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Li Q, Ning D, Wong D, An K, Tang Y, Zhou D, Schuck G, Chen Z, Zhang N, Liu X. Improving the oxygen redox reversibility of Li-rich battery cathode materials via Coulombic repulsive interactions strategy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1123. [PMID: 35236854 PMCID: PMC8891320 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28793-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxygen redox reaction in lithium-rich layered oxide battery cathode materials generates extra capacity at high cell voltages (i.e., >4.5 V). However, the irreversible oxygen release causes transition metal (TM) dissolution, migration and cell voltage decay. To circumvent these issues, we introduce a strategy for tuning the Coulombic interactions in a model Li-rich positive electrode active material, i.e., Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2. In particular, we tune the Coulombic repulsive interactions to obtain an adaptable crystal structure that enables the reversible distortion of TMO6 octahedron and mitigates TM dissolution and migration. Moreover, this strategy hinders the irreversible release of oxygen and other parasitic reactions (e.g., electrolyte decomposition) commonly occurring at high voltages. When tested in non-aqueous coin cell configuration, the modified Li-rich cathode material, combined with a Li metal anode, enables a stable cell discharge capacity of about 240 mAh g-1 for 120 cycles at 50 mA g-1 and a slower voltage decay compared to the unmodified Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Li
- Centre of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - De Ning
- Department of Dynamics and Transport in Quantum Materials and Department of Structure and Dynamics of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin, 14109, Germany
- Centre for Photonics Information and Energy Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Deniz Wong
- Department of Dynamics and Transport in Quantum Materials and Department of Structure and Dynamics of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin, 14109, Germany
| | - Ke An
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Yuxin Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Dynamics and Transport in Quantum Materials and Department of Structure and Dynamics of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin, 14109, Germany
| | - Götz Schuck
- Department of Dynamics and Transport in Quantum Materials and Department of Structure and Dynamics of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin, 14109, Germany
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, P. R. China
| | - Nian Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Liu
- Centre of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
- CAS Centre for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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2
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Källman E, Guo M, Delcey MG, Meyer DA, Gaffney KJ, Lindh R, Lundberg M. Simulations of valence excited states in coordination complexes reached through hard X-ray scattering. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:8325-8335. [PMID: 32236271 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01003k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hard X-ray spectroscopy selectively probes metal sites in complex environments. Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) makes it is possible to directly study metal-ligand interactions through local valence excitations. Here multiconfigurational wavefunction simulations are used to model valence K pre-edge RIXS for three metal-hexacyanide complexes by coupling the electric dipole-forbidden excitations with dipole-allowed valence-to-core emission. Comparisons between experimental and simulated spectra makes it possible to evaluate the simulation accuracy and establish a best-modeling practice. The calculations give correct descriptions of all LMCT excitations in the spectra, although energies and intensities are sensitive to the description of dynamical electron correlation. The consistent treatment of all complexes shows that simulations can rationalize spectral features. The dispersion in the manganese(iii) spectrum comes from unresolved multiple resonances rather than fluorescence, and the splitting is mainly caused by differences in spatial orientation between holes and electrons. The simulations predict spectral features that cannot be resolved in current experimental data sets and the potential for observing d-d excitations is also explored. The latter can be of relevance for non-centrosymmetric systems with more intense K pre-edges. These ab initio simulations can be used to both design and interpret high-resolution X-ray scattering experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Källman
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Meiyuan Guo
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Mickaël G Delcey
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Drew A Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Kelly J Gaffney
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Organic Chemistry, Uppsala University, S-75105 Uppsala, Sweden and Uppsala Center for Computational Chemistry (UC3), Uppsala University, P.O. Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcus Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
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3
