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Dennis KA, Li Q, Sbalbi N, Brown SC, Furst EM. Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy Measurements of Colloidal Suspension Dynamics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:6129-6137. [PMID: 38470355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) is used to measure the dynamics of charged silica particles between the volume fractions 0.065 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.352 (weight percentages from 12.7 to 55.8 wt %). The short-time diffusivity averaged over the scattering vectors sampled by DWS D ¯ (ϕ) decreases with an increasing concentration. An effective hard-sphere model that accounts for hydrodynamic interactions and a double-layer repulsion fits the values up to an effective volume fraction ϕ e f f = ϕ b ^ 3 ≈ 0.6 , where b ^ is the excluded shell radius normalized by the particle radius b ^ = b/a = 1.3. While DWS measurements of diffusivity are sensitive to repulsive interactions, we show that they are relatively insensitive to attraction, such as those due to secondary minima in the interaction potential or weak depletion interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Dennis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Allan P. Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Allan P. Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Nicholas Sbalbi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Allan P. Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Scott C Brown
- The Chemours Company, Chemours Discovery Hub, N3-127B, 201 Discovery Blvd., Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
| | - Eric M Furst
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Allan P. Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Sbalbi N, Li Q, Furst EM. Effect of scatterer interactions on photon transport in diffusing wave spectroscopy. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:064609. [PMID: 36671116 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.064609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We calculate the effect of particle size, concentration, and interactions on the photon transport mean-free path l^{*} that characterizes the multiple light scattering in diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS). For scatterers of sufficient size, such that the first peak of the suspension structure factor S(q_{max}) remains in the range of accessible scattering vectors, neither repulsive nor attractive interactions between scatterers contribute strongly to l^{*}; its values are bounded by those for hard spheres and scatterers without interactions. However, for scatterers smaller than the wavelength of light, crowding induced by attraction or repulsion can lead to nonmonotonic behavior in l^{*} with increasing scatterer concentration. The effect is strongest for repulsive particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Sbalbi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Allan P. Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Allan P. Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Eric M Furst
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Allan P. Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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Choudhuri M, Datta A. Chain-length dependence of lipophilic force: comparison with the two-body van der Waals' force. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:355002. [PMID: 30027895 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aad4b6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic dodecanethiol capped Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) form two-dimensional patterns in monolayers of amphiphilic fatty acids ([Formula: see text]) at the air water interface. An interplay between the various lipophilic interactions, in turn, decides the NP cluster size, where stronger NP-monolayer and monolayer-monolayer attraction in fatty acid monolayers with longer tail length oppose nanoparticle aggregation resulting in a decrease in cluster size in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions. The decrease in the in-plane cluster size is steepest for 14 < n < 18, n being the total number of C atoms in the fatty acid, and levels off for higher fatty acids and cannot be explained on the basis of the two body van der Waals pair potential atleast at initial phases of pattern formation. The potential can be used only at later times, closer to stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Choudhuri
- Surface Physics and Materials Science Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700 064, India
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Li Y, Huo Y, Zhang Y. Two dimensional colloidal crystals formed by particle self-assembly due to hydrodynamic interaction. Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Takahashi K, Kato H, Kinugasa S. Development of a standard method for nanoparticle sizing by using the angular dependence of dynamic light scattering. ANAL SCI 2011; 27:751. [PMID: 21747185 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A standard method for nanoparticle sizing based on the angular dependence of dynamic light scattering was developed. The dependences of the diffusion coefficients for aqueous suspensions of polystyrene latex on the concentration and scattering angle were accurately measured by using a high-resolution dynamic light-scattering instrument. Precise measurements of the short-time correlation function at seven scattering angles and five concentrations were made for suspensions of polystyrene latex particles with diameters from 30 to 100 nm. The apparent diffusion coefficients obtained at various angles and concentrations showed properties characteristic of polystyrene latex particles with electrostatic interactions. A simulation was used to calculate a dynamic structure factor representing the long-range interactions between particles. Extrapolations to infinite dilution and to low angles gave accurate particle sizes by eliminating the effects of long-range interactions. The resulting particle sizes were consistent with those measured by using a differential mobility analyzer and those obtained by pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayori Takahashi
