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Vigna-Gómez A, Willcox R, Tamborra I, Mandel I, Renzo M, Wagg T, Janka HT, Kresse D, Bodensteiner J, Shenar T, Tauris TM. Constraints on Neutrino Natal Kicks from Black-Hole Binary VFTS 243. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:191403. [PMID: 38804921 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.191403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The recently reported observation of VFTS 243 is the first example of a massive black-hole binary system with negligible binary interaction following black-hole formation. The black-hole mass (≈10M_{⊙}) and near-circular orbit (e≈0.02) of VFTS 243 suggest that the progenitor star experienced complete collapse, with energy-momentum being lost predominantly through neutrinos. VFTS 243 enables us to constrain the natal kick and neutrino-emission asymmetry during black-hole formation. At 68% confidence level, the natal kick velocity (mass decrement) is ≲10 km/s (≲1.0M_{⊙}), with a full probability distribution that peaks when ≈0.3M_{⊙} were ejected, presumably in neutrinos, and the black hole experienced a natal kick of 4 km/s. The neutrino-emission asymmetry is ≲4%, with best fit values of ∼0-0.2%. Such a small neutrino natal kick accompanying black-hole formation is in agreement with theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Vigna-Gómez
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reinhold Willcox
- Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery-OzGrav, Australia
| | - Irene Tamborra
- Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 128, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ilya Mandel
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery-OzGrav, Australia
| | - Mathieu Renzo
- Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10010, USA
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Tom Wagg
- Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, DC 98195, USA
| | - Hans-Thomas Janka
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Daniel Kresse
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, James-Franck-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Julia Bodensteiner
- European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tomer Shenar
- The School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Thomas M Tauris
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Kuan HJ, Suvorov AG, Doneva DD, Yazadjiev SS. Gravitational Waves from Accretion-Induced Descalarization in Massive Scalar-Tensor Theory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:121104. [PMID: 36179164 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.121104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many classes of extended scalar-tensor theories predict that dynamical instabilities can take place at high energies, leading to the formation of scalarized neutron stars. Depending on the theory parameters, stars in a scalarized state can form a solution-space branch that shares a lot of similarities with the so-called mass twins in general relativity appearing for equations of state containing first-order phase transitions. Members of this scalarized branch have a lower maximum mass and central energy density compared to Einstein ones. In such cases, a scalarized star could potentially overaccrete beyond the critical mass limit, thus triggering a gravitational phase transition where the star sheds its scalar hair and migrates over to its nonscalarized counterpart. Such an event resembles, but is distinct from, a nuclear or thermodynamic phase transition. We dynamically track a gravitational transition by first constructing hydrostatic, scalarized equilibria for realistic equations of state, and then allowing additional material to fall onto the stellar surface. The resulting bursts of monopolar radiation are dispersively stretched to form a quasicontinuous signal that persists for decades, carrying strains of order ≳10^{-22} (kpc/L)^{3/2} Hz^{-1/2} at frequencies of ≲300 Hz, detectable with the existing interferometer network out to distances of L≲10 kpc, and out to a few hundred kpc with the inclusion of the Einstein Telescope. Electromagnetic signatures of such events, involving gamma-ray and neutrino bursts, are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jui Kuan
- Theoretical Astrophysics, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Arthur G Suvorov
- Theoretical Astrophysics, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- Manly Astrophysics, 15/41-42 East Esplanade, Manly, NSW 2095, Australia
| | - Daniela D Doneva
- Theoretical Astrophysics, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- INRNE-Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stoytcho S Yazadjiev
- Theoretical Astrophysics, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
- Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St. 8, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
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Sarin N, Lasky PD, Vivanco FH, Stevenson SP, Chattopadhyay D, Smith R, Thrane E. Linking the rates of neutron star binaries and short gamma-ray bursts. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.083004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ma SB, Xie W, Liao B, Zhang BB, Lü HJ, Liu Y, Lei WH. A Possible Kilonova Powered by Magnetic Wind from a Newborn Black Hole. THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 2021; 911:97. [DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abe71b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The merger of binary neutron stars (NS–NS) as the progenitor of short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has been confirmed by the discovery of the association of the gravitational-wave (GW) event GW170817 with GRB 170817A. However, the merger product of binary NS remains an open question. An X-ray plateau followed by a steep decay (“internal plateau”) has been found in some short GRBs, implying that a supramassive magnetar operates as the merger remnant and then collapses into a newborn black hole (BH) at the end of the plateau. X-ray bump or second plateau following the “internal plateau” are considered as the expected signature from the fallback accretion onto this newborn BH through the Blandford–Znajek mechanism (BZ). At the same time, a nearly isotropic wind driven by the Blandford–Payne mechanism (BP) from the newborn BH’s disk can produce a bright kilonova. Therefore, the bright kilonova observation for a short GRB with “internal plateau” (and followed by X-ray bump or second plateau) provides further evidence for this scenario. In this paper, we find that GRB 160821B is a candidate of such a case, and the kilonova emission of GRB 160821B is possibly powered by the BP wind from a newborn BH. Future GW detection of GRB 160821B–like events may provide further support to this scenario, enable us to investigate the properties of the magnetar and the newborn BH, and constrain the equation of state of neutron stars.
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