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Titus CJ, Baker ML, Lee SJ, Cho HM, Doriese WB, Fowler JW, Gaffney K, Gard JD, Hilton GC, Kenney C, Knight J, Li D, Marks R, Minitti MP, Morgan KM, O'Neil GC, Reintsema CD, Schmidt DR, Sokaras D, Swetz DS, Ullom JN, Weng TC, Williams C, Young BA, Irwin KD, Solomon EI, Nordlund D. L-edge spectroscopy of dilute, radiation-sensitive systems using a transition-edge-sensor array. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:214201. [PMID: 29221417 PMCID: PMC5720893 DOI: 10.1063/1.5000755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We present X-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) measurements on the iron L-edge of 0.5 mM aqueous ferricyanide. These measurements demonstrate the ability of high-throughput transition-edge-sensor (TES) spectrometers to access the rich soft X-ray (100-2000 eV) spectroscopy regime for dilute and radiation-sensitive samples. Our low-concentration data are in agreement with high-concentration measurements recorded by grating spectrometers. These results show that soft-X-ray RIXS spectroscopy acquired by high-throughput TES spectrometers can be used to study the local electronic structure of dilute metal-centered complexes relevant to biology, chemistry, and catalysis. In particular, TES spectrometers have a unique ability to characterize frozen solutions of radiation- and temperature-sensitive samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Titus
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Michael L Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Hsiao-Mei Cho
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - William B Doriese
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Joseph W Fowler
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Kelly Gaffney
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Johnathon D Gard
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Gene C Hilton
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Chris Kenney
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jason Knight
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Dale Li
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Ronald Marks
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Michael P Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Kelsey M Morgan
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Galen C O'Neil
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Carl D Reintsema
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Daniel R Schmidt
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Daniel S Swetz
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Joel N Ullom
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | - Betty A Young
- Department of Physics, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - Kent D Irwin
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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4
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Van Kuiken BE, Hahn AW, Maganas D, DeBeer S. Measuring Spin-Allowed and Spin-Forbidden d–d Excitations in Vanadium Complexes with 2p3d Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:11497-11501. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E. Van Kuiken
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Anselm W. Hahn
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Maganas
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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5
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Gao X, Casa D, Kim J, Gog T, Li C, Burns C. Toroidal silicon polarization analyzer for resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:083107. [PMID: 27587100 DOI: 10.1063/1.4959566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) is a powerful probe for studying electronic excitations in materials. Standard high energy RIXS measurements do not measure the polarization of the scattered x-rays, which is unfortunate since it carries information about the nature and symmetry of the excitations involved in the scattering process. Here we report the fabrication of thin Si-based polarization analyzers with a double-concave toroidal surface, useful for L-edge RIXS studies in heavier atoms such as the 5-d transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Gao
- Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5252, USA
| | - Diego Casa
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Jungho Kim
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Thomas Gog
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Chengyang Li
- Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5252, USA
| | - Clement Burns
- Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5252, USA
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6
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Guo M, Källman E, Sørensen LK, Delcey MG, Pinjari RV, Lundberg M. Molecular Orbital Simulations of Metal 1s2p Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:5848-55. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meiyuan Guo
- Department
of Chemistry−Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Källman
- Department
of Chemistry−Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lasse Kragh Sørensen
- Department
of Chemistry−Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mickaël G. Delcey
- Department
of Chemistry−Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rahul V. Pinjari
- Department
of Chemistry−Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcus Lundberg
- Department
of Chemistry−Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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7