- Polymer Standards Section, Materials Characterization Division, National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Nagao M, Seto H. Concentration dependence of shape and structure fluctuations of droplet microemulsions investigated by neutron spin echo spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 78:011507. [PMID: 18763961 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.011507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe dynamic modes that originate from shape and structure fluctuations in a droplet microemulsion system. The modes are decoupled by a contrast variation neutron scattering technique using the relative intermediate form factor method. The strategy of the method is analogous to the relative form factor method, which decouples the form and structure factors from the small-angle neutron scattering intensity [M. Nagao, Phys. Rev. E 75, 061401 (2007)]. First, we will briefly explain theoretical and experimental approaches to understanding neutron spin echo (NSE) data from droplet microemulsion systems. Then we will introduce the relative intermediate form factor method, which decouples shape and structure fluctuations. The concentration dependence of the droplet dynamics in a microemulsion system is used to elucidate the strengths of this method. The intermediate form and structure factors are successfully decoupled from an observed intermediate scattering function by NSE. The decay rate of the shape fluctuation modes linearly decreases, while the fluctuation amplitude increases as the droplet concentration increases. The first cumulant of the obtained intermediate structure factor shows a clear de Gennes narrowing behavior at a length scale corresponding to the interdroplet distance. However, in the high-momentum-transfer and longer-time regions, the first cumulant deviates from the intermediate structure factor. This result suggests the existence of other dynamic modes of structure fluctuations rather than the center-of-mass diffusion mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Nagao
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, USA.
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Bier M, van Roij R. Nonequilibrium steady states in fluids of platelike colloidal particles. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 77:021401. [PMID: 18352025 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.77.021401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nonequilibrium steady states in an open system connecting two reservoirs of platelike colloidal particles are investigated by means of a recently proposed phenomenological dynamic density functional theory [M. Bier and R. van Roij, Phys. Rev. E 76, 021405 (2007)]. The platelike colloidal particles are approximated within the Zwanzig model of restricted orientations, which exhibits an isotropic-nematic bulk phase transition. Inhomogeneities of the local chemical potential generate a diffusion current which relaxes to a nonvanishing value if the two reservoirs coupled to the system sustain different chemical potentials. The relaxation process of initial states towards the steady state turns out to comprise two regimes: a smoothening of initial steplike structures followed by an ultimate relaxation of the slowest diffusive mode. The position of a nonequilibrium interface and the particle current of steady states depend nontrivially on the structure of the reservoirs due to the coupling between translational and orientational degrees of freedom of the fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bier
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, Leuvenlaan 4, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Bier M, van Roij R. Relaxation dynamics in fluids of platelike colloidal particles. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 76:021405. [PMID: 17930037 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.021405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2007] [Revised: 06/08/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The relaxation dynamics of a model fluid of platelike colloidal particles is investigated by means of a phenomenological dynamic density functional theory. The model fluid approximates the particles within the Zwanzig model of restricted orientations. The driving force for time dependence is expressed completely by gradients of the local chemical potential, which in turn is derived from a density functional-hydrodynamic interactions are not taken into account. These approximations are expected to lead to qualitatively reliable results for low densities like those within the isotropic-nematic two-phase region. The formalism is applied to model an initially spatially homogeneous stable or metastable isotropic fluid which is perturbed by switching a two-dimensional array of Gaussian laser beams. Switching on the laser beams leads to an accumulation of colloidal particles in the beam centers. If the initial chemical potential and the laser power are large enough, a preferred orientation of particles occurs, breaking the symmetry of the laser potential. After switching off the laser beams again, the system can follow different relaxation paths: It either relaxes back to the homogeneous isotropic state or it forms an approximately elliptical high-density core which is elongated perpendicular to the dominating orientation in order to minimize the surface free energy. For large supersaturations of the initial isotropic fluid, the high-density cores of neighboring laser beams of the two-dimensional array merge into complex superstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bier
