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Aboljadayel ROM, Ionescu A, Burton OJ, Cheglakov G, Hofmann S, Barnes CHW. Growth and Characterisation Studies of Eu 3O 4 Thin Films Grown on Si/SiO 2 and Graphene. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1598. [PMID: 34204525 PMCID: PMC8233992 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the growth, structural and magnetic properties of the less studied Eu-oxide phase, Eu3O4, thin films grown on a Si/SiO2 substrate and Si/SiO2/graphene using molecular beam epitaxy. The X-ray diffraction scans show that highly textured crystalline Eu3O4(001) films are grown on both substrates, whereas the film deposited on graphene has a better crystallinity than that grown on the Si/SiO2 substrate. The SQUID measurements show that both films have a Curie temperature of ∼5.5±0.1 K, with a magnetic moment of ∼320 emu/cm3 at 2 K. The mixed valence of the Eu cations has been confirmed by the qualitative analysis of the depth-profile X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements with the Eu2+:Eu3+ ratio of 28:72. However, surprisingly, our films show no metamagnetic behaviour as reported for the bulk and powder form. Furthermore, the microscopic optical images and Raman measurements show that the graphene underlayer remains largely intact after the growth of the Eu3O4 thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan O. M. Aboljadayel
- Cavendish Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK; (A.I.); (G.C.); (C.H.W.B.)
- Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Adrian Ionescu
- Cavendish Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK; (A.I.); (G.C.); (C.H.W.B.)
| | - Oliver J. Burton
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK; (O.J.B.); (S.H.)
| | - Gleb Cheglakov
- Cavendish Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK; (A.I.); (G.C.); (C.H.W.B.)
| | - Stephan Hofmann
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK; (O.J.B.); (S.H.)
| | - Crispin H. W. Barnes
- Cavendish Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK; (A.I.); (G.C.); (C.H.W.B.)
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Minagawa K, Nishiguchi Y, Oka R, Masui T. Synthesis and Characterization of Ca 1-x Eu x ZrO 3 as Environmentally Friendly Inorganic Yellow Pigments. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:3411-3417. [PMID: 33553959 PMCID: PMC7860511 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Eu2+-doped calcium zirconates, Ca1-x Eu x ZrO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1), were synthesized as novel environmentally friendly inorganic yellow pigments by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The crystal structure, morphology, optical properties, and color were characterized. The Eu2+-doped samples strongly absorbed blue light in the wavelength range of 435-480 nm, which was caused by the 4f-5d allowed transition of Eu2+. The color of the sample gradually became brilliant yellow with increasing the Eu2+ content. Among the samples synthesized in this study, the brightest yellow color was obtained with the Ca0.7Eu0.3ZrO3 (a* = +11.5 and b* = +70.7) sample. Compared with the commercially available praseodymium yellow pigment (a* = -3.28, b* = +70.3), the yellowness value (b*) of Ca0.7Eu0.3ZrO3 was comparable and the redness value (a*) was higher. As a result, this pigment exhibited a reddish yellow color as compared with praseodymium yellow. In addition, this pigment was chemically stable. Therefore, the Ca0.7Eu0.3ZrO3 pigment has the potential to become a novel environmentally friendly inorganic yellow pigment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Minagawa
- Department of Engineering,
Graduate School of Sustainability Science, Tottori University, 4-101, Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nishiguchi
- Department of Engineering,
Graduate School of Sustainability Science, Tottori University, 4-101, Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Ryohei Oka
- Department of Chemistry
and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101, Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Masui
- Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101, Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center for Research on
Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101, Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
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Mariscal-Jiménez A, Tarazaga Martín-Luengo A, Galiana B, Ballesteros C, Bonanni A, Martín-Sánchez J, Serna R. Photoluminescence and Stoichiometry Correlation in Nanocrystalline EuO x Thin Films: Tunable Color Emission. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2020; 124:15434-15439. [PMID: 32704340 PMCID: PMC7370298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c03052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of broadband and ultracompact optoelectronic devices relies on the possibility of fabricating bright and tunable emitters at the nanoscale. Here, we show emission from EuO x (1 ≤ x < 1.4) thin films on silicon formed by nanocrystals with average sizes in the range of 5 nm. The photoluminescence emission of the nano-EuO x films is tunable as a function of the oxygen concentration changing from a green broadband Eu2+-related emission to a narrow red Eu3+-related emission. To reach these results has been instrumental through the use of a new methodology specially designed to achieve high-quality europium oxide films whose compositional properties are controlled by the growth base pressure and preserved thanks to a chemically stable and transparent cover layer of Al2O3. Our findings confirm the outstanding potential of nanostructured EuO x films as "one-compound" optical elements with tunable emission properties for their implementation in integrated silicon-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Mariscal-Jiménez
- Laser
Processing Group, Instituto de Óptica,
IO-CSIC, C/Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento
de Tecnologías de la Información, Escuela Politécnica
Superior, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU
Universities, Campus Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid 28668, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Galiana
- Department
of Physics, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad Carlos III, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ballesteros
- Department
of Physics, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad Carlos III, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberta Bonanni
- Institut
für Halbleiter-und-Festkörperphysik, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstr. 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Javier Martín-Sánchez
