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Burrage C, Millington P. Higgs-induced screening mechanisms in scalar-tensor theories. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024; 1531:95-103. [PMID: 38133522 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
We consider the theory of a light conformally coupled scalar field, that is, one that is coupled directly to the Ricci scalar of the gravitational sector. This theory can be written equivalently as one of a light scalar that is coupled to the Standard Model of particle physics with a particular combination of Higgs-portal couplings. When the conformal coupling function contains terms that are linear and quadratic in the conformally coupled scalar, we find that the effective mass of the light propagating mode and its coupling to matter fields, obtained after expanding around a minimum of the classical potential, depend on the energy density of the background environment. This is despite the absence of nonlinear terms in the original equation of motion for the light conformally coupled field. Instead, we find that the nonlinearities of the prototype Higgs potential are communicated to the light mode. In this way, we present a novel realization of screening mechanisms, in which light degrees of freedom coupled to the Standard Model are able to avoid experimental constraints through environmental and thin-shell effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Burrage
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Peter Millington
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Jain M, Amin MA, Pu H. Integrator for general spin-s Gross-Pitaevskii systems. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:055305. [PMID: 38115448 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.055305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
We provide an algorithm, i-SPin 2, for evolving general spin-s Gross-Pitaevskii or nonlinear Schrödinger systems carrying a variety of interactions, where the 2s+1 components of the "spinor" field represent the different spin-multiplicity states. We consider many nonrelativistic interactions up to quartic order in the Schrödinger field (both short and long range, and spin-dependent and spin-independent interactions), including explicit spin-orbit couplings. The algorithm allows for spatially varying external and/or self-generated vector potentials that couple to the spin density of the field. Our work can be used for scenarios ranging from laboratory systems such as spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), to cosmological or astrophysical systems such as self-interacting bosonic dark matter. As examples, we provide results for two different setups of spin-1 BECs that employ a varying magnetic field and spin-orbit coupling, respectively, and also collisions of spin-1 solitons in dark matter. Our symplectic algorithm is second-order accurate in time, and is extensible to the known higher-order-accurate methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudit Jain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Mustafa A Amin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Han Pu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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Sharma A, Kartvelishvili G, Khoury J. Finite temperature description of an interacting Bose gas. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.045025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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4
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Bose–Einstein Condensate Dark Matter That Involves Composites. UNIVERSE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/universe8030187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Improving the Bose–Einstein condensate model of dark matter through the repulsive three-particle interaction to better reproduce observables such as rotation curves reveals both different thermodynamic phases and few-particle correlations. Using the numerically found solutions of the Gross–Pitaevskii equation for averaging the products of local densities and for calculating thermodynamic functions at zero temperature, it is shown that the few-particle correlations imply a first-order phase transition and are reduced to the product of single-particle averages with a simultaneous increase in pressure, density, and quantum fluctuations. Under given conditions, dark matter exhibits the properties of an ideal gas with an effective temperature determined by quantum fluctuations. Characteristics of oscillations between bound and unbound states of three particles are estimated within a simple random walk approach to qualitatively model the instability of particle complexes. On the other hand, the density-dependent conditions for the formation of composites are analyzed using chemical kinetics without specifying the bonds formed. The obtained results can be extended to the models of multicomponent dark matter consisting of composites formed by particles with a large scattering length.
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Kouvaris C, Papantonopoulos E, Street L, Wijewardhana L. Using atomic clocks to detect local dark matter halos. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.103025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Phases of the Bose–Einstein Condensate Dark Matter Model with Both Two- and Three-Particle Interactions. UNIVERSE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/universe7100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we further elaborate on the Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) dark matter model extended in our previous work [Phys. Rev. D 2020, 102, 083510] by the inclusion of sixth-order (or three-particle) repulsive self-interaction term. Herein, our goal is to complete the picture through adding to the model the fourth-order repulsive self-interaction. The results of our analysis confirm the following: while in the previous work the two-phase structure and the possibility of first-order phase transition was established, here we demonstrate that with the two self-interactions involved, the nontrivial phase structure of the enriched model remains intact. For this to hold, we study the conditions which the parameters of the model, including the interaction parameters, should satisfy. As a by-product and in order to provide some illustration, we obtain the rotation curves and the (bipartite) entanglement entropy for the case of a particular dwarf galaxy.
