Parton branching model for pp-bar collisions

Development of Effective Medical Countermeasures Against the Main Biowarfare Agents: The Importance of Antibodies

The COVID-19 and mpox crisis has reminded the world of the potentially catastrophic consequences of biological agents. Aside from the natural risk, biological agents can also be weaponized or used for bioterrorism. Dissemination in a population or among livestock could be used to destabilize a nation by creating a climate of terror, by negatively impacting the economy and undermining institutions. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classify biological agents into three categories (A or Tier 1, B and C) according to the risk they pose to the public and national security. Category A or Tier 1 consists of the six pathogens with the highest risk to the population (Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, Francisella tularensis, botulinum neurotoxins, smallpox and viral hemorrhagic fevers). Several medical countermeasures, such as vaccines, antibodies and chemical drugs, have been developed to prevent or cure the diseases induced by these pathogens. This review presents an overview of the primary medical countermeasures, and in particular, of the antibodies available against the six pathogens on the CDC's Tier 1 agents list, as well as against ricin.

Intermittency in pseudorapidity space of pp collisions at √s $ \sqrt s $ = 7 TeV

The intermittency-type fluctuations in the pseudorapidity space of pp collisions at $ \sqrt s $ = 7 TeV done at the LHC is investigated, by analysing the scaling properties (exponents) of the factorial moments of the event multiplicity distributions in decreasing pseudorapidity bin size. It is found that the scaling behaviour persists in the $ \sqrt s $ = 7 TeV regime, indicating intermittent behaviour as observed previously in analyses done at lower energies [1,2]. Comparison is also made with the theoretical predictions of the Generalised Multiplicity Distribution (GMD) [3,4,6].