1
|
Trusted Noise in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution: A Threat and a Defense. ENTROPY 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/e18010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
2
|
|
3
|
Nha H, Carmichael HJ. Proposed test of quantum nonlocality for continuous variables. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:020401. [PMID: 15323881 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.020401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We propose a test of nonlocality for continuous variables using a two-mode squeezed state as the source of nonlocal correlations and a measurement scheme based on conditional homodyne detection. Both the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt and the Clauser-Horne inequality are constructed from the conditional homodyne data and found to be violated for a squeezing parameter larger than r approximately 0.48.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunchul Nha
- Department of Physics, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
|
5
|
Lu YJ, Campbell RL, Ou ZY. Mode-locked two-photon states. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:163602. [PMID: 14611404 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.163602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The concept of mode locking in laser is applied to a two-photon state with frequency entanglement. Cavity enhanced parametric down conversion is found to produce exactly such a state. The mode-locked two-photon state exhibits a comblike correlation function. An unbalanced Hong-Ou-Mandel type interferometer is used to measure the correlation function. A revival of the typical interference dip is observed. We will discuss a scheme for engineering of quantum states in time domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y J Lu
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen ZB, Pan JW, Hou G, Zhang YD. Maximal violation of Bell's inequalities for continuous variable systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 88:040406. [PMID: 11801099 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.040406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We generalize Bell's inequalities to biparty systems with continuous quantum variables. This is achieved by introducing the Bell operator in perfect analogy to the usual spin- 1/2 systems. It is then demonstrated that two-mode squeezed vacuum states display quantum nonlocality by using the generalized Bell operator. In particular, the original Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen states, which are the limiting case of the two-mode squeezed vacuum states, can maximally violate Bell's inequality due to Clauser, Horne, Shimony, and Holt. The experimental aspect of our scheme is briefly considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Bing Chen
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ralph TC, Munro WJ, Polkinghorne RE. Proposal for the measurement of bell-type correlations from continuous variables. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:2035-2039. [PMID: 10970457 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.2035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We show theoretically that Bell-type correlations can be observed between continuous variable measurements performed on a parametric source. An auxiliary measurement, performed on the detection environment, negates the possibility of constructing a local realistic description of these correlations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- TC Ralph
- Department of Physics, Centre for Laser Science, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kuzmich A, Walmsley IA, Mandel L. Violation of Bell's inequality by a generalized einstein-podolsky-rosen state using homodyne detection. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:1349-1353. [PMID: 10970502 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/1999] [Revised: 04/19/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Using homodyning with weak coherent fields and photon counting, we have observed violations of Bell-type inequalities by the generalized Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen state produced in a pulsed nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier, as predicted by Grangier et al. [Phys. Rev. A 38, 3132 (1988)]. The maximum observed visibility of the interference pattern was (89+/-4)%. This interference can be regarded as a manifestation of nonlocality in the sense described by Banaszek and Wodkiewicz [Phys. Rev. A 58, 4345 (1998)]. We have investigated the interference both theoretically and experimentally and have measured the influence of dispersion and phase matching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kuzmich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Ou ZY. Parametric down-conversion with coherent pulse pumping and quantum interference between independent fields. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1088/1355-5111/9/4/009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
11
|
Yurke B, Stoler D. Bell's-inequality experiment employing four harmonic oscillators. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 51:3437-3444. [PMID: 9912003 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.51.3437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
12
|
Pittman TB, Shih YH, Sergienko AV, Rubin MH. Experimental tests of Bell's inequalities based on space-time and spin variables. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 51:3495-3498. [PMID: 9912010 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.51.3495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
13
|
Mann A, Sanders BC, Munro WJ. Bell's inequality for an entanglement of nonorthogonal states. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 51:989-991. [PMID: 9911676 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.51.989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
|
14
|
Koashi M, Kono K, Matsuoka M, Hirano T. Probing the two-photon phase coherence of parametrically down-converted photons by a local oscillator. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:R3605-R3608. [PMID: 9911444 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.r3605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
15
|
Munro WJ, Reid MD. Multiparticle and higher-spin tests of quantum mechanics using parametric down-conversion. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:3661-3681. [PMID: 9911332 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.3661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
16
|
|
17
|
Pavicic M. Spin-correlated interferometry for polarized and unpolarized photons on a beam splitter. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:3486-3491. [PMID: 9911299 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.3486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
|
18
|
Munro WJ, Reid MD. Violation of Bell's inequality by macroscopic states generated via parametric down-conversion. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1993; 47:4412-4421. [PMID: 9909449 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.47.4412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
19
|
Santos E. Critical analysis of the empirical tests of local hidden-variable theories. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1992; 46:3646-3656. [PMID: 9908554 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.46.3646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
20
|
Ou ZY, Pereira SF, Kimble HJ. Realization of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox for continuous variables in nondegenerate parametric amplification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00325015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
21
|
Yurke B, Stoler D. Bell's-inequality experiments using independent-particle sources. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1992; 46:2229-2234. [PMID: 9908377 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.46.2229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
22
|
Reid MD, Munro WJ. Macroscopic boson states exhibiting the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger contradiction with local realism. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 69:997-1001. [PMID: 10047097 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
23
|
|
24
|
Yurke B, Stoler D. Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen effects from independent particle sources. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 68:1251-1254. [PMID: 10046119 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
25
|
Tan SM, Walls DF, Collett MJ. Tan, Walls, and Collett reply. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 68:895. [PMID: 10046023 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
26
|
Joshi A, Lawande SV. Violation of Bell's inequality in the resonance fluorescence of two strongly driven two-level atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1991; 44:716-720. [PMID: 9905721 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.44.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
27
|
Tan SM, Walls DF, Collett MJ. Nonlocality of a single photon. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 66:252-255. [PMID: 10043759 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.66.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
28
|
Ou ZY, Zou XY, Wang LJ, Mandel L. Experiment on nonclassical fourth-order interference. PHYSICAL REVIEW A 1990; 42:2957-2965. [PMID: 9904366 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.42.2957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
29
|
Rarity JG, Tapster PR. Experimental violation of Bell's inequality based on phase and momentum. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1990; 64:2495-2498. [PMID: 10041727 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.64.2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
30
|
Rarity JG, Tapster PR. Two-color photons and nonlocality in fourth-order interference. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1990; 41:5139-5146. [PMID: 9903740 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.41.5139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
|
31
|
Ou ZY, Wang LJ, Zou XY, Mandel L. Coherence in two-photon down-conversion induced by a laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1990; 41:1597-1601. [PMID: 9903257 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.41.1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
32
|
Ou ZY, Wang LJ, Zou XY, Mandel L. Evidence for phase memory in two-photon down conversion through entanglement with the vacuum. PHYSICAL REVIEW A 1990; 41:566-568. [PMID: 9902912 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.41.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
33
|
Ou ZY, Wang LJ, Mandel L. Vacuum effects on interference in two-photon down conversion. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 40:1428-1435. [PMID: 9902277 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.40.1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|