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Guo M, Gao Y, Shao G. Complex doping chemistry owing to Mn incorporation in nanocrystalline anatase TiO2 powders. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:2818-29. [PMID: 26728111 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05318h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mn-doped TiO2 powders with a wide range of nominal doping levels were fabricated using a one-step hydrothermal method followed by 400 °C annealing. Anatase powders with a uniform size distribution below 10 nm were obtained. The maximum solubility of Mn in the TiO2 lattice was around 30%, beyond which the Mn3O4 compound appeared as a secondary phase. The optical absorption edges for Mn-doped anatase TiO2 were red-shifted effectively through increasing Mn content. Alloying chemistry and associated elemental valences were elaborated through combining X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and theoretical simulation in the framework of density functional theory (DFT). The results showed that the Mn species exhibited mixed valence states of 3+ and 4+ in anatase TiO2, with the latter being the key to remarkable photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Guo
- Institute for Renewable Energy and Environmental Technologies, University of Bolton, Bolton, BL3 5AB, UK. and Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Yun Gao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - G Shao
- Institute for Renewable Energy and Environmental Technologies, University of Bolton, Bolton, BL3 5AB, UK. and UK-China Centre for Multifunctional Nanomaterials, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, China
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8
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Golnak R, Xiao J, Pohl M, Schwanke C, Neubauer A, Lange KM, Atak K, Aziz EF. Influence of the Outer Ligands on Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer in Solvated Manganese Porphyrins. Inorg Chem 2015; 55:22-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronny Golnak
- Department of Chemistry, Free University Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kaan Atak
- Department of Physics, Free University Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Emad F. Aziz
- Department of Physics, Free University Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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9
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Xiao J, Khan M, Singh A, Suljoti E, Spiccia L, Aziz EF. Enhancing catalytic activity by narrowing local energy gaps--X-ray studies of a manganese water oxidation catalyst. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:872-877. [PMID: 25605663 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201403219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the local electronic structure of the Mn 3d orbitals of a Mn catalyst derived from a dinuclear Mn(III) complex during the water oxidation cycle were investigated ex situ by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) analyses. Detailed information about the Mn 3d orbitals, especially the local HOMO-LUMO gap on Mn sites revealed by RIXS analyses, indicated that the enhancement in catalytic activity (water oxidation) originated from the narrowing of the local HOMO-LUMO gap when electrical voltage and visible light illumination were applied simultaneously to the Mn catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fur Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin (Germany).
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10
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Kapilashrami M, Zhang Y, Liu YS, Hagfeldt A, Guo J. Probing the Optical Property and Electronic Structure of TiO2 Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy Applications. Chem Rev 2014; 114:9662-707. [DOI: 10.1021/cr5000893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mukes Kapilashrami
- Advanced
Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- College
of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Sheng Liu
- Advanced
Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Physical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry−Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Advanced
Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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11
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Kristiansen PT, Dahbi M, Gustafsson T, Edström K, Newby D, Smith KE, Duda LC. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic scattering study of the first lithiation cycle of the Li-ion battery cathode Li2−xMnSiO4. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:3846-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54103g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Lundberg M, Kroll T, DeBeer S, Bergmann U, Wilson SA, Glatzel P, Nordlund D, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Solomon EI. Metal-ligand covalency of iron complexes from high-resolution resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17121-34. [PMID: 24131028 PMCID: PMC3920600 DOI: 10.1021/ja408072q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Data from Kα resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) have been used to extract electronic structure information, i.e., the covalency of metal-ligand bonds, for four iron complexes using an experimentally based theoretical model. Kα RIXS involves resonant 1s→3d excitation and detection of the 2p→1s (Kα) emission. This two-photon process reaches similar final states as single-photon L-edge (2p→3d) X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), but involves only hard X-rays and can therefore be used to get high-resolution L-edge-like spectra for metal proteins, solution catalysts and their intermediates. To analyze the information content of Kα RIXS spectra, data have been collected for four characteristic σ-donor and π-back-donation complexes: ferrous tacn [Fe(II)(tacn)2]Br2, ferrocyanide [Fe(II)(CN)6]K4, ferric tacn [Fe(III)(tacn)2]Br3 and ferricyanide [Fe(III)(CN)6]K3. From these spectra metal-ligand covalencies can be extracted using a charge-transfer multiplet model, without previous information from the L-edge XAS experiment. A direct comparison of L-edge XAS and Kα RIXS spectra show that the latter reaches additional final states, e.g., when exciting into the e(g) (σ*) orbitals, and the splitting between final states of different symmetry provides an extra dimension that makes Kα RIXS a more sensitive probe of σ-bonding. Another key difference between L-edge XAS and Kα RIXS is the π-back-bonding features in ferro- and ferricyanide that are significantly more intense in L-edge XAS compared to Kα RIXS. This shows that two methods are complementary in assigning electronic structure. The Kα RIXS approach can thus be used as a stand-alone method, in combination with L-edge XAS for strongly covalent systems that are difficult to probe by UV/vis spectroscopy, or as an extension to conventional absorption spectroscopy for a wide range of transition metal enzymes and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Samuel A. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Keith O. Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Edward I. Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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13
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van Schooneveld MM, Gosselink RW, Eggenhuisen TM, Al Samarai M, Monney C, Zhou KJ, Schmitt T, de Groot FMF. A multispectroscopic study of 3d orbitals in cobalt carboxylates: the high sensitivity of 2p3d resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy to the ligand field. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:1170-4. [PMID: 23225760 PMCID: PMC3564409 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matti M van Schooneveld
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht (The Netherlands)
| | - Robert W Gosselink
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht (The Netherlands)
| | - Tamara M Eggenhuisen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht (The Netherlands)
| | - Mustafa Al Samarai
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht (The Netherlands)
| | - Claude Monney
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)5232 Villigen PSI (Switzerland)
| | - Kejin J Zhou
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)5232 Villigen PSI (Switzerland)
| | - Thorsten Schmitt
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)5232 Villigen PSI (Switzerland)
| | - Frank M F de Groot
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht (The Netherlands)
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14
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A Multispectroscopic Study of 3 d Orbitals in Cobalt Carboxylates: The High Sensitivity of 2p3d Resonant X-ray Emission Spectroscopy to the Ligand Field. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Gao X, Burns C, Casa D, Upton M, Gog T, Kim J, Li C. Development of a graphite polarization analyzer for resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:113108. [PMID: 22128967 DOI: 10.1063/1.3662472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) is a powerful technique for studying electronic excitations in correlated electron systems. Current RIXS spectrometers measure the changes in energy and momentum of the photons scattered by the sample. A powerful extension of the RIXS technique is the measurement of the polarization state of the scattered photons which contains information about the symmetry of the excitations. This long-desired addition has been elusive because of significant technical challenges. This paper reports the development of a new diffraction-based polarization analyzer which discriminates between linear polarization components of the scattered photons. The double concave surface of the polarization analyzer was designed as a good compromise between energy resolution and throughput. Such a device was fabricated using highly oriented pyrolytic graphite for measurements at the Cu K-edge incident energy. Preliminary measurements on a CuGeO(3) sample are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Gao
- Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5252, USA
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16
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Hollmark HM, Gustafsson T, Edström K, Duda LC. Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering and X-ray absorption spectroscopy on the cathode materials LiMnPO4 and LiMn0.9Fe0.1PO4––a comparative study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:20215-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20673g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Glatzel P, Sikora M, Smolentsev G, Fernández-García M. Hard X-ray photon-in photon-out spectroscopy. Catal Today 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2008.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Guo JH, Gupta A, Sharma P, Rao KV, Marcus MA, Dong CL, Guillen JMO, Butorin SM, Mattesini M, Glans PA, Smith KE, Chang CL, Ahuja R. X-ray spectroscopic study of the charge state and local ordering of room-temperature ferromagnetic Mn-doped ZnO. