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Hansen KR. Is Dielectric Mismatch Actually Important in 2D Perovskites? NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:5550-5555. [PMID: 38683946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Understanding and controlling exciton properties are important for the design of 2D semiconductors, such as monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and 2D halide perovskites (HPs). This paper demonstrates that the widespread strategy used for the exciton engineering of 2D HPs, based on dielectric mismatch, is flawed since dielectric mismatch has very little correlation with exciton properties. For monolayer TMDCs, however, the dielectric mismatch is shown to be more important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kameron R Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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2
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Parveen S, Giri PK. Emerging doping strategies in two-dimensional hybrid perovskite semiconductors for cutting edge optoelectronics applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:995-1025. [PMID: 36131773 PMCID: PMC9417862 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00709b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed tremendous progress in metal halide perovskites, particularly in lead (Pb) halide perovskites, because of their extraordinary performance in cutting-edge optoelectronic devices. However, the toxicity of Pb and the environmental stability of the perovskites are two major issues that this field is currently facing. In recent years, 2D layered perovskites have emerged as a promising alternative to the traditional 3D perovskites due to their structural flexibility and higher environmental stability, though they lack the desired level of device efficiency. Doping with target ions can drastically tune the crystal structure, optical properties, charge recombination dynamics, and electronic properties of the 2D perovskite. Although the field of doping in 2D perovskites has seen substantial growth in recent times, no comprehensive review is available on the recent advances in doping of 2D perovskites and its effect on the optoelectronic properties. In this review, we summarize the progress in doping in 2D perovskites based on different doping sites including progress in different synthesis strategies and their impact on crystal structures and various optoelectronic properties. We then highlight the recent achievements in doped 2D perovskites for photovoltaic, LED and other emerging applications. Finally, we conclude with the challenges and the future scope in the doping studies of 2D layered perovskites, which need to be addressed for further developments of next-generation 2D perovskite-based optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaiya Parveen
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 India
| | - P K Giri
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 India
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3
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Majeed A, Ivanov P, Stevens B, Clarke E, Butler I, Childs D, Kojima O, Hogg R. Broadband THz absorption spectrometer based on excitonic nonlinear optical effects. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2019; 8:29. [PMID: 30886706 PMCID: PMC6414654 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-019-0137-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A broadly tunable THz source is realized via difference frequency generation, in which an enhancement to χ(3) that is obtained via resonant excitation of III-V semiconductor quantum well excitons is utilized. The symmetry of the quantum wells (QWs) is broken by utilizing the built-in electric-field across a p-i-n junction to produce effective χ(2) processes, which are derived from the high χ(3). This χ(2) media exhibits an onset of nonlinear processes at ~4 W cm-2, thereby enabling area (and, hence, power) scaling of the THz emitter. Phase matching is realized laterally through normal incidence excitation. Using two collimated 130 mW continuous wave (CW) semiconductor lasers with ~1-mm beam diameters, we realize monochromatic THz emission that is tunable from 0.75 to 3 THz and demonstrate the possibility that this may span 0.2-6 THz with linewidths of ~20 GHz and efficiencies of ~1 × 10-5, thereby realizing ~800 nW of THz power. Then, transmission spectroscopy of atmospheric features is demonstrated, thereby opening the way for compact, low-cost, swept-wavelength THz spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avan Majeed
- 1Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DE UK
| | - Pavlo Ivanov
- 2School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT UK
| | - Benjamin Stevens
- 1Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DE UK
| | - Edmund Clarke
- 3EPSRC National Centre for III-V Technologies, University of Sheffield, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ UK
| | - Iain Butler
- 2School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT UK
| | - David Childs
- 2School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT UK
| | - Osamu Kojima
- 4Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Richard Hogg
- 2School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT UK
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4
