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Li HC, Ge GQ, Zhang HY. Dressed-state realization of the transition from electromagnetically induced transparency to Autler-Townes splitting in superconducting circuits. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:9844-9851. [PMID: 25969025 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.009844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigate electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) in a driven three-level superconducting artificial system which is a dressed-state system resulting from the coupling of a superconducting charge qubit (an artificial atom) and a transmission line resonator. In the frame of the dressed-state approach and steady-state approximation, we study the linear absorption of the dressed artificial system to a weak probe signal in depth. In light of the spectrum-decomposition method and some other restrictions, we obtain the explicit conditions for the dressed-state realization of EIT and ATS and present a corresponding "phase diagram". In contrast to usual bare systems, these conditions given in the dressed system have an extra dependency on the qubit-resonator parameters. And by varying the qubit's Josephson coupling energy we demonstrate a transition from EIT to ATS.
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Zhao L, Duan W, Yelin SF. All-optical Fresnel lens in coherent media: controlling image with image. OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 19:981-993. [PMID: 21263636 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.000981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically explore an all-optical method for generating tunable diffractive Fresnel lenses in coherent media based on electromagnetically induced transparency. In this method, intensity-modulated images in coupling light fields can pattern the coherent media to induce the desired modulo-2π quadratic phase profiles for the lenses to diffract probe light fields. We characterize the focusing and imaging properties of the induced lenses. In particular, we show that the images in coupling fields can flexibly control the images in probe fields by diffraction, where large focal length tunability from 1 m to infinity and high output (∼ 88% diffraction efficiency) can be achieved. Additionally, we also find that the induced Fresnel lenses can be rapidly modulated with megahertz refresh rates using image-bearing square pulse trains in coupling fields. Our proposed lenses may find a wide range of applications for multimode all-optical signal processing in both the classical and quantum regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhao
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Groves E, Clader BD, Eberly JH. Multipulse quantum control: exact solutions. OPTICS LETTERS 2009; 34:2539-2541. [PMID: 19684842 DOI: 10.1364/ol.34.002539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The coherent propagation of four optical pulses through a multilevel resonant medium is investigated theoretically. We present a self-consistent analytic solution without steady-state or adiabatic approximations and use numerical simulations to indicate that the analytic formulas can be used as a guide in an experimental setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Groves
- Rochester Theory Center and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
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Zhao L, Wang T, Yelin SF. Two-dimensional all-optical spatial light modulation with high speed in coherent media. OPTICS LETTERS 2009; 34:1930-1932. [PMID: 19571955 DOI: 10.1364/ol.34.001930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We show theoretical evidence that coherent systems based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can function as optically addressed spatial light modulators with megahertz modulation rates. The transverse spatial properties of cw probe fields can be modulated fast using two-dimensional optical patterns. To exemplify our proposal, we study real-time generation and manipulation of Laguerre-Gaussian beams by means of phase or amplitude modulation using flat-top image-bearing pulse trains as coupling fields in low-cost hot vapor EIT systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhao
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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Gorshkov AV, Jiang L, Greiner M, Zoller P, Lukin MD. Coherent quantum optical control with subwavelength resolution. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:093005. [PMID: 18352706 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.093005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We suggest a new method for quantum optical control with nanoscale resolution. Our method allows for coherent far-field manipulation of individual quantum systems with spatial selectivity that is not limited by the wavelength of radiation and can, in principle, approach a few nanometers. The selectivity is enabled by the nonlinear atomic response, under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency, to a control beam with intensity vanishing at a certain location. Practical performance of this technique and its potential applications to quantum information science with cold atoms, ions, and solid-state qubits are discussed.
