1
|
Kuntz G, Huang J, Rask M, Lindgren-Ruby A, Shinsato JY, Bi D, Tabatabai AP. Spatial confinement affects the heterogeneity and interactions between shoaling fish. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12296. [PMID: 38811673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Living objects are able to consume chemical energy and process information independently from others. However, living objects can coordinate to form ordered groups such as schools of fish. This work considers these complex groups as living materials and presents imaging-based experiments of laboratory schools of fish to understand how activity, which is a non-equilibrium feature, affects the structure and dynamics of a group. We use spatial confinement to control the motion and structure of fish within quasi-2D shoals of fish and use image analysis techniques to make quantitative observations of the structures, their spatial heterogeneity, and their temporal fluctuations. Furthermore, we utilize Monte Carlo simulations to replicate the experimentally observed data which provides insight into the effective interactions between fish and confirms the presence of a confinement-based behavioral preference transition. In addition, unlike in short-range interacting systems, here structural heterogeneity and dynamic activities are positively correlated as a result of complex interplay between spatial arrangement and behavioral dynamics in fish collectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Kuntz
- Department of Physics, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | - Junxiang Huang
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mitchell Rask
- Department of Physics, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | | | - Jacob Y Shinsato
- Department of Physics, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | - Dapeng Bi
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - A Pasha Tabatabai
- Department of Physics, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA.
- Physics Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93410, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lafoux B, Moscatelli J, Godoy-Diana R, Thiria B. Illuminance-tuned collective motion in fish. Commun Biol 2023; 6:585. [PMID: 37258699 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04861-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We experimentally investigate the role of illumination on the collective dynamics of a large school (ca. 50 individuals) of Hemigrammus rhodostomus. The structure of the group, defined using two order parameters, is quantified while progressively altering the visual range of the fish through controlled cycles of ambient light intensity. We show that, at low light levels, the individuals within the group are unable to form a cohesive group, while at higher illuminance the degree of alignment of the school correlates with the light intensity. When increasing the illuminance, the school structure is successively characterized by a polarized state followed by a highly regular and stable rotational configuration (milling). Our study shows that vision is necessary to achieve cohesive collective motion for free swimming fish schools, while the short-range lateral line sensing is insufficient in this situation. The present experiment therefore provides new insights into the interaction mechanisms that govern the emergence and intensity of collective motion in biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Lafoux
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes (PMMH), CNRS UMR 7636, ESPCI Paris-PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université-Université Paris Cité, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Jeanne Moscatelli
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes (PMMH), CNRS UMR 7636, ESPCI Paris-PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université-Université Paris Cité, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ramiro Godoy-Diana
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes (PMMH), CNRS UMR 7636, ESPCI Paris-PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université-Université Paris Cité, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Benjamin Thiria
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes (PMMH), CNRS UMR 7636, ESPCI Paris-PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université-Université Paris Cité, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ouellette N. A physics perspective on collective animal behavior. Phys Biol 2022; 19. [PMID: 35038691 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/ac4bef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The beautiful dynamic patterns and coordinated motion displayed by groups of social animals are a beautiful example of self-organization in natural farfrom-equilibrium systems. Recent advances in active-matter physics have enticed physicists to begin to consider how their results can be extended from microscale physical or biological systems to groups of real, macroscopic animals. At the same time, advances in measurement technology have led to the increasing availability of high-quality empirical data for the behavior of animal groups both in the laboratory and in the wild. In this review, I survey this available data and the ways that it has been analyzed. I then describe how physicists have approached synthesizing, modeling, and interpreting this information, both at the level of individual animals and at the group scale. In particular, I focus on the kinds of analogies that physicists have made between animal groups and more traditional areas of physics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Ouellette
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California, 94305-6104, UNITED STATES
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang Y, Turci F, Kague E, Hammond CL, Russo J, Royall CP. Dominating lengthscales of zebrafish collective behaviour. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009394. [PMID: 35025883 PMCID: PMC8797201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective behaviour in living systems is observed across many scales, from bacteria to insects, to fish shoals. Zebrafish have emerged as a model system amenable to laboratory study. Here we report a three-dimensional study of the collective dynamics of fifty zebrafish. We observed the emergence of collective behaviour changing between ordered to randomised, upon adaptation to new environmental conditions. We quantify the spatial and temporal correlation functions of the fish and identify two length scales, the persistence length and the nearest neighbour distance, that capture the essence of the behavioural changes. The ratio of the two length scales correlates robustly with the polarisation of collective motion that we explain with a reductionist model of self-propelled particles with alignment interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Yang
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Francesco Turci
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Erika Kague
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Chrissy L. Hammond
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - John Russo
- Department of Physics, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - C. Patrick Royall
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Gulliver UMR CNRS 7083, ESPCI Paris, Università PSL, Paris, France
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chatterjee P, Goldenfeld N. Field-theoretic model for chemotaxis in run and tumble particles. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:032603. [PMID: 33862765 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.032603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we develop a field-theoretic description for run and tumble chemotaxis, based on a density-functional description of crystalline materials modified to capture orientational ordering. We show that this framework, with its in-built multiparticle interactions, soft-core repulsion, and elasticity, is ideal for describing continuum collective phases with particle resolution, but on diffusive timescales. We show that our model exhibits particle aggregation in an externally imposed constant attractant field, as is observed for phototactic or thermotactic agents. We also show that this model captures particle aggregation through self-chemotaxis, an important mechanism that aids quorum-dependent cellular interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Purba Chatterjee
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Loomis Laboratory of Physics, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois, 61801-3080, USA
| | - Nigel Goldenfeld
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Loomis Laboratory of Physics, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois, 61801-3080, USA
| |
Collapse
|