The Collins Asymmetry in Λ Hyperon Produced SIDIS Process at Electron–Ion Colliders

We investigate Collins asymmetry in the Λ hyperon produced semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) process based on the kinematical region of Electron-ion collider in China (EicC) and Electron–ion collider (EIC) within the transverse momentum dependence (TMD) factorization framework at next-to-leading-logarithmic order. The asymmetry is contributed by the convolution of the target proton transversity distribution function and the Collins function of the final-state Λ hyperon. The TMD evolution effect of the corresponding parton distribution functions (PDFs) and fragmentation functions (FFs) is considered with the help of parametrization of the non-perturbative Sudakov form factors for the proton PDFs and Λ fragmentation functions. We apply the parametrization of the collinear proton transversity distribution function and the model results of Λ Collins function from the diquark spectator model as the inputs of the TMD evolution to numerically calculate Collins asymmetry in Λ produced SIDIS process at the kinematical configurations of EIC and EicC. It can be shown that the asymmetry is significant and can be measured at EIC and EicC. The flavor dependence of transversity distribution functions could be further constrained by studying the Λ hyperon produced SIDIS process in the future to improve our understanding of the spin structure within nucleons.