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Hang C, Huang G, Deng L. Generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation and ultraslow optical solitons in a cold four-state atomic system. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2006; 73:036607. [PMID: 16605677 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.73.036607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the influence of high-order dispersion and nonlinearity on the propagation of ultraslow optical solitons in a lifetime broadened four-state atomic system under a Raman excitation. Using a standard method of multiple-scales we derive a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation and show that for realistic physical parameters and at the pulse duration of 10(-6)s, the effects of third-order linear dispersion, nonlinear dispersion, and delay in nonlinear refractive index can be significant and may not be considered as perturbations. We provide exact soliton solutions for the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation and demonstrate that optical solitons obtained may still have ultraslow propagating velocity. Numerical simulations on the stability and interaction of these ultraslow optical solitons in the presence of linear and differential absorptions are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hang
- Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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Cerboneschi E, Renzoni F, Arimondo E. Quantum interference and slow light propagation in cold samples of open three-level atoms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1088/1464-4266/4/4/303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Eberly JH, Kozlov VV. Wave equation for dark coherence in three-level media. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 88:243604. [PMID: 12059298 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.243604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report the derivation of a wave equation for coherence in "dark state" two-photon-resonance spectroscopy. One of its consequences is a dark state area theorem. The dark area theorem is a single ordinary differential equation which is globally equivalent, in a way we describe, to the full set of five coupled nonlinear partial differential equations that govern space-time evolution of two-pulse coherence in a lambda medium. The predictions of the dark area theorem are open to test via laser spectroscopy in dilute vapors and inhomogeneously broadened solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Eberly
- Rochester Theory Center for Optical Science and Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
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Vitanov NV, Halfmann T, Shore BW, Bergmann K. Laser-induced population transfer by adiabatic passage techniques. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2001; 52:763-809. [PMID: 11326080 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.52.1.763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 822] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We review some basic techniques for laser-induced adiabatic population transfer between discrete quantum states in atoms and molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Vitanov
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, PL 9, 00014 Finland.
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Liu C, Dutton Z, Behroozi CH, Hau LV. Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses. Nature 2001; 409:490-3. [PMID: 11206540 DOI: 10.1038/35054017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2000] [Accepted: 11/17/2000] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Electromagnetically induced transparency is a quantum interference effect that permits the propagation of light through an otherwise opaque atomic medium; a 'coupling' laser is used to create the interference necessary to allow the transmission of resonant pulses from a 'probe' laser. This technique has been used to slow and spatially compress light pulses by seven orders of magnitude, resulting in their complete localization and containment within an atomic cloud. Here we use electromagnetically induced transparency to bring laser pulses to a complete stop in a magnetically trapped, cold cloud of sodium atoms. Within the spatially localized pulse region, the atoms are in a superposition state determined by the amplitudes and phases of the coupling and probe laser fields. Upon sudden turn-off of the coupling laser, the compressed probe pulse is effectively stopped; coherent information initially contained in the laser fields is 'frozen' in the atomic medium for up to 1 ms. The coupling laser is turned back on at a later time and the probe pulse is regenerated: the stored coherence is read out and transferred back into the radiation field. We present a theoretical model that reveals that the system is self-adjusting to minimize dissipative loss during the 'read' and 'write' operations. We anticipate applications of this phenomenon for quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Liu
- Rowland Institute for Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
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Fleischhauer M, Lukin MD. Dark-state polaritons in electromagnetically induced transparency. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 84:5094-5097. [PMID: 10990875 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.5094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We identify form-stable coupled excitations of light and matter ("dark-state polaritons") associated with the propagation of quantum fields in electromagnetically induced transparency. The properties of dark-state polaritons such as the group velocity are determined by the mixing angle between light and matter components and can be controlled by an external coherent field as the pulse propagates. In particular, light pulses can be decelerated and "trapped" in which case their shape and quantum state are mapped onto metastable collective states of matter. Possible applications of this reversible coherent-control technique are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fleischhauer
- Sektion Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Theresienstrasse 37, D-80333 Munchen, Germany
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Lukin MD, Yelin SF, Fleischhauer M. Entanglement of atomic ensembles by trapping correlated photon states. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 84:4232-4235. [PMID: 10990653 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.4232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We describe a general technique that allows for an ideal transfer of quantum correlations between light fields and metastable states of matter. The technique is based on trapping quantum states of photons in coherently driven atomic media, in which the group velocity is adiabatically reduced to zero. We discuss possible applications such as quantum state memories, generation of squeezed atomic states, preparation of entangled atomic ensembles, quantum information processing, and quantum networking.
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Affiliation(s)
- MD Lukin
- ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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Cerboneschi E, Arimondo E. Propagation and amplitude correlation of pairs of intense pulses interacting with a double- Lambda system. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 54:5400-5409. [PMID: 9914111 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.5400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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