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2007; 19:172202. [PMID: 21690936 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/19/17/172202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The charge state and local ordering of Mn doped into a pulsed laser deposited single-phase thin film of ZnO are investigated by using x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the O K-edge, Mn K-edge and L-edge, and x-ray emission spectroscopy at the O K-edge and Mn L-edge. This film is ferromagnetic at room temperature. EXAFS measurement shows that Mn(2+) replaces the Zn site in tetrahedral symmetry, and there is no evidence for either metallic Mn or MnO in the film. Upon Mn doping, the top of O 2p valence band extends into the bandgap, indicating additional charge carriers being created.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-H Guo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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19
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Chang GS, Kurmaev EZ, Finkelstein LD, Choi HK, Lee WO, Park YD, Pedersen TM, Moewes A. Post-annealing effect on the electronic structure of Mn atoms in Ga(₁-x)Mn(x)As probed by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2007; 19:076215. [PMID: 22251602 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/19/7/076215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure of as-grown and post-annealed Ga(₁-x)Mn(x)As epilayers (x≈0.055) has been investigated using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. Mn L₂,₃ x-ray emission spectra show that the integral intensity ratio of Mn L₂ to L₃ emission lines increases with annealing temperature and comes close to that of manganese oxide. The oxygen K-emission/absorption spectra of post-annealed Ga₀.₉₄₅Mn₀.₀₅₅As show 1.5-3.0 times higher degree of oxidation on the film surface than that of the as-grown sample. These experimental findings are attributed to the diffusion of Mn impurity atoms from interstitial positions in the GaAs host lattice to the surface where they are passivated by oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Chang
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, 116 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada.
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20
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Jiménez-Mier J, Ederer D, Schuler T. X-ray Raman scattering at the edge of manganese compounds: Characteristic behaviour of and. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Chiuzbăian SG, Ghiringhelli G, Dallera C, Grioni M, Amann P, Wang X, Braicovich L, Patthey L. Localized electronic excitations in NiO studied with resonant inelastic X-Ray scattering at the Ni M threshold: evidence of spin flip. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:197402. [PMID: 16384022 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.197402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We studied the neutral electronic excitations of NiO localized at the Ni sites by measuring the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra at the Ni M2,3 edges. The good energy resolution allows an unambiguous identification of several spectral features due to excitations. The dependence of the RIXS spectra on the excitation energy gives evidence of local spin flip and yields a value of 125 +/- 15 meV for the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction. Accurate crystal field parameters are also obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Chiuzbăian
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
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22
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Kuepper K, Falub MC, Prince KC, Galakhov VR, Troyanchuk IO, Chiuzbaian SG, Matteucci M, Wett D, Szargan R, Ovechkina NA, Mukovskii YM, Neumann M. Electronic Structure of A- and B-Site Doped Lanthanum Manganites: A Combined X-ray Spectroscopic Study. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:9354-61. [PMID: 16852120 DOI: 10.1021/jp044447w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The electronic properties of a series of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) compounds, namely LaMnO3, La(1-x)Ba(x)(MnO3 (0.2 < or = x < or = 0.55), La(0.76)Ba(0.24)Mn(0.84)Co(0.16)O3, and La(0.76)Ba(0.24)Mn(0.78)Ni(0.22)O3, have been investigated in a detailed spectroscopic study. A combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) was used to reveal a detailed picture of the electronic structure in the presence of Ba, Co, and Ni doping in different concentrations. The results are compared with available theory. The valence band of La(1-x)()Ba(x)MnO3 (0 < or = x < or = 0.55) is dominated by La 5p, Mn 3d, and O 2p states, and strong hybridization between Mn 3d and O 2p states is present over the whole range of Ba concentrations. Co-doping at the Mn site leads to an increased occupancy of the e(g) states near the Fermi energy and an increase in the XPS valence band intensity between 0.5 and 5 eV, whereas the Ni-doped sample shows a lower density of occupied states near the Fermi energy. The Ni d states are located in a band spanning the energy range of 1.5-5 eV. XAS spectra indicate that the hole doping leads to mixed Mn 3d-O 2p states. Furthermore, RIXS at the Mn L edge has been used to probe d-d transitions and charge-transfer excitations in La(1-x)Ba(x)MnO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kuepper
- Department of Physics, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069 Osnabrück, Germany.