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Voronova NS, Kurbakov IL, Lozovik YE. Bose Condensation of Long-Living Direct Excitons in an Off-Resonant Cavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:235702. [PMID: 30576188 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.235702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We propose a way to increase the lifetime of two-dimensional direct excitons and show the possibility to observe their macroscopically coherent state at temperatures much higher than that of indirect exciton condensation. For a single GaAs quantum well embedded in photonic layered heterostructures with subwavelength period, we predict the exciton radiative decay to be strongly suppressed. Quantum hydrodynamics joined with the Bogoliubov approach are used to study the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless crossover in a finite exciton system with intermediate densities. Below the estimated critical temperatures, drastic growth of the correlation length is shown to be accompanied by a manyfold increase of the photoluminescence intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Voronova
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia
- Russian Quantum Center, 143025 Skolkovo, Moscow region, Russia
| | - I L Kurbakov
- Institute for Spectroscopy RAS, 142190 Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu E Lozovik
- Institute for Spectroscopy RAS, 142190 Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
- MIEM, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia
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5
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Brunetti MN, Berman OL, Kezerashvili RY. Optical absorption by indirect excitons in a transition metal dichalcogenide/hexagonal boron nitride heterostructure. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:225001. [PMID: 29658890 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aabe53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We study optical transitions in spatially indirect excitons in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) heterostructures separated by an integer number of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) monolayers. By solving the Schrödinger equation with the Keldysh potential for a spatially indirect exciton, we obtain eigenfunctions and eigenenergies for the ground and excited states and study their dependence on the interlayer separation, controlled by varying the number of h-BN monolayers. The oscillator strength, optical absorption coefficient, and optical absorption factor, the fraction of incoming photons absorbed in the TMDC/h-BN/TMDC heterostructure, are evaluated and studied as a function of the interlayer separation. Using input parameters from the existing literature which give the largest and the smallest spatially indirect exciton binding energy, we provide upper and lower bounds on all quantities presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Brunetti
- Physics Department, New York City College of Technology, The City University of New York, 300 Jay Street, Brooklyn, NY 11201, United States of America. The Graduate School and University Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
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6
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Straus DB, Kagan CR. Electrons, Excitons, and Phonons in Two-Dimensional Hybrid Perovskites: Connecting Structural, Optical, and Electronic Properties. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:1434-1447. [PMID: 29481089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) hybrid perovskites are stoichiometric compounds consisting of alternating inorganic metal-halide sheets and organoammonium cationic layers. This materials class is widely tailorable in composition, structure, and dimensionality and is providing an intriguing playground for the solid-state chemistry and physics communities to uncover structure-property relationships. In this Perspective, we describe semiconducting 2D perovskites containing lead and tin halide inorganic frameworks. In these 2D perovskites, charges are typically confined to the inorganic framework because of strong quantum and dielectric confinement effects, and exciton binding energies are many times greater than kT at room temperature. We describe the role of the heavy atoms in the inorganic framework; the geometry and chemistry of organic cations; and the "softness" of the organic-inorganic lattice on the electronic structure and dynamics of electrons, excitons, and phonons that govern the physical properties of these materials.
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7
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Suchomel H, Kreutzer S, Jörg M, Brodbeck S, Pieczarka M, Betzold S, Dietrich CP, Sęk G, Schneider C, Höfling S. Room temperature strong coupling in a semiconductor microcavity with embedded AlGaAs quantum wells designed for polariton lasing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:24816-24826. [PMID: 29041294 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.024816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a systematic study of the temperature and excitation density behavior of an AlAs/AlGaAs, vertically emitting microcavity with embedded ternary Al0.20Ga0.80As/AlAs quantum wells in the strong coupling regime. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements of the bare quantum wells indicate a crossover from the type-II indirect to the type-I direct transition. The resulting mixing of quantum well and barrier ground states in the conduction band leads to an estimated exciton binding energy systematically exceeding 25 meV. The formation of exciton-polaritons is evidenced in our quantum well microcavity via reflection measurements with Rabi splittings ranging from (13.93 ± 0.15) meV at low temperature (30 K) to (8.58 ± 0.40) meV at room temperature (300 K). Furthermore, the feasibility of polariton laser operation is demonstrated under non-resonant optical excitation conditions at 20 K and emission around 1.835 eV.