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Supermassive Black Holes from Bose-Einstein Condensed Dark Matter—Or Black and Dark Separation by Angular Momentum. UNIVERSE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/universe7080265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many supermassive black holes (SMBH) of mass 106∼9M⊙ are observed at the center of each galaxy even in the high redshift (z≈7) Universe. To explain the early formation and the common existence of SMBH, we previously proposed the SMBH formation scenario by the gravitational collapse of the coherent dark matter (DM) composed from the Bose-Einstein Condensed (BEC) objects. A difficult problem in this scenario is the inevitable angular momentum which prevents the collapse of BEC. To overcome this difficulty, in this paper, we consider the very early Universe when the BEC-DM acquires its proper angular momentum by the tidal torque mechanism. The balance of the density evolution and the acquisition of the angular momentum determines the mass of the SMBH as well as the mass ratio of BH and the surrounding dark halo (DH). This ratio is calculated as MBH/MDH≈10−3∼−5(Mtot/1012M⊙)−1/2 assuming simple density profiles of the initial DM cloud. This result turns out to be consistent with the observations at z≈0 and z≈6, although the data scatter is large. Thus, the angular momentum determines the separation of black and dark, i.e., SMBH and DH, in the original DM cloud.
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Abstract
Bayesian statistics and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms have found their place in the field of Cosmology. They have become important mathematical and numerical tools, especially in parameter estimation and model comparison. In this paper, we review some fundamental concepts to understand Bayesian statistics and then introduce MCMC algorithms and samplers that allow us to perform the parameter inference procedure. We also introduce a general description of the standard cosmological model, known as the ΛCDM model, along with several alternatives, and current datasets coming from astrophysical and cosmological observations. Finally, with the tools acquired, we use an MCMC algorithm implemented in python to test several cosmological models and find out the combination of parameters that best describes the Universe.
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Eby J, Street L, Suranyi P, Wijewardhana L. Global view of axion stars with nearly Planck-scale decay constants. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.103.063043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Gavrilik A, Khelashvili M, Nazarenko A. Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter model with three-particle interaction and two-phase structure. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.083510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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An SU(2) Gauge Principle for the Cosmic Microwave Background: Perspectives on the Dark Sector of the Cosmological Model. UNIVERSE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/universe6090135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We review consequences for the radiation and dark sectors of the cosmological model arising from the postulate that the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is governed by an SU(2) rather than a U(1) gauge principle. We also speculate on the possibility of actively assisted structure formation due to the de-percolation of lump-like configurations of condensed ultralight axions with a Peccei–Quinn scale comparable to the Planck mass. The chiral-anomaly induced potential of the axion condensate receives contributions from SU(2)/SU(3) Yang–Mills factors of hierarchically separated scales which act in a screened (reduced) way in confining phases.
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Chavanis PH. Predictive model of BEC dark matter halos with a solitonic core and an isothermal atmosphere. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.083022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Nguyễn HN, Sehgal N, Madhavacheril MS. Measuring the small-scale matter power spectrum with high-resolution CMB lensing. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.023502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Dai L, Li SS, Zackay B, Mao S, Lu Y. Detecting lensing-induced diffraction in astrophysical gravitational waves. Int J Clin Exp Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.98.104029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Veltmaat J, Niemeyer JC, Schwabe B. Formation and structure of ultralight bosonic dark matter halos. Int J Clin Exp Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.98.043509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Mocz P, Lancaster L, Fialkov A, Becerra F, Chavanis PH. Schrödinger-Poisson–Vlasov-Poisson correspondence. Int J Clin Exp Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.97.083519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chakrabarty SS, Enomoto S, Han Y, Sikivie P, Todarello EM. Gravitational self-interactions of a degenerate quantum scalar field. Int J Clin Exp Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.97.043531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Robles VH, Bullock JS, Elbert OD, Fitts A, González-Samaniego A, Boylan-Kolchin M, Hopkins PF, Faucher-Giguère CA, Kereš D, Hayward CC. SIDM on FIRE: hydrodynamical self-interacting dark matter simulations of low-mass dwarf galaxies. MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 2017; 472:2945-2954. [PMID: 30595610 PMCID: PMC6310025 DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx2253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We compare a suite of four simulated dwarf galaxies formed in 1010 M☉ haloes of collisionless cold dark matter (CDM) with galaxies simulated in the same haloes with an identical galaxy formation