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Grein F. Complexes of LiF and LiCl with LiF, LiCl, LiH, HF, HCl, H 2, Li 2, F 2, Cl 2, FCl, H 2O and NH 3. Structures, energies and vibrational frequencies. Mol Phys 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2023.2181647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Grein
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada
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Szewc C, Collier JD, Ulbricht H. Note: A helical velocity selector for continuous molecular beams. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2010; 81:106107. [PMID: 21034135 DOI: 10.1063/1.3499254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on a modern realization of the classic helical velocity selector for gas phase particle beams. The device operates stably under high vacuum conditions at rotational frequencies limited only by commercial dc motor capabilities. Tuning the rotational frequency allows selective scanning over a broad velocity band. The width of the selected velocity distributions at full-width-half-maximum is as narrow as a few percent of the selected mean velocity and independent of the rotational speed of the selector. The selector generates low vibrational noise amplitudes comparable to mechanically damped state-of-the-art turbo-molecular pumps and is therefore compatible with vibration sensitive experiments like molecule interferometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Szewc
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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Juffmann T, Truppe S, Geyer P, Major AG, Deachapunya S, Ulbricht H, Arndt M. Wave and particle in molecular interference lithography. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:263601. [PMID: 20366311 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.263601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The wave-particle duality of massive objects is a cornerstone of quantum physics and a key property of many modern tools such as electron microscopy, neutron diffraction or atom interferometry. Here we report on the first experimental demonstration of quantum interference lithography with complex molecules. Molecular matter-wave interference patterns are deposited onto a reconstructed Si(111) 7x7 surface and imaged using scanning tunneling microscopy. Thereby both the particle and the quantum wave character of the molecules can be visualized in one and the same image. This new approach to nanolithography therefore also represents a sensitive new detection scheme for quantum interference experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Juffmann
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Wahlbeck PG. Simulated Speed Distributions for Effusing Gases in the Transition Region. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:8944-9. [PMID: 16834299 DOI: 10.1021/jp052043d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Monte Carlo techniques were used to evaluate the flow of molecules through an ideal orifice (effusion) as predicted by isotropy-failure theory. Binary collisions of molecules were treated using classical mechanics with random numbers used for molecular speeds, directions, and recoil angles. Isotropy-failure theory was applied to give the dependence on pressure of the gas. Isotropy-failure theory assumes that the probability of escape is increased by the absence of the container wall where the orifice is located. The simulation was performed for Ar at 1000 K for 10(7) collisions. The simulation provided the number of molecules and their speeds in the orifice direction as a function of the isotropy-failure parameter domega/2pi (related to the Knudsen number defined as the mean-free path divided by orifice diameter). As domega/2pi increased (Knudsen number decreased, pressure increased) the transmission probability of the orifice increased, and the average speed of molecules escaping along the orifice normal increased. The results are compared to experimental results for the orifice transmission probability and speed distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip G Wahlbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260-0051, USA.
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Angel GC, Giles RA. The velocity distribution of atoms issuing from a multi-channel glass capillary array and its implication on the measurement of atomic beam scattering cross sections. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3700/5/1/018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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O'Hare BG, McCullough RW, Gilbody HB. Ionization of sodium and potassium vapour by 20-100 keV H+and He+ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3700/8/18/015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Li S, Clauser JF. Diode-laser production of collimated slow cold potassium beams and crossover resonances. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 49:2702-2713. [PMID: 9910549 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.49.2702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Chauhan RS, Sharma SC, Sharma SB, Sharma BS. Analysis of polarizabilities, potentials, and geometries of alkali–halide dimers. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.461763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Bedding DR, Moran TI. Spontaneous vibrational decay rate in the KF electronic ground state. J Chem Phys 1986. [DOI: 10.1063/1.450195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Pack RT. Transformation and averaging of theoretical differential cross sections for comparison with crossed molecular beam experiments. J Chem Phys 1984. [DOI: 10.1063/1.447857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Steel DG, McFarlane RA. Velocity-specific atomic-state selection in an atomic beam by continuous-wave optical pumping. OPTICS LETTERS 1983; 8:33-35. [PMID: 19714126 DOI: 10.1364/ol.8.000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present experimental results demonstrating strong velocity-distribution modification in a specific atomic state using optical pumping between hyperfine split levels. These results show that the velocity of a specific state can be defined within 6%, corresponding to a local temperature of 1 K. The velocity-specific-state selection is accomplished by using a nearly effusive atomic beam of sodium and a single frequency-stabilized dye laser.
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Christiansen PA, Pitzer KS. Electronic structure and dissociation curves for the ground states of Tl2 and Tl2+ from relativistic effective potential calculations. J Chem Phys 1981. [DOI: 10.1063/1.441223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Vasile MJ, Stevie FA. Velocity distribution effects on mass spectra observed using a molecular beam inlet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-7381(77)83005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Time-of-Flight Scattering Spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2199(08)60046-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Zorn JC, English TC. Molecular Beam Electric Resonance Spectroscopy. ADVANCES IN ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2199(08)60117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Donohue T, Chou M, Fisk G. Inelastic scattering of vibrationally excited KBr by small polar molecules. Chem Phys 1973. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(73)80031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Grimley RT, Muenow DW, LaRue JL. On a Mass Spectrometric Angular Distribution Study of the Effusion of the Potassium Chloride Vapor System from Cylindrical Orifices. J Chem Phys 1972. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1676894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wang KC, Wahlbeck PG. Effusion. VI. Velocity Distributions of Gaseous CsCl from Near‐Ideal and Right‐Circular Cylindrical Orifices. J Chem Phys 1970. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1674416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Milne TA, Greene FT. Molecular Beams in High Temperature Chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1969. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2741(13)70009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Zorn JC, Chamberlain GE, Hughes VW. Experimental Limits for the Electron-Proton Charge Difference and for the Charge of the Neutron. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1963. [DOI: 10.1103/physrev.129.2566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chamberlain GE, Zorn JC. Alkali Polarizabilities by the Atomic Beam Electrostatic Deflection Method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1963. [DOI: 10.1103/physrev.129.677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Beck D, Greene EF, Ross J. Study of the Reaction of K with HBr in Crossed Molecular Beams. J Chem Phys 1962. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1733115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Moran TI, Trischka JW. New Determinations of the Vibrational Constants of Li6F and Li6Cl35 by the Molecular Beam Electric Resonance Method. J Chem Phys 1961. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1731694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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6. Molecular Beams. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1961. [DOI: 10.1016/s0076-695x(08)60198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Rao VS, Schoonmaker RC. Velocity Analysis of Molecular Beams Generated from NaOH Vapors. J Chem Phys 1960. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1731491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Greene EF, Roberts RW, Ross J. Variation of a Chemical Reaction Cross Section with Energy. J Chem Phys 1960. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1730823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rothe EW, Bernstein RB. Total Collision Cross Sections for the Interaction of Atomic Beams of Alkali Metals with Gases. J Chem Phys 1959. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1730662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kusch P. Nuclear Reorientation Spectrum of Li7 in the Gaseous Monomers and Dimers of the Lithium Halides. J Chem Phys 1959. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1729941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Eisenstadt M, Rothberg GM, Kusch P. Molecular Composition of Alkali Fluoride Vapors. J Chem Phys 1958. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1744593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Datz S, Taylor EH. Ionization on Platinum and Tungsten Surfaces. II. The Potassium Halides. J Chem Phys 1956. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1742932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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