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8
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Brodbeck S, De Liberato S, Amthor M, Klaas M, Kamp M, Worschech L, Schneider C, Höfling S. Experimental Verification of the Very Strong Coupling Regime in a GaAs Quantum Well Microcavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:027401. [PMID: 28753330 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.027401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The dipole coupling strength g between cavity photons and quantum well excitons determines the regime of light matter coupling in quantum well microcavities. In the strong coupling regime, a reversible energy transfer between exciton and cavity photon takes place, which leads to the formation of hybrid polaritonic resonances. If the coupling is further increased, a hybridization of different single exciton states emerges, which is referred to as the very strong coupling regime. In semiconductor quantum wells such a regime is predicted to manifest as a photon-mediated electron-hole coupling leading to different excitonic wave functions for the two polaritonic branches when the ratio of the coupling strength to exciton binding energy g/E_{B} approaches unity. Here, we verify experimentally the existence of this regime in magneto-optical measurements on a microcavity characterized by g/E_{B}≈0.64, showing that the average electron-hole separation of the upper polariton is significantly increased compared to the bare quantum well exciton Bohr radius. This yields a diamagnetic shift around 0 detuning that exceeds the shift of the lower polariton by 1 order of magnitude and the bare quantum well exciton diamagnetic shift by a factor of 2. The lower polariton exhibits a diamagnetic shift smaller than expected from the coupling of a rigid exciton to the cavity mode, which suggests more tightly bound electron-hole pairs than in the bare quantum well.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Brodbeck
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - S De Liberato
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - M Amthor
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Klaas
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Kamp
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - L Worschech
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - C Schneider
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Höfling
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY 16 9SS, United Kingdom
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Schneider C, Winkler K, Fraser MD, Kamp M, Yamamoto Y, Ostrovskaya EA, Höfling S. Exciton-polariton trapping and potential landscape engineering. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2017; 80:016503. [PMID: 27841166 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/80/1/016503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities have become a model system for the studies of dynamical Bose-Einstein condensation, macroscopic coherence, many-body effects, nonclassical states of light and matter, and possibly quantum phase transitions in a solid state. These low-mass bosonic quasiparticles can condense at comparatively high temperatures up to 300 K, and preserve the fundamental properties of the condensate, such as coherence in space and time domain, even when they are out of equilibrium with the environment. Although the presence of a confining potential is not strictly necessary in order to observe Bose-Einstein condensation, engineering of the polariton confinement is a key to controlling, shaping, and directing the flow of polaritons. Prototype polariton-based optoelectronic devices rely on ultrafast photon-like velocities and strong nonlinearities exhibited by polaritons, as well as on their tailored confinement. Nanotechnology provides several pathways to achieving polariton confinement, and the specific features and advantages of different methods are discussed in this review. Being hybrid exciton-photon quasiparticles, polaritons can be trapped via their excitonic as well as photonic component, which leads to a wide choice of highly complementary trapping techniques. Here, we highlight the almost free choice of the confinement strengths and trapping geometries that provide powerful means for control and manipulation of the polariton systems both in the semi-classical and quantum regimes. Furthermore, the possibilities to observe effects of the polariton blockade, Mott insulator physics, and population of higher-order energy bands in sophisticated lattice potentials are discussed. Observation of such effects could lead to realization of novel polaritonic non-classical light sources and quantum simulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schneider
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Zettler JK, Corfdir P, Hauswald C, Luna E, Jahn U, Flissikowski T, Schmidt E, Ronning C, Trampert A, Geelhaar L, Grahn HT, Brandt O, Fernández-Garrido S. Observation of Dielectrically Confined Excitons in Ultrathin GaN Nanowires up to Room Temperature. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:973-980. [PMID: 26675526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The realization of semiconductor structures with stable excitons at room temperature is crucial for the development of excitonics and polaritonics. Quantum confinement has commonly been employed for enhancing excitonic effects in semiconductor heterostructures. Dielectric confinement, which gives rises to much stronger enhancement, has proven to be more difficult to achieve because of the rapid nonradiative surface/interface recombination in hybrid dielectric-semiconductor structures. Here, we demonstrate intense excitonic emission from bare GaN nanowires with diameters down to 6 nm. The large dielectric mismatch between the nanowires and vacuum greatly enhances the Coulomb interaction, with the thinnest nanowires showing the strongest dielectric confinement and the highest radiative efficiency at room temperature. In situ monitoring of the fabrication of these structures allows one to accurately control the degree of dielectric enhancement. These ultrathin nanowires may constitute the basis for the fabrication of advanced low-dimensional structures with an unprecedented degree of confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes K Zettler
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pierre Corfdir
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Hauswald
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Esperanza Luna
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Jahn
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Timur Flissikowski
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Emanuel Schmidt
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena , Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Carsten Ronning
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena , Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Achim Trampert
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lutz Geelhaar
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger T Grahn
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Brandt
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Xue K, Wang R, Ho HP, Xu J. Study of the electron standing wave states in scanning tunneling spectroscopy of Si(111) surface. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xue
- Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology and School of Physics; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Material Science and Technology Research Center; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin N.T. Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ruzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Thin Film Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Technology; Beijing 100022 People's Republic of China
| | - Ho-pui Ho
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Material Science and Technology Research Center; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin N.T. Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Material Science and Technology Research Center; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin N.T. Hong Kong SAR
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12
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Wang D, Lei X, Wu Z. Theoretical study of density-dependent intraexcitonic transitions in optically excited quantum wells. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:345801. [PMID: 21841223 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/34/345801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical study of the terahertz-pulse-induced intraexcitonic dynamics of optically created excitons in quantum wells, providing an explanation of the density dependence of the 1s-2p intraexcitonic transitions observed experimentally. We find that two types of many-body interactions, the phase space filling and the exchange interaction, are responsible for the observed red-shift of the resonance frequency. In addition to calculating the density renormalized exciton energy levels, which offer indirect information regarding the density-dependent 1s-2p transitions, we developed a mean-field approach to examine the intraexcitonic transition process directly. The resulting dynamic equation provides a useful tool to gain insight into the intraexcitonic transitions in semiconductor nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
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13
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Quantum description of the electromagnetic field in a confined polarizable medium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02874617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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La Rocca G. Wannier–Mott Excitons in Semiconductors. ELECTRONIC EXCITATIONS IN ORGANIC NANOSTRUCTURES 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1079-4050(03)31002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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15
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Malpuech G, Kavokin A, Langbein W, Hvam JM. Resonant Rayleigh scattering of exciton-polaritons in multiple quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:650-653. [PMID: 10991362 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A theoretical concept of resonant Rayleigh scattering (RRS) of exciton-polaritons in multiple quantum wells (QWs) is presented. The optical coupling between excitons in different QWs can strongly affect the RRS dynamics, giving rise to characteristic temporal oscillations on a picosecond scale. Bragg and anti-Bragg arranged QW structures with the same excitonic parameters are predicted to have drastically different RRS spectra. Experimental data on the RRS from multiple QWs show the predicted strong temporal oscillations at small scattering angles, which are well explained by the presented theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Malpuech
- Laboratoire des Sciences et Matériaux pour l'Electronique, et d'Automatique, UMR 6602 du CNRS, Université Blaise Pascal-Clermont-Ferrand II, 63177 Aubière Cedex, France
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16
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Fan X, Lacey S, Wang H. Microcavities combining a semiconductor with a fused-silica microsphere. OPTICS LETTERS 1999; 24:771-773. [PMID: 18073850 DOI: 10.1364/ol.24.000771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report studies of a novel microcavity system that combines a semiconductor quantum well with a fused-silica microsphere. We show that excitonic photoluminescence from the quantum well couples efficiently into whispering-gallery modes. Using a resonant light-scattering technique, we demonstrate that the Q factor of the combined system exceeds 10(5) . Our studies also point to the necessity of using semiconductor nanostructures with a capping layer no more than a few nanometers thick.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Fan
- Department of Physics and Oregon Center for Optics, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
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17
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Piermarocchi C, Savona V, Quattropani A, Schwendimann P, Tassone F. Photoluminescence and Carrier Dynamics in GaAs Quantum Wells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-396x(199711)164:1<221::aid-pssa221>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Cao H, Pau S, Yamamoto Y, Björk G. Exciton-polariton ladder in a semiconductor microcavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:8083-8086. [PMID: 9984487 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.8083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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21
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Pau S, Cao H, Jacobson J, Björk G, Yamamoto Y, Imamoglu A. Observation of a laserlike transition in a microcavity exciton polariton system. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 54:R1789-R1792. [PMID: 9913765 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.r1789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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22
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Cerne J, Kono J, Sherwin MS, Sundaram M, Gossard AC, Bauer GE. Terahertz Dynamics of Excitons in GaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 77:1131-1134. [PMID: 10062998 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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23