model but a non-zero cross-section for DM self-interactions. These cosmological zoom-in simulations are part of the Feedback In Realistic Environments (fire) project and utilize the fire-2 model for hydrodynamics and galaxy formation physics. We find the stellar masses of the galaxies formed in self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) with σ/m = 1 cm2 g-1 are very similar to those in CDM (spanning M ★ ≈ 105.7-7.0 M☉) and all runs lie on a similar stellar mass-size relation. The logarithmic DM density slope (α = d log ρ/d log r) in the central 250-500 pc remains steeper than α = -0.8 for the CDM-Hydro simulations with stellar mass M ★ ~ 106.6 M☉ and core-like in the most massive galaxy. In contrast, every SIDM hydrodynamic simulation yields a flatter profile, with α > -0.4. Moreover, the central density profiles predicted in SIDM runs without baryons are similar to the SIDM runs that include fire-2 baryonic physics. Thus, SIDM appears to be much more robust to the inclusion of (potentially uncertain) baryonic physics than CDM on this mass scale, suggesting that SIDM will be easier to falsify than CDM using low-mass galaxies. Our fire simulations predict that galaxies less massive than M ★ ≲ 3 × 106 M☉ provide potentially ideal targets for discriminating models, with SIDM producing substantial cores in such tiny galaxies and CDM producing cusps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor H Robles
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - James S Bullock
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Oliver D Elbert
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Alex Fitts
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2515 Speedway, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712-1205, USA
| | | | - Michael Boylan-Kolchin
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2515 Speedway, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712-1205, USA
| | - Philip F Hopkins
- TAPIR, Mailcode 350-17, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Claude-André Faucher-Giguère
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and CIERA, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Dušan Kereš
- Department of Physics, Center for Astrophysics and Space Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christopher C Hayward
- TAPIR, Mailcode 350-17, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA
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Davoudiasl H, Murphy CW. Fuzzy Dark Matter from Infrared Confining Dynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:141801. [PMID: 28430462 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.141801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A very light boson of mass O(10^{-22}) eV may potentially be a viable dark matter (DM) candidate, which can avoid phenomenological problems associated with cold DM. Such "fuzzy DM (FDM)" may naturally be an axion with a decay constant f_{a}∼10^{16}-10^{18} GeV and a mass m_{a}∼μ^{2}/f_{a} with μ∼10^{2} eV. Here, we propose a concrete model, where μ arises as a dynamical scale from infrared confining dynamics, analogous to QCD. Our model is an alternative to the usual approach of generating μ through string theoretic instanton effects. We outline the features of this scenario that result from various cosmological constraints. We find that those constraints are suggestive of a period of mild of inflation, perhaps from a strong first order phase transition, that reheats the standard model (SM) sector only. A typical prediction of our scenario, broadly speaking, is a larger effective number of neutrinos compared to the SM value N_{eff}≈3, as inferred from precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background. Some of the new degrees of freedom may be identified as "sterile neutrinos," which may be required to explain certain neutrino oscillation anomalies. Hence, aspects of our scenario could be testable in terrestrial experiments, which is a novelty of our FDM model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Davoudiasl
- Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Christopher W Murphy
- Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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Banik N, Christopherson AJ, Sikivie P, Todarello EM. New astrophysical bounds on ultralight axionlike particles. Int J Clin Exp Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.95.043542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Chavanis PH. Collapse of a self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensate with attractive self-interaction. Int J Clin Exp Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.94.083007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Khoury J. Another path for the emergence of modified galactic dynamics from dark matter superfluidity. Int J Clin Exp Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.93.103533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Harko T, Lobo FS. Gravitational, lensing, and stability properties of Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter halos. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.92.043011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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26
