondrial function in astrocytes. Mitochondrion 2011; 12:213-9. [PMID: 21958558 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are central to the execution of apoptosis, and the Bcl-2 protein family of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins interacts with mitochondria to regulate apoptosis. Using bioinformatics we predicted that miR-181, a microRNA expressed in brain, could target the 3'UTRs of Bcl-2 family members Bcl-2-L11/Bim, Mcl-1, and Bcl-2. Using the luciferase reporter assay we confirmed these targets. We used mimic and inhibitor to alter miR-181a levels in primary astrocyte cultures and found miR-181a reduction was associated with increased Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 protein levels. Decreased miR-181a levels reduced glucose deprivation induced apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Bing Ouyang
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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46
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Marrone AK, Shcherbata HR. Dystrophin Orchestrates the Epigenetic Profile of Muscle Cells Via miRNAs. Front Genet 2011; 2:64. [PMID: 22303359 PMCID: PMC3268617 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2011.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian musculature is a very robust and dynamic tissue that goes through many rounds of degeneration and regeneration in an individual’s lifetime. There is a biological program that maintains muscle progenitor cells that, when activated, give rise to intermediate myoblast progeny that consequently differentiate into mature muscle cells. Recent works have provided a picture of the role that microRNAs (miRNAs) play in maintaining aspects of this program. Intriguingly, a subset of these miRNAs is de-regulated in muscular dystrophies (MDs), a group of fatal inherited neuromuscular disorders that are often associated with deficiencies in the Dystrophin (Dys) complex. Apparently, transcriptional expression of many of the muscle specific genes and miRNAs is dependent on chromatin state regulated by the Dys–Syn–nNOS pathway. This puts Dystrophin at the epicenter of a highly regulated program of muscle gene expression in which miRNAs help to coordinate networking between multiple phases of muscle maintenance, degeneration, and regeneration. Therefore, understanding the role of miRNAs in physiology of normal and diseased muscle tissue could be useful for future applications in improving the MD therapies and could open new clinical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- April K Marrone
- Max Planck Research Group of Gene Expression and Signaling, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry Goettingen, Germany
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Brett JO, Renault VM, Rafalski VA, Webb AE, Brunet A. The microRNA cluster miR-106b~25 regulates adult neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Aging (Albany NY) 2011; 3:108-24. [PMID: 21386132 PMCID: PMC3082007 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In adult mammals, neural stem cells (NSCs) generate new neurons that are important for specific types of learning and memory. Controlling adult NSC number and function is fundamental for preserving the stem cell pool and ensuring proper levels of neurogenesis throughout life. Here we study the importance of the microRNA gene cluster miR-106b~25 (miR-106b, miR-93, and miR-25) in primary cultures of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) isolated from adult mice. We find that knocking down miR-25 decreases NSPC proliferation, whereas ectopically expressing miR-25 promotes NSPC proliferation. Expressing the entire miR-106b~25 cluster in NSPCs also increases their ability to generate new neurons. Interestingly, miR-25 has a number of potential target mRNAs involved in insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF) signaling, a pathway implicated in aging. Furthermore, the regulatory region of miR-106b~25 is bound by FoxO3, a member of the FoxO family of transcription factors that maintains adult stem cells and extends lifespan downstream of insulin/IGF signaling. These results suggest that miR-106b~25 regulates NSPC function and is part of a network involving the insulin/IGF-FoxO pathway, which may have important implications for the homeostasis of the NSC pool during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie O Brett
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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