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Piermarocchi C, Tassone F, Savona V, Quattropani A, Schwendimann P. Nonequilibrium dynamics of free quantum-well excitons in time-resolved photoluminescence. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:15834-15841. [PMID: 9983420 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.15834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Gfroerer TH, Sturge MD, Kash K, Yater JA, Plaut AS, Lin PS, Florez LT, Harbison JP, Das SR, Lebrun L. Slow relaxation of excited states in strain-induced quantum dots. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:16474-16480. [PMID: 9983489 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.16474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Tassone F, Piermarocchi C, Savona V, Quattropani A, Schwendimann P. Photoluminescence decay times in strong-coupling semiconductor microcavities. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:R7642-R7645. [PMID: 9982287 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.r7642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Viña L, Calleja JM, Cros A, Cantarero A, Berendschot T, Perenboom JA, Ploog K. Role of excitons in double Raman resonances in GaAs quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:3975-3982. [PMID: 9983950 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.3975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Debarge G, Erasme D, Toledo-Alvarez A. Analytical perturbation derivation of the exciton binding energy in generalized infinite quantum wells: Application to type-I and -II finite-quantum-well structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:3983-3986. [PMID: 9983951 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.3983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Lorusso GF, Capozzi V, Staehli JL, Flesia C, Martin D, Favia P. Absorption spectra of GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs random superlattices at 2 K. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:1018-1021. [PMID: 9983544 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Fritze M, Perakis IE, Getter A, Knox W, Goossen KW, Cunningham JE, Jackson SA. Observation of a magnetic-field-induced transition in the behavior of extremely shallow quantum well excitons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 76:106-109. [PMID: 10060445 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.76.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Cao H, Klimovitch G, Björk G, Yamamoto Y. Theory of direct creation of quantum-well excitons by hole-assisted electron resonant tunneling. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:12184-12190. [PMID: 9980362 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Voliotis V, Grousson R, Lavallard P, Planel R. Binding energies and oscillator strengths of excitons in thin GaAs/Ga0.7Al0.3As quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:10725-10728. [PMID: 9980154 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.10725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Cao H, Klimovitch G, Björk G, Yamamoto Y. Direct creation of quantum well excitons by electron resonant tunneling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 75:1146-1149. [PMID: 10060217 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Pau S, Björk G, Jacobson J, Cao H, Yamamoto Y. Microcavity exciton-polariton splitting in the linear regime. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:14437-14447. [PMID: 9978375 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.14437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Goldoni G, Ruf T, Sapega VF, Fainstein A, Cardona M. Magneto-optical study of quantum-well electronic structure using disorder-induced resonant acoustic-phonon Raman scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:14542-14548. [PMID: 9978386 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.14542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Winkler R. Excitons and fundamental absorption in quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:14395-14409. [PMID: 9978371 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.14395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Sugawara M. Theory of spontaneous-emission lifetime of Wannier excitons in mesoscopic semiconductor quantum disks. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:10743-10754. [PMID: 9977771 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.10743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Liaci F, Bigenwald P, Briot O, Gil B, Briot N, Cloitre T, Aulombard RL. Band offsets and exciton binding energies in Zn1-xCdxSe-ZnSe quantum wells grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:4699-4702. [PMID: 9979330 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.4699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Fisher TA, Afshar AM, Whittaker DM, Skolnick MS, Roberts JS, Hill G, Pate MA. Electric-field and temperature tuning of exciton-photon coupling in quantum microcavity structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:2600-2603. [PMID: 9979022 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.2600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Optical Transitions, Excitons, and Polaritons in Bulk and Low-Dimensional Semiconductor Structures. CONFINED ELECTRONS AND PHOTONS 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1963-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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Binder E, Kuhn T, Mahler G. Coherent intraband and interband dynamics in double quantum wells: Exciton and free-carrier effects. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:18319-18329. [PMID: 9976267 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.18319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Norris TB, Rhee J, Sung C, Arakawa Y, Nishioka M, Weisbuch C. Time-resolved vacuum Rabi oscillations in a semiconductor quantum microcavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:14663-14666. [PMID: 9975704 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.14663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Vinattieri A, Shah J, Damen TC, Kim DS, Pfeiffer LN, Maialle MZ, Sham LJ. Exciton dynamics in GaAs quantum wells under resonant excitation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:10868-10879. [PMID: 9975189 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.10868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zhang B, Kano SS, Shiraki Y, Ito R. Reflectance study of the oscillator strength of excitons in semiconductor quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:7499-7508. [PMID: 9974732 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.7499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Zahler M, Cohen E, Salzman J, Linder E, Maayan E, Pfeiffer LN. Exciton dimensionality and confinement studied by resonant Raman scattering in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs Bragg-confining structures and superlattices. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:5305-5315. [PMID: 9976871 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.5305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Zhao QX, Monemar B, Holtz PO, Willander M, Fimland BO, Johannessen K. Binding energies and diamagnetic shifts for free excitons in symmetric coupled double quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:4476-4481. [PMID: 9976750 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.4476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Zhao QX, Holtz PO, Harris CI, Monemar B, Veje E. Free and acceptor-bound excitons in the transition region between two-dimensional and quasi-three-dimensional GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:2023-2026. [PMID: 9976407 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Houdré R, Stanley RP, Oesterle U, Ilegems M, Weisbuch C. Room-temperature cavity polaritons in a semiconductor microcavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:16761-16764. [PMID: 10010837 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.16761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Bryant GW. Hubbard model for intermediate-dimensional excitons. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:16129-16140. [PMID: 10010758 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.16129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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