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Banik N, Christopherson AJ, Sikivie P, Todarello EM. Linear Newtonian perturbation theory from the Schrödinger-Poisson equations. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.91.123540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chavanis PH, Lemou M, Méhats F. Models of dark matter halos based on statistical mechanics: The classical King model. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.91.063531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Li MH, Li ZB. Constraints on Bose-Einstein-condensed axion dark matter from the Hi nearby galaxy survey data. Int J Clin Exp Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.89.103512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Pontzen A, Governato F. Cold dark matter heats up. Nature 2014; 506:171-8. [DOI: 10.1038/nature12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Barranco J, Bernal A, Degollado JC, Diez-Tejedor A, Megevand M, Alcubierre M, Núñez D, Sarbach O. Schwarzschild black holes can wear scalar wigs. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:081102. [PMID: 23002734 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.081102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We study the evolution of a massive scalar field surrounding a Schwarzschild black hole and find configurations that can survive for arbitrarily long times, provided the black hole or the scalar field mass is small enough. In particular, both ultralight scalar field dark matter around supermassive black holes and axionlike scalar fields around primordial black holes can survive for cosmological times. Moreover, these results are quite generic in the sense that fairly arbitrary initial data evolve, at late times, as a combination of those long-lived configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Barranco
- Departamento de Física, División de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, León 37150, Mexico
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Erken O, Sikivie P, Tam H, Yang Q. Axion dark matter and cosmological parameters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:061304. [PMID: 22401054 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.061304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We observe that photon cooling after big bang nucleosynthesis but before recombination can remove the conflict between the observed and theoretically predicted value of the primordial abundance of ^{7}Li. Such cooling is ordinarily difficult to achieve. However, the recent realization that dark matter axions form a Bose-Einstein condensate provides a possible mechanism because the much colder axions may reach thermal contact with the photons. This proposal predicts a high effective number of neutrinos as measured by the cosmic microwave anisotropy spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Erken
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Barranco J, Bernal A, Degollado JC, Diez-Tejedor A, Megevand M, Alcubierre M, Núñez D, Sarbach O. Are black holes a serious threat to scalar field dark matter models? Int J Clin Exp Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.84.083008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ghosh S, Chakrabarti N. Nonlinear wave propagation in a gravitating quantum fluid. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 84:046601. [PMID: 22181290 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.046601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The nonlinear wave propagation in a Bose-Einstein gravitationally condensate gas is investigated using a gravitating quantum fluid model. The small-amplitude dynamics is shown to be governed by a Korteweg-de Vries equation with a nonlocal term. The quantum effect provides the necessary dispersion, and the gravitational effect is responsible for the nonlocal term. This novel equation is solved analytically. The implications of such a soliton-like solution are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiran Ghosh
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Calcutta 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700 009, India. sran−
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Sikivie P, Yang Q. Bose-Einstein condensation of dark matter axions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:111301. [PMID: 19792362 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We show that cold dark matter axions thermalize and form a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). We obtain the axion state in a homogeneous and isotropic universe, and derive the equations governing small axion perturbations. Because they form a BEC, axions differ from ordinary cold dark matter in the nonlinear regime of structure formation and upon entering the horizon. Axion BEC provides a mechanism for the production of net overall rotation in dark matter halos, and for the alignment of cosmic microwave anisotropy multipoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sikivie
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Hu W, Barkana R, Gruzinov A. Fuzzy cold dark matter: the wave properties of ultralight particles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:1158-1161. [PMID: 10991501 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cold dark matter (CDM) models predict small-scale structure in excess of observations of the cores and abundance of dwarf galaxies. These problems might be solved, and the virtues of CDM models retained, even without postulating ad hoc dark matter particle or field interactions, if the dark matter is composed of ultralight scalar particles (m approximately 10(-22) eV), initially in a (cold) Bose-Einstein condensate, similar to axion dark matter models. The wave properties of the dark matter stabilize gravitational collapse, providing halo cores and sharply suppressing small-scale linear power.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Hu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
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Lee J, Koh I. Galactic halos as boson stars. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1996; 53:2236-2239. [PMID: 10020213 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.53.2236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Ji SU, Sin SJ. Late-time phase transition and the galactic halo as a Bose liquid. II. The effect of visible matter. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1994; 50:3655-3659. [PMID: 10018008 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.50.3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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