- Institut
für Halbleiter-und-Festkörperphysik, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstr. 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
- Departamento
de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
- Center of
Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CINN (CSIC−Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
| | - Rosalía Serna
- Laser
Processing Group, Instituto de Óptica,
IO-CSIC, C/Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Huang J, Yang K, Zhang Z, Yang L, Hirano SI. Layered perovskite LiEuTiO4 as a 0.8 V lithium intercalation electrode. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:7800-7803. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03933f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lithium intercalation into LiEuTiO4 with a 0.8 V potential plateau considering both the energy density and tolerance of lithium plating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Kaihua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Zhengxi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
- Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center
| | - Li Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
- Hirano Institute for Materials Innovation
| | - Shin-ichi Hirano
- Hirano Institute for Materials Innovation
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
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Zeng CH, Zheng K, Lou KL, Meng XT, Yan ZQ, Ye ZN, Su RR, Zhong S. Synthesis of Porous Europium Oxide Particles for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lv F, Zhang J, Gao C, Ma L, Gao D, Zhou S, Xue D. Hydrothermal epitaxy and resultant properties of EuTiO3 films on SrTiO3(001) substrate. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:266. [PMID: 24948889 PMCID: PMC4048538 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We report a novel epitaxial growth of EuTiO3 films on SrTiO3(001) substrate by hydrothermal method. The morphological, structural, chemical, and magnetic properties of these epitaxial EuTiO3 films were examined by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, respectively. As-grown EuTiO3 films with a perovskite structure were found to show an out-of-plane lattice shrinkage and room-temperature ferromagnetism, possibly resulting from an existence of Eu(3+). Postannealing at 1,000°C could reduce the amount of Eu(3+), relax the out-of-plane lattice shrinkage, and impact the magnetic properties of the films. PACS 81.10.Aj; 81.15.-z; 61.05.-a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhen Lv
- Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cunxu Gao
- Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Daqiang Gao
- Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shiming Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Desheng Xue
- Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Synthesis, structural characterization and properties of SrAl4−xGex, BaAl4−xGex, and EuAl4−xGex (x≈0.3–0.4)—Rare examples of electron-rich phases with the BaAl4 structure type. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2013.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kim MA, Lee SJ, Jung J, Park JK. A facile reduction of Eu3+to Eu2+in gadolinium monosulfidenanoparticles using a mixed solvent of oleic acid/hexadecylamine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:904-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc16632a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Petersen J, Brimont C, Gallart M, Schmerber G, Gilliot P, Ulhaq-Bouillet C, Rehspringer JL, Colis S, Becker C, Slaoui A, Dinia A. Correlation of structural properties with energy transfer of Eu-doped ZnO thin films prepared by sol-gel process and magnetron reactive sputtering. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 2010; 107:123522. [PMID: 20644657 PMCID: PMC2905453 DOI: 10.1063/1.3436628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 04/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the structural and optical properties of Eu-doped ZnO thin films made by sol-gel technique and magnetron reactive sputtering on Si (100) substrate. The films elaborated by sol-gel process are polycrystalline while the films made by sputtering show a strongly textured growth along the c-axis. X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron microscopy analysis show that all samples are free of spurious phases. The presence of Eu(2+) and Eu(3+) into the ZnO matrix has been confirmed by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. This means that a small fraction of Europium substitutes Zn(2+) as Eu(2+) into the ZnO matrix; the rest of Eu being in the trivalent state. This is probably due to the formation of Eu(2)O(3) oxide at the surface of ZnO particles. This is at the origin of the strong photoluminescence band observed at 2 eV, which is characteristic of the (5)D(0)-->(7)F(2) Eu(3+) transition. In addition the photoluminescence excitonic spectra showed efficient energy transfer from the ZnO matrix to the Eu(3+) ion, which is qualitatively similar for both films although the sputtered films have a better structural quality compared to the sol-gel process grown films.
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Wang P, Meng L, Wang XB, Li YJ, Sheng CQ, Zhang WH, Xu Y, Xu FQ, Zhu JF, Li HN. Electronic structure of Eu-C(70) fullerides. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:175504. [PMID: 21393671 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/17/175504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure of Eu-intercalated C(70) has been studied by a synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy technique. At low intercalation levels (below the stoichiometry of Eu(3)C(70)), the photoemission data clearly exhibit charge transfer from Eu 6s states to the lowest-unoccupied-molecular-orbital (LUMO) and the LUMO + 1 of C(70). The amount of charge transfer reaches its maximum far before intercalation saturation. Detailed analysis reveals that most of the 5d6s electrons of Eu occupy the so-called interstitial states in the saturation phase (Eu(9)C(70)). The interstitial states are induced by a Eu sub-lattice formed at heavy intercalation levels, and comprise substantial 6s-π hybridized states. The π states participating in the hybridization are mainly the HOMO - n (n = 6-10) orbitals. The PES data also reveal the semiconducting property for both Eu(3)C(70) and Eu(9)C(70). The 6s-(HOMO - n) hybridization and the semiconducting property should play important roles in understanding the ferromagnetic mechanism for Eu(9)C(70).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
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