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Ovcharenko RE, Tupitsyn II, Savinov EP, Voloshina EN, Paulus B, Dedkov YS, Shulakov AS. Specific many-electron effects in X-ray spectra of simple metals and graphene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:6749-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp44304c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Biller A, Tamblyn I, Neaton JB, Kronik L. Electronic level alignment at a metal-molecule interface from a short-range hybrid functional. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:164706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3655357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Terauchi M, Koike M, Fukushima K, Kimura A. Development of wavelength-dispersive soft X-ray emission spectrometers for transmission electron microscopes--an introduction of valence electron spectroscopy for transmission electron microscopy. JOURNAL OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 2010; 59:251-261. [PMID: 20371492 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfq010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Two types of wavelength-dispersive soft X-ray spectrometers, a high-dispersion type and a conventional one, for transmission electron microscopes were constructed. Those spectrometers were used to study the electronic states of valence electrons (bonding electrons). Both spectrometers extended the acceptable energy regions to higher than 2000 eV. The best energy resolution of 0.08 eV was obtained for an Al L-emission spectrum by using the high-dispersion type spectrometer. By using the spectrometer, C K-emission of carbon allotropes, Cu L-emission of Cu(1-x)Zn(x) alloys and Pt M-emission spectra were presented. The FWHM value of 12 eV was obtained for the Pt Malpha-emission peak. The performance of the conventional one was also presented for ZnS and a section specimen of a multilayer device. W-M and Si-K emissions were clearly resolved. Soft X-ray emission spectroscopy based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has an advantage for obtaining spectra from a single crystalline specimen with a defined crystal setting. As an example of anisotropic soft X-ray emission, C K-emission spectra of single crystalline graphite with different crystal settings were presented. From the spectra, density of states of pi- and sigma-bondings were separately derived. These results demonstrated a method to analyse the electronic states of valence electrons of materials in the nanometre scale based on TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Terauchi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advance Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
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Siller L, Krishnamurthy S, Kjeldgaard L, Horrocks BR, Chao Y, Houlton A, Chakraborty AK, Hunt MRC. Core and valence exciton formation in x-ray absorption, x-ray emission and x-ray excited optical luminescence from passivated Si nanocrystals at the Si L(2,3) edge. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2009; 21:095005. [PMID: 21817378 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/9/095005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS), x-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) have been used to measure element specific filled and empty electronic states over the Si L(2,3) edge of passivated Si nanocrystals of narrow size distribution (diameter 2.2 ± 0.4 nm). These techniques have been employed to directly measure absorption and luminescence specific to the local Si nanocrystal core. Profound changes occur in the absorption spectrum of the nanocrystals compared with bulk Si, and new features are observed in the nanocrystal RIXS. Clear signatures of core and valence band exciton formation, promoted by the spatial confinement of electrons and holes within the nanocrystals, are observed, together with band narrowing due to quantum confinement. XEOL at 12 K shows an extremely sharp feature at the threshold of orange luminescence (i.e., at ∼1.56 eV (792 nm)) which we attribute to recombination of valence excitons, providing a lower limit to the nanocrystal band gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Siller
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
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Ahuja R, Brühwiler PA, Wills JM, Johansson B, Mårtensson N, Eriksson O. Theoretical and experimental study of the graphite 1s x-ray absorption edges. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:14396-14404. [PMID: 9985445 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.14396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Shin S, Agui A, Watanabe M, Fujisawa M, Tezuka Y, Ishii T. Observation of resonant Raman scattering at the Si L2,3 core exciton. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:15660-15666. [PMID: 9983400 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.15660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Shin S, Agui A, Fujisawa M, Tezuka Y, Ishii T, Minagawa Y, Suda Y, Ebina A, Mishima O, Era K. Resonant photoemission study on the boron 1s exciton of the wide-band-gap semiconductor c-BN. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:11853-11858. [PMID: 9980320 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.11853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Gu G, Schnatterly SE. Electronic structure of intercalated graphite studied by soft-x-ray-emission spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:5298-5301. [PMID: 9981717 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.5298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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O'Brien WL, Jia J, Dong QY, Callcott TA, Mueller DR, Ederer DL, Kao CC. Soft-x-ray investigation of Mg and Al oxides: Evidence for atomic and bandlike features. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:15482-15486. [PMID: 10005937 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.15482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Itoh M, Ohno N, Hashimoto S. Core-hole migration and relaxation effect in alkali halide excited by synchrotron radiation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 69:1133-1136. [PMID: 10047131 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Jensen E, Bartynski RA, Garrett RF, Hulbert SL, Johnson ED, Kao C. Origin of the low-energy tail in the Al L2,3VV Auger spectrum studied with Auger-photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:13636-13641. [PMID: 10001455 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Frota HO, Mahan GD. Band tails and bandwidth in simple metals. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:6243-6246. [PMID: 10000370 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.6243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Jia JJ, O'Brien WL, Callcott TA, Dong QY, Rubensson JE, Mueller DR, Ederer DL. Soft-x-ray-emission spectra of solid Kr and Xe. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 67:731-734. [PMID: 10044974 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.67.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Jia JJ, Callcott TA, O'Brien WL, Dong QY, Rubensson J, Mueller DR, Ederer DL, Rowe JE. Local partial densities of states in Ni and Co silicides studied by soft-x-ray-emission spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:4863-4870. [PMID: 9997858 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.4863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Bruhwiler PA, Schnatterly SE. Many-particle effects at core thresholds in simple metals. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:8013-8024. [PMID: 9993119 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.8013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Rubensson JE, Mueller D, Shuker R, Ederer DL, Zhang CH, Jia J, Callcott TA. Excitation-energy dependence in the L2,3 fluorescence spectrum of Si. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1990; 64:1047-1050. [PMID: 10042149 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.64.1047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Nithianandam J, Schnatterly SE. Effects of disorder on electronic structures of a-Si:H and a-SiO2. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 40:11786-11791. [PMID: 9991784 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.11786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bruhwiler PA, Schnatterly SE. Empirical application of Dyson's equation to the L2,3 soft-x-ray-emission transition densities of states of c-Si and a-Si:H. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 39:12649-12654. [PMID: 9948133 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Mahan GD, Sernelius BE. Electron-electron interactions and the bandwidth of metals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1989; 62:2718-2720. [PMID: 10040070 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.62.2718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Bruhwiler PA, Livins P, Schnatterly SE. Lack of mirror symmetry between x-ray absorption and emission edges of simple metals. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 39:5480-5483. [PMID: 9948942 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.5480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Livins P, Schnatterly SE. Shakeup in soft-x-ray emission. II. Plasmon satellites and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 37:6742-6749. [PMID: 9943942 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.6742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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