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, Leuvenlaan 4, 3584CE Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Lynch ML, Kodger T, Weaver MR. Anticipating colloidal instabilities in cationic vesicle dispersions by measuring collective motions with dynamic light scattering. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 296:599-607. [PMID: 16300775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2005] [Revised: 09/21/2005] [Accepted: 09/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Vesicle dispersions are useful for many applications from medicinal to consumer products. However, using these dispersions requires some knowledge of and control over their colloidal properties. Measuring interparticle interactions between vesicles should allow framing the problem in terms of Smoluchowski kinetic models and consequently anticipating time-dependent aggregation and coalescence for the dispersions. However, this can be a difficult task for many complex mixtures. A primary goal of this paper is to show that it is possible to measure interparticle potential between small vesicles by measuring the concentration-dependent collective motion using dynamic light scattering. These measurements allow determination of the second virial coefficient for the dispersion, providing a convenient platform for summing all contributions to the interaction potential over all vesicle conformations, thus making the analysis of complex mixtures more tractable. As a verification of the approach, a comparison is made to dispersions in which the stability is governed solely by electrostatics, using existing techniques to anticipate instabilities. A second goal of this paper is to build a simple potential model in which the Smoluchowski model can be used to quantitatively anticipate the aggregation behavior of the small vesicle dispersion. Together, these observations constitute a convenient approach to anticipating the behavior of vesicle (and other) dispersions in complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Lynch
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Corporate Research Division, Miami Valley Laboratories, 11810 East Miami River Road, Cincinnati, OH 45252-1038, USA.
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Seefeldt KF, Solomon MJ. Self-diffusion in dilute colloidal suspensions with attractive potential interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2003; 67:050402. [PMID: 12786122 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.67.050402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The colloidal short-time self-diffusivity D(s)(s)(phi) is significantly retarded relative to hard sphere suspensions for the case of interparticle potential interactions induced by a nonadsorbing polymer. A comparison of diffusing wave spectroscopy measurements with direct calculations of D(s)(s)(phi) demonstrates that depletion effects on structure explain the observed retardation. We show that coexistence boundaries place unexpectedly severe constraints on the amount of D(s)(s)(phi) retardation possible for stable suspensions. The measured retardation is demonstrated to be an indicator of suspension metastability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt F Seefeldt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, USA
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Bryant G, Williams SR, Qian L, Snook IK, Perez E, Pincet F. How hard is a colloidal "hard-sphere" interaction? PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2002; 66:060501. [PMID: 12513261 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.66.060501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Poly-12-hydroxystearic acid (PHSA) is widely used as a coating on colloidal spheres to provide a "hard-sphere-type" interaction. These hard spheres have been widely used in fundamental studies of nucleation, crystallization, and glass formation. Most authors describe the interaction as "nearly" hard sphere. In this paper we directly measure this interaction, using layers of PHSA adsorbed onto mica sheets in a surfaces force apparatus. We find that the layers, in appropriate solvents, have no long-range interaction. When the solvent is decahydronaphthalene (decalin), the repulsion rises from zero to the maximum measurable over a distance range of 15-20 nm. The data is converted to equivalent forces between spheres of different diameters, and modeled using a hard core potential. Using zeroth-order perturbation theory and computer simulation, we demonstrate that the equation of state does not deviate from that of a perfect hard-sphere system under any relevant experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bryant
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, 3001 Australia.
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Gang H, Krall AH, Weitz DA. Thermal fluctuations of the shapes of droplets in dense and compressed emulsions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1995; 52:6289-6302. [PMID: 9964146 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.52.6289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Ladd AJ, Gang H, Zhu JX, Weitz DA. Temporal and spatial dependence of hydrodynamic correlations: Simulation and experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1995; 52:6550-6572. [PMID: 9964173 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.52.6550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ladd AJ, Gang H, Zhu JX, Weitz DA. Time-dependent collective diffusion of colloidal particles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 74:318-321. [PMID: 10058358 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Xue J, Herbolzheimer E, Rutgers MA, Russel WB, Chaikin PM. Diffusion, dispersion, and settling of hard spheres. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 69:1715-1718. [PMID: 10046295 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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