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23
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Ghiringhelli G, Brookes NB, Annese E, Berger H, Dallera C, Grioni M, Perfetti L, Tagliaferri A, Braicovich L. Low energy electronic excitations in the layered cuprates studied by copper L3 resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:117406. [PMID: 15089169 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.117406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra at the Cu L3 edge in a variety of cuprates. Exploiting a considerably improved energy resolution (0.8 eV) we recorded significant dependencies on the sample composition and orientation, on the scattering geometry, and on the incident photon polarization. The RIXS final states correspond to two families of electronic excitations, having local (dd excitations) and nonlocal (charge-transfer) character. The dd energy splitting can be estimated with a simple crystal field model. The RIXS at the L3 edge demonstrates here a great potential, thanks to the resonance strength and to the large 2p spin-orbit splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ghiringhelli
- INFM-Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- F de Groot
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands
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25
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Horne CR, Bergmann U, Grush MM, Perera RCC, Ederer DL, Callcott TA, Cairns EJ, Cramer SP. Electronic Structure of Chemically-Prepared LixMn2O4 Determined by Mn X-ray Absorption and Emission Spectroscopies. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp994475s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig R. Horne
- Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Center for X-ray Optics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Center for X-ray Optics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National
| | - Melissa M. Grush
- Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Center for X-ray Optics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National
| | - Rupert C. C. Perera
- Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Center for X-ray Optics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National
| | - David L. Ederer
- Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Center for X-ray Optics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National
| | - Thomas A. Callcott
- Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Center for X-ray Optics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National
| | - Elton J. Cairns
- Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Center for X-ray Optics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National
| | - Stephen P. Cramer
- Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Structural Biology Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Center for X-ray Optics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National
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26
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Bergmann U, Mullins OC, Cramer SP. X-ray Raman spectroscopy of carbon in asphaltene: light element characterization with bulk sensitivity. Anal Chem 2000; 72:2609-12. [PMID: 10857643 DOI: 10.1021/ac990730t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
X-ray Raman spectra of the carbon K-edge have been recorded using 6.461 keV radiation for a petroleum asphaltene. By comparison with coronene, graphite, and paraffin standards, the asphaltene spectrum is seen to be composed of contributions from saturated and aromatic carbon species. The information contained in the carbon K-edge was extracted with bulk (approximately 1 mm) sensitivity, because the Raman method used hard X-rays. This helps alleviate concerns about surface artifacts that frequently occur with soft X-ray spectroscopy of light elements. X-ray Raman spectroscopy shows great potential for characterization of light elements in fuels, catalysts, and other complex materials under chemically relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Bergmann
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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27
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Bergmann U, Horne C, Collins T, Workman J, Cramer S. Chemical dependence of interatomic X-ray transition energies and intensities – a study of Mn Kβ″ and Kβ2,5 spectra. Chem Phys Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(99)00095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Kay A, Arenholz E, Mun S, Fadley CS, Denecke R, Hussain Z. Multi-atom resonant photoemission: A method for determining near-neighbor atomic identities and bonding. Science 1998; 281:679-83. [PMID: 9685257 DOI: 10.1126/science.281.5377.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Measurements and theoretical calculations are reported for an interatomic multi-atom resonant photoemission (MARPE) effect that permits direct determination of near-neighbor atomic identities (atomic numbers). MARPE occurs when the photon energy is tuned to a core-level absorption edge of an atom neighboring the emitting atom, with the emitting level having a lower binding energy than the resonant level. Large peak-intensity enhancements of 33 to 105 percent and energy-integrated effects of 11 to 29 percent were seen in three metal oxides. MARPE should also be sensitive to bond distance, bonding type, and magnetic order, and be observable via the secondary processes of x-ray fluorescence and Auger decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kay
- A. Kay, S. Mun, C. S. Fadley, R. Denecke, Department of Physics, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. E. Arenholz, F. J. Ga
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